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Life and health

72,234 articles

Clinical interview

A clinical interview is a conversational assessment method in which a trained interviewer questions a respondent about symptoms and life circumstances to arrive at psychiatric diagnoses.

Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments

The Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) are US federal statutes passed in 1988 that set quality standards for clinical laboratory testing on human specimens such as blood and tissue.

Clinical lycanthropy

Clinical lycanthropy is a rare delusional syndrome of believing one turns into a wolf, a wolf-specific form of zoanthropy; about 43 cases reported 1852–2020, mainly within schizophrenia, psychotic depression, and bipolar disorder.

Clinical manifestations of schistosomiasis

The clinical manifestations of schistosomiasis range from asymptomatic infection and acute Katayama fever to chronic intestinal, urogenital, hepatic, and neurological disease caused by reactions to deposited eggs.

Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

Clinical Microbiology and Infection (CMI), ESCMID's official monthly journal founded 1995, published by Elsevier, ISSN 1198-743X; publishes infectious disease and clinical microbiology research, guidelines, Q1-ranked, impact factor reported between 8.7 and 14.2.

Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology

Clinical Neurophysiology (ISSN 1388-2457) is the official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology, published by Elsevier since 1949, formerly Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, covering research on nervous system pathophysiology.

Clinical Opioid Withdrawal Scale

The Clinical Opioid Withdrawal Scale (COWS) is an 11-item clinician-rated scale measuring opioid withdrawal severity, introduced by Wesson and Ling in 2003 and used to time buprenorphine treatment.

Clinical pathway

A clinical pathway, also known as a critical pathway or integrated care pathway, is a structured multidisciplinary plan of care standardizing diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring for a specific condition.

Clinical pharmacokinetics

Clinical pharmacokinetics: applying drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) principles to patient care and drug development; basis of therapeutic drug monitoring and model-informed precision dosing.

Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (CPT), founded 1960 by Walter Modell, is the monthly flagship journal of ASCPT, published by Wiley since 2015, covering therapeutics, pharmacokinetics, pharmacogenomics, and drug evaluation.

Clinical prediction rule

A clinical prediction rule, also called a clinical decision rule, combines three or more predictors from history, examination, or simple tests to estimate diagnosis, prognosis, or treatment decisions for individual patients.

Clinical presentation and diagnosis of bradyarrhythmia

Bradyarrhythmia is an abnormally slow heart rhythm, below 60 beats per minute, caused by sinus node dysfunction or AV block, diagnosed by correlating symptoms with ECG findings.

Clinical presentation of brain tumors

The clinical presentation of brain tumors is the symptoms and signs an intracranial mass produces, including headache, seizures, raised intracranial pressure, and focal deficits that reflect the tumor's location.

Clinical psychology review

Clinical Psychology Review (Clin Psychol Rev, ISSN 0272-7358) is an Elsevier review journal founded in 1981, publishing syntheses of clinical psychology research; 2025 impact factor about 11.2, ranked second in its category.

Clinical radiology

Clinical radiology: the imaging-based medical specialty, and the monthly Elsevier journal (ISSN 0009-9260, since 1960, formerly Journal of the Faculty of Radiologists) of the UK Royal College of Radiologists.

Clinical Relevance

Clinical relevance (clinical significance, clinical importance): criteria for whether a finding or treatment effect is large enough to matter for patient care, distinct from statistical significance; anchored by MCID, smallest worthwhile effect, and GRADE decision thresholds.

Clinical research

Clinical research studies people, their data, or tissue samples to understand health and disease. Covers observational studies and clinical trials, NIH trial definition, ICH E6(R3) GCP, ClinicalTrials.gov registration, and RCT versus observational evidence.

Clinical staging

Clinical staging is the classification of a cancer's extent by tumor size, lymph node involvement, and metastasis, using the TNM system, assigned before any definitive treatment to guide therapy and predict survival.

Clinical symptom

Clinical symptom: a subjective indication of disease felt and reported by the patient (pain, nausea, fatigue), contrasted with the objective clinical sign; classified in ICD-10-CM R00-R99 and ICD-11 Chapter 21.

Clinical transplantation

Clinical Transplantation (Clin Transplant) is a bimonthly peer-reviewed transplantation journal founded in 1987 in Copenhagen, now published online-only by Wiley, edited by Ron Shapiro, indexed in MEDLINE and Scopus (Q2).

Clinical trial

Clinical trial: a prospective study assigning human participants to health-related interventions (drugs, devices, behavioral treatments) to evaluate health outcomes; includes randomized controlled trials, phases I to IV, registration, and decentralized designs.

Clinical trial simulation

Clinical trial simulation is a modeling method in which virtual patients are generated, treated, and followed on a computer to predict how a planned trial would perform.

Clinical Trials Registry-India

The Clinical Trials Registry-India (CTRI) is a free, public registry of clinical trials conducted in India, launched in 2007 and managed by the ICMR in New Delhi.

Clinical variant galactosemia

Clinical variant galactosemia, also called variant galactosemia, is a GALT deficiency phenotype with 1-10% residual enzyme activity, often from the S135L variant, neonatal onset, autosomal recessive inheritance, and a better treated outlook than classic galactosemia.

ClinicalTrials.gov

ClinicalTrials.gov is a public website and database of clinical research studies and their results, maintained by the National Library of Medicine at the National Institutes of Health, launched in 2000 and listing over 604,000 studies worldwide.

Clinodactyly

Clinodactyly: congenital sideways curvature of a finger, usually the little finger, caused by a wedge-shaped middle phalanx; common in Down syndrome; treated by observation or osteotomy when curvature exceeds 30 degrees.

Clinodactyly of toes

Clinodactyly of toes (ICD-11 LB81.0, HPO HP:0001863) is a congenital curvature of a toe toward the big toe, caused by an asymmetric C-shaped physis or delta phalanx; usually cosmetic, rarely operated.

Clinoidectomy

Clinoidectomy, more precisely anterior clinoidectomy, is a neurosurgical operation that drills away the anterior clinoid process of the sphenoid bone to expose the paraclinoid internal carotid artery.

Clint Chapple

Clint Chapple is a Canadian-born American plant biochemist at Purdue University known for his research on lignin biosynthesis and elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 2022.

Clinton Chapple

Clinton Chapple, also known as Clint Chapple, is an American plant biochemist at Purdue University whose research on lignin biosynthesis led to his 2022 election to the National Academy of Sciences.