Life and health

Movement protein

Movement protein: virus-encoded plant viral protein (MP; e.g., TMV 30K) that transports viral genomes cell to cell through plasmodesmata by gating channels; 30K superfamily evolved from jelly-roll capsid proteins.

Mowat-Wilson syndrome

Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS, Hirschsprung disease-intellectual disability syndrome) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder caused by ZEB2 (2q22.3) haploinsufficiency, with distinctive facies, moderate-to-severe intellectual disability, epilepsy, Hirschsprung disease, and congenital heart and genitourinary anomalies; prevalence about 1:50,000-70,000.

Mowi

Mowi, until 2018 called Marine Harvest, is a Norwegian seafood company based in Bergen that raises more farmed Atlantic salmon than any other company, harvesting 559,000 tonnes in 2025.

Moxetumomab pasudotox

Moxetumomab pasudotox (Lumoxiti, moxetumomab pasudotox-tdfk) is a CD22-directed recombinant immunotoxin fused to Pseudomonas PE38, FDA-approved September 13, 2018 for relapsed/refractory hairy cell leukemia, withdrawn from US and EU markets by 2023 for low uptake.

Moxibustion

Moxibustion (jiu, ai; moxa from Japanese mogusa) is a traditional Chinese medicine heat therapy burning mugwort (Artemisia argyi/vulgaris) on or above acupuncture points, used since about 500 BCE; best evidence is for turning breech babies.

Moxie

Moxie names several unrelated things: UCD Moxie, a UC Davis day-neutral strawberry cultivar; Moxie!, a Syngenta interspecific geranium series; MOXIE, the Mars 2020 oxygen experiment; and a South African magazine.

Moxifloxacin

Moxifloxacin (Avelox, Vigamox) is a fourth-generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic developed by Bayer, approved in 1999, inhibiting DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, given as 400 mg once daily for respiratory, skin, intra-abdominal infections, plague, and conjunctivitis.

Moxisylyte

Moxisylyte (thymoxamine, Opilon, Carlytene) is an α1-adrenergic antagonist vasodilator prodrug used for primary Raynaud's phenomenon and, by intracavernous injection, erectile dysfunction; withdrawn in France in 1993 for hepatotoxicity.

Moxonidine

Moxonidine, sold as Physiotens and Cynt, is a centrally acting antihypertensive that stimulates I1-imidazoline receptors in the brainstem; it is approved for mild to moderate hypertension.

Moyamoya disease

Moyamoya disease, a rare progressive cerebrovascular disorder causing bilateral intracranial carotid occlusion with puff-of-smoke collaterals; RNF213 p.R4810K susceptibility gene, Suzuki staging, DSA diagnosis, surgical revascularization treatment.

Mozavaptan

Mozavaptan (OPC-31260, Physuline, mozavaptan hydrochloride) is an oral non-peptide vasopressin V2 receptor antagonist (vaptan) developed by Otsuka; approved in Japan in 2006 as an orphan drug for hyponatremia in paraneoplastic SIADH.

MP-10 trial

MP-10 trial (NCT02739464): randomized multicenter UTMB study of daily 10-minute ergometer exercise added to standard care in patients aged 7-60 with over 30% TBSA burns; 77 enrolled, 2014-2020.

MPDU1-CDG

MPDU1-CDG (CDG-If, congenital disorder of glycosylation type If, OMIM 609180) is an ultra-rare autosomal recessive glycosylation disorder from MPDU1 gene mutations at 17p13.1, causing psychomotor delay, seizures, cardiomyopathy, and ichthyosis-like skin changes in neonates and infants.

MPFL reconstruction

Medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction is an orthopedic procedure rebuilding the ligament connecting the medial patella to the femur, typically with a tendon graft, to stabilize the kneecap after dislocation or recurrent instability.

MPI-CDG

MPI-CDG, formerly CDG-Ib, is a rare autosomal recessive congenital disorder of glycosylation causing liver and intestinal disease in infants, and it is treatable with oral mannose.

Mpox

Mpox (formerly monkeypox) is a viral disease caused by monkeypox virus, an orthopoxvirus. Spreads by close contact, causing fever, swollen lymph nodes, and a painful rash; two clades, global outbreaks since 2022.

Oct 15, 2026

MPP+

MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium), also known as Cyperquat, is the toxic metabolite of MPTP that destroys dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, causing parkinsonism in humans and primates.

MPZ

MPZ (myelin protein zero, P0, HGNC:7225) is the gene for the most abundant protein of peripheral nerve myelin; pathogenic variants cause Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1B, CMT2I/2J, and Dejerine-Sottas syndrome.

MR arthrogram

MR arthrogram is an MRI technique in which dilute gadolinium contrast is injected into a joint, mainly to evaluate labral tears, cartilage defects, and rotator cuff lesions.

MR arthrography

MR arthrography is a musculoskeletal imaging technique in which contrast material is injected directly into a joint before MRI, most often for the shoulder, hip, and wrist.

Mr Blobby (fish)

Mr Blobby is a preserved Psychrolutes microporos blobfish specimen, AMS I.42771-001, trawled at 1013–1340 m on the 2003 NORFANZ expedition; its 2003 photo made it the world's 'ugliest animal' of 2013.

MR elastography

MR elastography (MRE) is an MRI technique that measures soft tissue stiffness in kilopascals by imaging shear waves from mechanical vibration, and is a clinical standard for staging liver fibrosis.

MR enterography

MR enterography is an MRI examination of the small bowel in which the patient drinks oral contrast to distend it, used mainly to diagnose and stage Crohn's disease.

MR sialography

MR sialography, or magnetic resonance sialography, is a noninvasive MRI technique that images salivary gland ducts without contrast or radiation, first described by D. J. Lomas and colleagues in 1996.

MR-guided radiation therapy

MR-guided radiation therapy (MRgRT) is a radiotherapy technique that places an MRI scanner in the treatment room, enabling real-time tumor tracking, gating, and daily online plan adaptation.

MRC-5

MRC-5 is a human diploid cell line of lung fibroblasts derived in 1966, used as a substrate for producing viral vaccines and for isolating viruses from clinical specimens.

Oct 20, 2026

mRCAT-C trial

mRCAT-C (NCT06594692) is a phase II randomized trial at Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital testing node-sparing short-course radiotherapy plus CAPOX and sintilimab versus CAPOX alone as neoadjuvant therapy for MSS locally advanced colon cancer; primary endpoint pCR, 140 patients.