72,234 articles
Chamaerops humilis
Chamaerops humilis, European fan palm or Mediterranean dwarf palm, the sole species of the palm genus Chamaerops; a clustering fan palm native to the western and central Mediterranean, IUCN Least Concern.
Chambered nautilus
Chambered nautilus (Nautilus pompilius), an Indo-Pacific cephalopod with a coiled chambered shell used for buoyancy and jet propulsion. Threatened by shell-trade overfishing; ESA-threatened 2018, CITES Appendix II 2017; 15–20 year lifespan, over 90 suckerless tentacles.
Chamelea gallina
Chamelea gallina (striped venus clam, chirla) is a small venerid bivalve of Mediterranean and eastern Atlantic coastal sands, 2–12 m deep, supporting a major Adriatic hydraulic-dredge fishery with a 25 mm minimum size.
Chameleon
Chameleon (family Chamaeleonidae): arboreal African and Malagasy lizards with independently moving eyes, projectile tongues, zygodactylous feet, and guanine-nanocrystal color change; 37% of assessed species threatened, heavily traded as pets.
Chamois
Chamois (Rupicapra), goat-antelopes of European and Near Eastern mountains, comprise two species, northern R. rupicapra and southern R. pyrenaica, with ten subspecies; horned, sure-footed, hunted, mostly Least Concern but some subspecies threatened.
Chamomile
Chamomile, chiefly German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) and Roman chamomile (Chamaemelum nobile), is a medicinal herb used in teas and extracts since antiquity; evidence is strongest but still preliminary for generalized anxiety disorder, and it is likely safe in tea amounts.
CHAMPION trial (NCT01156571)
CHAMPION PHOENIX (NCT01156571), part of the CHAMPION cangrelor trials, was a phase 3 randomized trial of intravenous cangrelor versus clopidogrel in 11,145 PCI patients, reducing ischemic events and stent thrombosis without excess severe bleeding.
Chana A. Sacks
Chana A. Sacks is an American general internist and health policy researcher at Massachusetts General Hospital, co-director of its Center for Gun Violence Prevention and editor-in-chief of NEJM Evidence since 2024.
CHANCE trial
CHANCE (Clopidogrel in High-Risk Patients with Acute Nondisabling Cerebrovascular Events), NCT00979589: Chinese randomized trial of 5,170 patients testing clopidogrel plus aspirin versus aspirin alone within 24 hours of minor stroke or high-risk TIA.
CHANCE-2 trial
CHANCE-2 (NCT04078737) was a 202-center Chinese randomized trial showing ticagrelor-aspirin beat clopidogrel-aspirin for 90-day stroke prevention (6.0% vs 7.6%) in CYP2C19 loss-of-function carriers with minor stroke or TIA.
Chancre
A chancre is the painless, firm ulcer marking the primary stage of syphilis, caused by Treponema pallidum, appearing about 3 weeks after exposure at the site of infection.
Chancroid
Chancroid, also called soft chancre (ulcus molle), is a sexually transmitted genital ulcer disease caused by Haemophilus ducreyi, marked by painful genital ulcers and inguinal buboes, treated with single-dose azithromycin or ceftriaxone, and now rare worldwide.
CHAND syndrome
CHAND syndrome (curly hair–ankyloblepharon–nail dysplasia syndrome, CHANDS, OMIM 214350) is a rare autosomal recessive ectodermal dysplasia caused by RIPK4 variants, distinguished from p63-related AEC syndrome by its triad and variable ataxia.
Chandelier Tree
Chandelier Tree, or Chandelier Drive-Thru Tree, is a coast redwood in Leggett, California, with a 1937 tunnel cut through its base; one of three remaining drive-through redwoods, family-owned in Underwood Park since 1922.
Chandler McCuskey Brooks
Chandler McCuskey Brooks (1905–1989) was an American physiologist known for research on the nervous and endocrine systems and heart electrophysiology, and for early pacemaker research.
Chandonium iodide (candocuronium iodide)
Chandonium iodide, now candocuronium iodide (HS-310), is an Indian-developed aminosteroid non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker synthesized at Panjab University with CSIR-CDRI in 1974, clinically trialed against pancuronium, histamine-sparing, but commercially abandoned.
Chandra Jackson
Chandra Jackson is an American environmental epidemiologist and NIH Earl Stadtman Investigator who studies how light, temperature, noise, and stress shape sleep and cardiometabolic health disparities.
Chandra P. Belani
Chandra P. Belani is a medical oncologist specializing in lung cancer, known for large phase III trials in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer, including the 2009 Lancet maintenance pemetrexed study.
Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (長庚紀念醫院), Taiwan's largest hospital network, founded by Formosa Plastics' Wang family; 10 branches, 11,360 beds, Asia's first proton therapy center, and a Xiamen branch in China.
Chang Liver
Chang Liver is a human cell line established in 1954 by R. Shihman Chang and long used as a liver model, later shown to be a HeLa derivative.
Changchun Institute trivalent influenza vaccine (split virion, inactivated)
Changchun Institute trivalent influenza vaccine (split virion, inactivated), Influenza Vaccine (Split Virion), Inactivated, IIV3: WHO-prequalified 20 October 2023 seasonal influenza vaccine by Changchun Institute of Biological Products, China, for ages 3 years and older.
Change in bowel habit
Change in bowel habit (altered bowel habit): any alteration in stool frequency, consistency, or form; ICD-11 ME05, ICD-10 R19.4. Cardinal IBS symptom and colorectal cancer red flag prompting FIT and calprotectin testing.
Changes in skin texture
Changes in skin texture (ICD-10-CM R23.4; ICD-11 ME66.1) is a nonspecific clinical sign of thickening, scaling, induration, or roughness without a confirmed skin diagnosis, coded only when no underlying condition explains it.
Changfu Wu
Changfu Wu is a bioengineer at the FDA's Center for Devices and Radiological Health who reviews heart valve and ventricular assist devices, elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 2025.
Changma Xifeng granules
Changma Xifeng granules (菖麻熄风颗粒), a Class 2.2 improved Chinese medicine by Heilongjiang Jiren Pharmaceutical approved in 2025 for mild-to-moderate pediatric tic disorder of the liver wind with phlegm pattern; granule form of Changma Xifeng tablets.
Channa
Channa (Asian snakeheads) is a genus of air-breathing freshwater predatory fish of family Channidae, native from Iran and South Asia to Siberia and Southeast Asia, with about 47 valid species in eight species groups and an African sister genus Parachanna.
Channa striata
Channa striata, the striped snakehead or snakehead murrel (haruan), is an air-breathing freshwater predator fish of Channidae native from Pakistan to southeast Asia, cultured widely, IUCN Least Concern, a species complex.
Channel catfish
Channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), North American ictalurid catfish with spotted body, rounded 24–29-ray anal fin, forked tail; native Canada to Mexico, dominant US farm-raised catfish, hybridized with blue catfish in aquaculture.
Channel catfish virus
Channel catfish virus, formally Ictalurid herpesvirus 1, is a herpesvirus that causes an acute hemorrhagic disease of young channel catfish, killing up to 100% of fry.
Channel-billed toucan
Channel-billed toucan (Ramphastos vitellinus), a large black South American lowland toucan named for a groove on its bill; croaking voice, white-to-orange throat, four subspecies, IUCN Least Concern but declining from Amazon deforestation.