72,234 articles
Deceptor spp.
Deceptor Seidenf. is a monotypic orchid genus (Orchidaceae, Aeridinae) endemic to Vietnam, published by Seidenfaden in 1992; its sole species, Deceptor bidoupensis, is an endangered epiphyte from the Bidoup massif.
DECHEMA
DECHEMA, the Society for Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, is a German non-profit professional society founded in 1926, headquartered in Frankfurt am Main, and organizer of the ACHEMA trade fair.
Decidua
Decidua: the progesterone-transformed endometrium of pregnancy, divided into basalis, capsularis, and parietalis; key regions, decidualization biology, immune tolerance, and links to miscarriage, preeclampsia, and placenta accreta.
Decidual protein, progesterone induced
DEPP1 (DEPP, FIG, C10orf10), decidual protein induced by progesterone, is a 212-aa human chromosome 10 protein induced by progesterone, fasting, and hypoxia via FOXO/HIF; it localizes to mitochondria and peroxisomes and regulates autophagy, ELK1 signaling, and muscle atrophy.
Deciduous
Deciduous: plants or plant parts shed at a particular season, especially trees losing all leaves annually before winter or the dry season, contrasted with evergreen; involves abscission zones, photoperiod and temperature cues, and drought or freezing avoidance.
Deciduous forest
Deciduous forest: forests whose dominant trees shed all leaves seasonally, in temperate winters or tropical dry seasons; Northern Hemisphere temperate deciduous broadleaf biome, its phenology, understory light, and climate responses.
Deciduous teeth
Deciduous teeth (primary, baby, or milk teeth): the 20-tooth first human dentition, erupting from about 6 months, shed between ages 6 and 12 via physiological root resorption, and replaced by permanent successors.
DECIST trial
DECIST (Dapagliflozin Effect in Cognitive Impairment in Stroke Trial), NCT05565976, a phase 2/3 randomized trial at Universidad de Guanajuato, Mexico, testing 12 months of dapagliflozin 10 mg daily on cognition after ischemic stroke; 270 planned participants, no results posted.
Decitabine
Decitabine, first synthesized in 1964, is a hypomethylating chemotherapy drug used for myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia, given intravenously as Dacogen or orally with cedazuridine as Inqovi.
Declan McGuone
Declan McGuone is an Irish-trained neuropathologist and Associate Professor of Pathology at Yale School of Medicine, known for NEJM case records and a rabies incubation study.
Declawing of crabs
Declawing of crabs: removing claws from live crabs (stone crab, Jonah crab, edible crab) and returning them to regenerate. Mortality 51-70%, regenerated claws only 3% of stone crab landings; banned only in some US states.
Decline in amphibian populations
Decline in amphibian populations: worldwide drop in frog, salamander, and caecilian numbers since the late 1950s, driven by habitat loss, chytridiomycosis (Bd, Bsal), and climate change; 40.7% of species threatened.
Decomposer
Decomposer: organisms, chiefly fungi and bacteria plus soil fauna, that break down dead organic matter and recycle nutrients. Fungi drive rate-limiting lignin breakdown; bacteria also degrade lignin and cellulose.
Decomposition
Decomposition is the process by which dead organisms' organic remains are broken down, recycling carbon and nutrients, with bacteria and fungi doing about 90% of the work.
Decompression
Decompression (decompression staging, decompression sickness prevention): controlled pressure reduction after diving or caisson work, governed by Haldanian and bubble models such as Bühlmann ZHL-16C, validated against DCS outcomes.
Decompression surgery
Decompression surgery is an operation that relieves pressure on spinal nerves or the spinal cord by removing bone, ligament, or disc material, used mainly for lumbar spinal stenosis and herniated discs.
Decompressive craniectomy
Decompressive craniectomy is a neurosurgical operation in which part of the skull is removed to lower intracranial pressure, mainly for severe stroke, brain swelling, and traumatic brain injury.
Decompressive hemicraniectomy
Decompressive hemicraniectomy is a neurosurgical operation that removes a large bone flap from one side of the skull to relieve pressure, used mainly for severe stroke and traumatic brain injury.
Decongestant
Decongestants, also called nasal decongestants, are vasoconstrictor medicines (pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine, oxymetazoline, xylometazoline) that relieve stuffy nose; topical use is limited to 5 days to avoid rebound congestion and rhinitis medicamentosa, and oral phenylephrine was found ineffective by FDA advisers.
Decortication
Decortication is a thoracic surgical procedure that removes the thick fibrous peel encasing a restricted lung so it can re-expand, used for organized empyema, trapped lung, and hemothorax.
Decoy death receptors
Decoy death receptors are TNF receptor superfamily members, such as DcR1 and DcR2, that bind death ligands like TRAIL but cannot trigger apoptosis because they lack a functional death domain.
Decreased appetite
Decreased appetite (anorexia, ICD-11 MG43.8) is reduced desire to eat, distinct from anorexia nervosa. Caused by illness, cancer, drugs, and emotions; affects about 29% of older adults and 60-80% of cancer patients.
Decreased libido
Decreased libido, reduced sexual desire; persistent distressed forms are hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD, ICD-11 MB22.1, ICD-10-CM R68.82). Causes include medications, hormones, depression; treated with CBT, flibanserin, bremelanotide, testosterone.
Decreased white blood cell count
Decreased white blood cell count, or leukopenia, is a lower-than-normal blood leukocyte level (adults often <3,500-4,000/mcL), usually from neutropenia. Causes include drugs, chemotherapy, infection, marrow disease, and benign ethnic neutropenia; fever with agranulocytosis is an emergency.
Dedicator of cytokinesis
Dedicator of cytokinesis (DOCK) proteins, also called Dock180-family proteins, are 11 human atypical guanine nucleotide exchange factors in four subfamilies (A–D) that activate CDC42 and RAC1 via DHR2 catalytic domains with an invariant nucleotide sensor valine.
Dedifferentiation
Dedifferentiation: differentiated cells revert to a less differentiated state within their own lineage and regain proliferative capacity. Key mechanism of salamander limb, zebrafish heart, and Schwann cell regeneration; distinct from transdifferentiation and reprogramming; can also drive pathology such as chondrocyte loss in osteoarthritis.
Dedre Gentner
Dedre Gentner is an American cognitive and developmental psychologist, the Alice Gabrielle Twight Professor at Northwestern University, known for structure-mapping theory of analogy and the career of metaphor account of metaphor processing.
Dee E. Fenner
Dee E. Fenner is an American urogynecologist who chairs Obstetrics and Gynecology at the University of Michigan and was elected to the National Academy of Medicine in 2025.
Deep biosphere
Deep biosphere: microbial ecosystems living below continental surfaces and the seafloor in permanent darkness, from South African mines to oceanic gyre sediments. Cells metabolize up to a millionfold slower than surface organisms; estimates place 12–45% of Earth's microbial biomass underground.
Deep brain stimulation
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is neurosurgical implantation of electrodes and a pacemaker-like neurostimulator to treat Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, dystonia, OCD, and epilepsy; FDA-approved since 1997, with the first adaptive closed-loop system approved in February 2025.