72,234 articles
Morvan syndrome
Morvan syndrome, or Morvan fibrillary chorea, is a rare life-threatening autoimmune VGKC-complex (CASPR2/LGI1) channelopathy with neuromyotonia, dysautonomia, severe insomnia, and often thymoma.
Mosaic genome-wide paternal uniparental disomy syndrome
Mosaic genome-wide paternal uniparental disomy syndrome (androgenetic/biparental mosaicism, ORPHA:329813) is an ultra-rare chromosomal anomaly mixing paternal-only and biparental cell lines, causing Beckwith-Wiedemann features, hyperinsulinism, tumor risk, and 46,XX female-only occurrence.
Mosaic neurofibromatosis type 1
Mosaic neurofibromatosis type 1 (MNF1, mosaic NF1, formerly segmental NF1) is a postzygotic NF1 gene variant form of NF1 with segmental or generalized, usually milder features; confirmed by VAF under 50% in blood or identical variants in two lesions, with under 50% transmission risk.
Mosaic NF2-related schwannomatosis
Mosaic NF2-related schwannomatosis (mosaic NF2, ORPHA:634475) is a postzygotic NF2 variant form of NF2-related schwannomatosis causing multiple schwannomas, often asymmetric or segmental, milder than germline disease, with VAF under 50% in blood.
Mosaic schwannomatosis
Mosaic schwannomatosis (MNF3, mosaic SWN) is a rare mosaic form of schwannomatosis caused by postzygotic SMARCB1 or LZTR1 variants, producing multiple schwannomas with a milder phenotype; ORPHA:634492, ICD-11 LD2D.1Y.
Mosaic trisomy 10 syndrome
Mosaic trisomy 10 syndrome (trisomy 10 mosaicism, ORPHA:96063) is an extremely rare chromosomal disorder with an extra chromosome 10 in some cells, causing growth delay, craniofacial and organ malformations, and usually neonatal or infant death.
Mosaic trisomy 12 syndrome
Mosaic trisomy 12 syndrome (trisomy 12 mosaicism, ORPHA:1698) is a rare chromosomal disorder where some cells carry an extra chromosome 12, causing variable developmental delay, heart defects, dysmorphism, and pigmentary dysplasia.
Mosaic trisomy 14 syndrome
Mosaic trisomy 14 syndrome, also called trisomy 14 mosaicism, is a rare chromosomal disorder in which some body cells carry three copies of chromosome 14, causing variable growth and developmental delay, heart defects, and body asymmetry.
Mosaic trisomy 15 syndrome
Mosaic trisomy 15 syndrome, also called mosaic trisomy chromosome 15, is a rare chromosomal disorder with an extra chromosome 15 in some cells, causing growth restriction, heart defects, and dysmorphism, with UPD15 and Prader–Willi risk.
Mosaic trisomy 16 syndrome
Mosaic trisomy 16 syndrome, a rare chromosomal anomaly (ORPHA:1708, ICD-10 Q92.1) where some cells carry an extra chromosome 16, causing variable growth restriction, cardiac and genital anomalies, with outcomes ranging from normal development to neonatal death.
Mosaic trisomy 17 syndrome
Mosaic trisomy 17 syndrome, also called trisomy 17 mosaicism, is an extremely rare chromosomal disorder with three copies of chromosome 17 in some cells, causing variable growth delay, intellectual disability, asymmetry, and heart defects; full trisomy 17 is lethal in utero.
Mosaic trisomy 2 syndrome
Mosaic trisomy 2 syndrome (trisomy 2 mosaicism, ORPHA:1723): rare chromosomal anomaly with extra chromosome 2 in some cells; IUGR, growth delay, craniofacial, heart, and neural tube defects; under 1 per million.
Mosaic trisomy 20 syndrome
Mosaic trisomy 20 syndrome (trisomy 20 mosaicism, ORPHA:1724): a rare chromosomal anomaly with an extra chromosome 20 in some cells; normal outcome in over 90% of prenatally detected cases, mild spinal, skin, and bowel features when present.
Mosaic trisomy 22 syndrome
Mosaic trisomy 22 syndrome is a rare chromosomal disorder in which some body cells carry an extra chromosome 22, causing growth delay, intellectual disability, and heart defects.
