72,234 articles
Clambake
Clambake: New England method of steaming clams, lobster, corn and potatoes over seaweed on hot rocks in a beach pit, plus the kettle-cooked shore dinner sold under its name; indigenous coastal origins, Rhode Island chouriço variant.
Clamoxyquin
Clamoxyquin (clamoxyquine, CI 433, PAA 3854), an 8-hydroxyquinoline antiamebic and antidiarrheal drug from the mid-1950s, used in veterinary medicine against Myxobolus cerebralis in salmonids; obsolete, not approved in UK or EU.
Clanga
Clanga is a genus of medium-sized eagles in the family Accipitridae known as the spotted eagles, comprising the Greater, Lesser, and Indian Spotted Eagles, formerly placed in Aquila.
Clangula
Clangula (Leach, 1819) is a monotypic sea duck genus of Anatidae holding only the long-tailed duck, Clangula hyemalis, formerly oldsquaw; IUCN Vulnerable, decreasing, 6.2-6.8 million mature individuals.
CLAPO syndrome
CLAPO syndrome, also known as Lopez-Gutierrez syndrome, is a rare vascular malformation condition first described in 2008, caused by PIK3CA mutations and marked by lower lip and lymphatic malformations with overgrowth.
Clara Barton
Clara Barton (Clarissa Harlowe Barton, 1821-1912), Civil War nurse known as the Angel of the Battlefield, founded the American Red Cross on May 21, 1881, led it 23 years, ran the Missing Soldiers Office, and pioneered peacetime disaster relief.
Clara Camaschella
Clara Camaschella is an Italian physician-scientist in hematology known for work on iron metabolism, from hereditary hemochromatosis genetics to discovering the genetic basis of iron-refractory iron deficiency anemia.
Clara D. Bloomfield
Clara D. Bloomfield (1942–2020), born Clara Derber, was an American oncologist who led Ohio State's cancer center and made chromosome changes the basis for treating adult acute leukemia.
Clara Franzini-Armstrong
Clara Franzini-Armstrong is an Italian-born American cell biologist, emeritus professor at the University of Pennsylvania, elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1995, known for electron microscopy of muscle.
Clara K Chow
Clara K Chow is an Australian cardiologist and clinical trialist, Professor of Medicine at the University of Sydney, best known for leading the quadpill hypertension trials.
Clara Menéndez
Clara Menéndez is a Spanish physician-scientist at ISGlobal, Barcelona, known for research on malaria in pregnancy and for helping found the Manhiça Health Research Centre in Mozambique.
Claraia
Claraia, extinct Early Triassic bivalve genus (Pterinopectinidae) and cosmopolitan disaster taxon after the end-Permian extinction; C. wangi is an earliest Triassic index fossil; dysoxia-tolerant, rapidly diversifying, with post-extinction body size increase.
Clare M. Lloyd
Clare M. Lloyd is a British respiratory immunologist at Imperial College London who studies childhood asthma and was elected a Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences in 2019.
Clare M. Waterman
Clare M. Waterman, also published as Clare M. Waterman-Storer, is an American cell biologist and NIH Distinguished Investigator who invented fluorescence speckle microscopy for tracking proteins in living cells.
Clare Turnbull
Clare Turnbull is a British clinical geneticist and Professor of Translational Cancer Genetics at the Institute of Cancer Research, known for identifying most inherited testicular cancer risk variants.
Clarence A. Ryan
Clarence A. Ryan, known as Bud Ryan, was an American plant biochemist at Washington State University who discovered systemin, the first peptide hormone known in plants.
Clarence Cook Little
Clarence Cook Little (1888–1971) was an American mammalian geneticist who founded The Jackson Laboratory in Bar Harbor, Maine, and developed the DBA and C57BL inbred mouse strains.
Clarence Crafoord
Clarence Crafoord (1899–1984) was a Swedish thoracic surgeon who performed the first successful repair of coarctation of the aorta and introduced heparin into clinical surgery.
Clarence Erwin McClung
Clarence Erwin McClung (1870–1946) was an American cytologist and zoologist who proposed the first chromosomal hypothesis of sex determination, identifying the X chromosome as the carrier of a hereditary trait.
Clarence J. Gibbs
Clarence J. Gibbs (1924–2001) was an American virologist at the National Institutes of Health who transmitted kuru and Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease to chimpanzees, helping define the subacute spongiform encephalopathies.
Clarias anguillaris
Clarias anguillaris (mudfish), an African airbreathing catfish (Clariidae) described by Linnaeus in 1758 and type species of Clarias; freshwater fish of the Nile, Chad, Niger, Senegal, and Volta systems, used in fisheries and aquaculture, IUCN Least Concern.
Clarias gariepinus
Clarias gariepinus, the North African or sharptooth catfish (African magur), an air-breathing clariid catfish native to almost all of Africa and Asia Minor, a leading tropical aquaculture species, widely introduced and invasive, IUCN Least Concern.
Clariidae
Clariidae (airbreathing or walking catfishes) is a Siluriformes family of 16 genera and 118 species across Africa, the Middle East, and Asia, defined by a suprabranchial organ for atmospheric respiration and convergent eel-like body forms.
Clarithromycin
Clarithromycin (Biaxin, A-56268, TE-031), a semisynthetic 14-membered macrolide antibiotic derived from erythromycin by Taisho Pharmaceutical, approved in the US in 1991; binds the 50S ribosomal subunit, dosed twice daily, strong CYP3A4 inhibitor with QT-prolongation risk.
CLARITY trial
CLARITY (CLAdRIbine Tablets treating multiple sclerosis orallY), NCT00213135: 96-week phase 3 double-blind placebo-controlled trial of oral cladribine tablets in 1,326 relapsing-remitting MS patients; relapse rate 0.14 vs 0.33, main adverse event lymphopenia.
Clark D. West
Clark D. West (1918–2014) was an American pediatric nephrologist at Cincinnati Children's Hospital who pioneered complement research in kidney disease and led its nephrology division for 36 years.
Clark-Baraitser syndrome
Clark-Baraitser syndrome is a rare genetic disorder caused by TRIP12 gene variants, marked by intellectual disability, obesity, macrocephaly, and autistic-like behavior, inherited in an autosomal dominant manner.
Class (biology)
Class (biology): taxonomic rank between phylum and order in Linnaean classification; examples Mammalia, Aves, Insecta, Magnoliopsida. Introduced by Tournefort (1694), formalized by Linnaeus; 352 classes in Catalogue of Life 2018; contested under phylogenetic and PhyloCode systems.
Class I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases
Class I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are enzymes that charge transfer RNAs with amino acids, defined by a Rossmann fold carrying the HIGH and KMSKS motifs; they attach 11 of the 22 coded amino acids.
Class I diterpene synthases
Class I diterpene synthases are enzymes that initiate diterpene biosynthesis by metal-dependent ionization of GGPP or CPP, occurring in plants and bacteria and including taxadiene synthase.