72,234 articles
Motexafin
Motexafin: texaphyrin family of tumor-selective redox-active agents; motexafin gadolinium (Xcytrin) is an MRI-detectable radiosensitizer whose phase III brain metastases trials failed and was never FDA approved.
Moth
Moths are all Lepidoptera that are not butterflies, about 135,000 species in 125 families, mostly nocturnal, scale-winged insects facing declines from light pollution, land use, and climate change.
Moth trap
Moth trap, or insect light trap (Heath, Robinson, Rothamsted, Skinner designs): a device using UV or mercury vapor light, sometimes with pheromone lures, to attract and capture moths unharmed for monitoring, research, and pest management.
Mother
Mother: a female parent (also a religious superior, a source, or a fermentation starter). Motherhood is a universal social status whose meaning, norms, and practices vary across cultures, history, and biology.
Mother Dairy
Mother Dairy is an Indian dairy company founded in 1974 under Operation Flood, selling milk, ice cream, and ghee, and leading milk retail in Delhi.
Mother of vinegar
Mother of vinegar: cellulose biofilm of Acetobacter and Komagataeibacter bacteria forming on alcoholic liquid, converting ethanol to acetic acid; used as a starter culture (back-slopping) and sold raw in unfiltered apple cider vinegar.
Mother Teresa Women's University
Mother Teresa Women's University (அன்னை தெரசா மகளிர் பல்கலைக்கழகம்), Kodaikanal: Tamil Nadu's only state women's university, established 1984 by Act 15, NAAC A grade, 12 affiliated colleges.
Motilin
Motilin is a 22-amino-acid peptide hormone secreted by M cells of the duodenal and jejunal mucosa that stimulates gastrointestinal motility; erythromycin mimics it, launching prokinetic drug development.
Motility assay
A motility assay is a laboratory method in cell biology that measures the movement of cells or organisms, quantifying migration, chemotaxis toward a chemoattractant, and invasion through extracellular matrix.
Motility-associated protein Scm1
Scm1 is a 409-amino-acid motility protein of the mollicute Spiroplasma citri, identified in 1997 by Tn4001 mutagenesis; its mutant loses rotation about the helix axis, and complementation restores motility. It has no known homologues in other prokaryotes.
Motion sickness
Motion sickness (seasickness, car sickness) is nausea, vomiting, dizziness, pallor, and cold sweating from real or perceived motion conflicting vestibular, visual, and proprioceptive inputs; treated with habituation, scopolamine, and sedating antihistamines.
Motivation-enhancing drug
Motivation-enhancing drug: agents aimed at apathy and motivation deficits, chiefly methylphenidate and dopaminergic drugs targeting incentive salience; no treatment is yet licensed for apathy.
Motivational Enhancement Therapy
Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET) is a brief, four-session psychotherapy for substance use disorders that uses motivational interviewing and personalized assessment feedback, developed for Project MATCH.
Motivational interviewing
Motivational interviewing (MI) is a client-centered counseling style, first described by William Miller in 1983 and codified with Stephen Rollnick, that resolves ambivalence to change behavior; Cochrane evidence shows short-term benefit versus no intervention but little difference versus active treatments.
Motixafortide
Motixafortide (Aphexda, BL-8040) is a long-acting cyclic-peptide CXCR4 antagonist approved in 2023 with filgrastim for stem cell mobilization in multiple myeloma; real-world data show no superiority over plerixafor.
Motoharu Seiki
Motoharu Seiki (清木 元治) is a Japanese cancer researcher born in 1949, known for discovering MT1-MMP, a key enzyme in cancer invasion and metastasis, and for early work on HTLV-I.
Motomasa Tanaka
Motomasa Tanaka (田中 元雅) is a Japanese molecular biologist and Team Director at the RIKEN Center for Brain Science, known for showing that prion strain properties are encoded in amyloid conformation.
Motoo Kimura
Motoo Kimura (木村 資生) was a Japanese population geneticist at the National Institute of Genetics, best known for proposing the neutral theory of molecular evolution in 1968.
Motor Activity
Motor Activity (MeSH D009043, introduced 1968): body movements of a human or animal as a behavioral phenomenon; also IUPAC neurotoxicology term for animal physical activity, measured by actigraphy and accelerometry.
Motor control
Motor Control (ISSN 1087-1640) is a peer-reviewed quarterly Human Kinetics journal, official journal of the International Society of Motor Control since 1997, publishing multidisciplinary research on human movement control and motor disorders; MEDLINE-indexed, 2024 impact factor 1.4.
Motor cortex
Motor cortex: frontal lobe region for voluntary movement, comprising primary motor cortex (M1, Brodmann area 4), premotor cortex, and supplementary motor area; somatotopic map, Betz cells, corticospinal output, discovered by Fritsch and Hitzig in 1870.
Motor evoked potential monitoring
Motor evoked potential (MEP) monitoring is a neurophysiological technique that records muscle responses to transcranial electrical or magnetic stimulation, providing near-real-time measurement of corticospinal tract integrity during surgery.
Motor Evoked Potentials
Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) are muscle or nerve responses to transcranial electrical or magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex, used for intraoperative motor pathway monitoring and diagnosing corticospinal tract disease.
Motor neuron
A motor neuron, also called an efferent neuron or motor nerve cell, carries command signals from the central nervous system to muscles and glands, forming the final common path.
Motor neuron diseases
Motor neuron diseases (MNDs) are progressive neurological disorders destroying upper and lower motor neurons, causing weakness, wasting, and fasciculations. Main types are ALS (80–90% of cases), progressive bulbar palsy, primary lateral sclerosis, and progressive muscular atrophy; ALS is usually fatal within 3–5 years.
Motor neuroprosthetics
Motor neuroprosthetics: devices restoring movement after stroke or spinal cord injury by stimulating muscles, nerves, spinal cord, or brain, or decoding brain signals (BCIs), from Liberson's 1961 foot-drop stimulator to Utah-array robotic arm control.
Motor skill
Motor skill: learned ability to perform movements efficiently, assessed by retention and transfer. Covers Fitts-Posner stages, contextual interference (random vs blocked practice, SMD 0.55), implicit vs explicit learning, and cortex-basal ganglia-cerebellum mechanisms.
Motor unit number estimation
Motor unit number estimation (MUNE), including MUNIX, MScanFit, and MPS variants, estimates the number of functioning motor units in a muscle from surface EMG, mainly to track lower motor neuron loss in ALS.
Motor-mediated vesicle transport
Motor-mediated vesicle transport is the active movement of vesicles and organelles along cytoskeletal tracks by motor proteins, with kinesin and dynein on microtubules and myosin on actin.
Motorized Mobility Scooter
Motorized mobility scooter: a seated, electric-motor vehicle for people with impaired mobility; three or four wheels, tiller steering; regulated as a medical device in the US and as a Personal Mobility Aid in Singapore.