Mosaic trisomy 3 syndrome
Mosaic trisomy 3 syndrome, or trisomy 3 mosaicism (ORPHA:100071), is a rare chromosomal anomaly where some cells carry an extra chromosome 3, causing variable joint, facial, growth, and cardiac features; CVS findings are often confined placental mosaicism.
Mosaic trisomy 4 syndrome
Mosaic trisomy 4 syndrome (trisomy 4 mosaicism, ORPHA:96059) is an ultra-rare autosomal anomaly with an extra chromosome 4 in a fraction of cells, causing IUGR, heart defects, thumb aplasia, and pigmentation changes.
Mosaic trisomy 5 syndrome
Mosaic trisomy 5 syndrome (trisomy 5 mosaicism, ORPHA:96060) is an extremely rare chromosomal anomaly, fewer than 1 in 1,000,000, with a variable phenotype from normal to growth retardation, heart defects, and dysmorphism; only about seven cases reported.
Mosaic trisomy 7 syndrome
Mosaic trisomy 7 syndrome (trisomy 7 mosaicism, ORPHA:1747) is a rare chromosomal anomaly with a trisomic chromosome 7 cell line, causing Blaschko-line skin pigmentary dysplasia, asymmetry, growth delay, and sometimes maternal UPD 7 with Silver-Russell phenotype.
Mosaic trisomy 8 syndrome
Mosaic trisomy 8 syndrome, also called Warkany syndrome or trisomy 8 mosaicism, is a rare chromosomal disorder where some body cells carry three copies of chromosome 8.
Mosaic trisomy 9 syndrome
Mosaic trisomy 9 syndrome, also called trisomy 9 mosaicism, is a rare chromosomal disorder with some cells carrying an extra chromosome 9, causing intellectual disability, growth delay, heart, skeletal, and urogenital anomalies.
Mosaic variegated aneuploidy syndrome
Mosaic variegated aneuploidy (MVA) syndrome, also called Warburton-Anyane-Yeboa syndrome, is a rare autosomal recessive chromosomal-instability disorder with mosaic trisomies and monosomies in over 25% of cells, microcephaly, growth restriction, and childhood cancer risk, caused by BUB1B, CEP57, TRIP13, and related mitotic checkpoint genes.
Mosaicism
Mosaicism: two or more genetically distinct cell populations in one person, all from a single zygote, unlike chimerism. Covers postzygotic origins, germline versus somatic forms, PI3K/RAS pathway diseases, detection limits, and PGT-A embryo testing.
Mosaicplasty
Mosaicplasty is a surgical technique that repairs cartilage and bone defects, mainly in the knee and talus, by transplanting small plugs of healthy tissue from the same joint.
Mosapride
Mosapride (mosapride citrate, AS-4370) is a benzamide partial 5-HT4 agonist prokinetic launched in Japan in 1998 for functional dyspepsia; dosed 5 mg three times daily, cardiac-safe versus cisapride, unavailable in the USA and UK.
Mosasaur
Mosasaurs (Mosasauridae) were giant carnivorous marine squamates, or lizards, of the Late Cretaceous, named after Mosasaurus hoffmannii, first found at Maastricht in 1764; they gave live birth, ate other marine reptiles, and died out 66 million years ago.
Mosasauria
Mosasauria: extinct marine squamate reptiles (lizard and snake relatives) of the Late Cretaceous, over 100 species, named after Mosasaurus of Maastricht; apex predators extinct 66 million years ago.
Mosasaurus
Mosasaurus is a genus of giant Late Cretaceous marine squamate reptiles, namesake of the mosasaurs. First found near Maastricht in 1766, its type species M. hoffmannii reached perhaps 11-18 meters and died out after the 66-million-year-old asteroid impact.
Moschus berezovskii
Moschus berezovskii, the forest musk deer or Chinese forest musk deer, is an endangered musk deer of central-southern China and northern Vietnam, sister to M. anhuiensis, Class I protected in China, CITES Appendix II.
Moses Farrow
Moses Farrow, Korean-born LMFT adopted by Mia Farrow (1980) and Woody Allen (1991), known for his 2018 defense of Allen against Dylan Farrow's allegations and for adoption-trauma therapy and anti-adoption-industry activism in Connecticut.
Moses Rodriguez
Moses Rodriguez is an American neurologist and immunologist at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, known for multiple sclerosis research and for identifying rHIgM22, an antibody developed to promote myelin repair.