72,234 articles
Dingjing Decoction
定经汤 (Dingjing decoction), a Qing-dynasty TCM formula from Fu Qingzhu's Obstetrics and Gynecology for irregular menstruation from liver stagnation with kidney deficiency; eight herbs, decoction, now used for PCOS and intermenstrual bleeding.
Dingo
The dingo (Warrigal, Australian Native Dog) is a free-ranging canid found mainly in Australia, descended from domestic dogs that arrived from Southeast Asia several thousand years ago. It is Australia's largest mammalian carnivore.
Dingo Fence
Dingo Fence (Dog Fence, Wild Dog Barrier Fence): 5,614 km pest-exclusion fence from southeast Queensland to Fowlers Bay, South Australia, keeping dingoes out of sheep country; proposed 1948, completed late 1950s, with documented ecological effects.
Dinitramine
Dinitramine (Cobex, USB 3584), CAS 29091-05-2, is a dinitroaniline pre-emergence herbicide inhibiting microtubule assembly; cancelled in the US and not EU-approved, with soil half-lives of 10–150 days and high aquatic bioconcentration potential.
Dinitrogenase reductase ADP-ribosyltransferase
Dinitrogenase reductase ADP-ribosyltransferase (DRAT, DraT, EC 2.4.2.37) is a 30 kDa bacterial enzyme that switches off nitrogenase by ADP-ribosylating Arg101 of the Fe protein, reversed by DraG; studied in Rhodospirillum rubrum and Azospirillum brasilense.
Dino Moras
Dino Moras, born 1944, is a French structural biologist and CNRS research director at the IGBMC in Strasbourg, known for crystallographic studies of transfer RNA and nuclear hormone receptors.
Dinobuton
Dinobuton (OMS 1056; Acrex, Dessin), CAS 973-21-7, is a dinitrophenol acaricide and fungicide developed in the UK in 1960, an oxidative phosphorylation uncoupler, now banned in the EU and UK.
Dinocap
Dinocap (Karathane) is a dinitrophenol contact fungicide and miticide, a mixture of dinitrooctylphenyl crotonates used since the mid-1950s against powdery mildews; cancelled in the US (2002) and not EU/UK approved, with meptyldinocap as successor.
Dinocyst
A dinocyst, or dinoflagellate cyst, is the thick-walled resting stage of certain dinoflagellates, preserved in sediments for hundreds of millions of years and widely used in oil exploration and paleoceanography.
Dinoflagellate
Dinoflagellates (Dinoflagellata) are unicellular, two-flagellated eukaryotic algae and protists, major marine phytoplankton, coral symbionts (Symbiodiniaceae), and causes of red tides, with a Triassic-to-recent fossil cyst record.
Dinoflagellate bioluminescence
Dinoflagellate bioluminescence is the blue light produced by certain single-celled marine dinoflagellates when disturbed, created in organelles called scintillons and brightest at night; Pyrodinium bahamense makes the famous bioluminescent bays of Jamaica and Puerto Rico.
Dinoflagellate cell biology and ultrastructure
Dinoflagellate cell biology and ultrastructure covers the cell covering, the dinokaryon with permanently condensed, histone-poor chromosomes, closed mitosis, flagella, and extrusive organelles of these marine single-celled eukaryotes.
Dinoflagellate luciferase
Dinoflagellate luciferase (LCF) is the pH-activated enzyme behind dinoflagellate bioluminescence, a three-domain ~135 kDa protein oxidizing a chlorophyll-like tetrapyrrole luciferin to emit ~475 nm blue flashes, also used as a mammalian reporter enzyme.
Dinoflagellate viruses
Dinoflagellate viruses are viruses that infect dinoflagellates, marine and freshwater unicellular eukaryotes. For about two decades only two were cultured, both infecting the shellfish-killing Heterocapsa circularisquama.
Dinomischus
Dinomischus is a genus of stalked, sessile Cambrian filter-feeding animals, type species D. isolatus from the Burgess Shale (Conway Morris, 1977), with a goblet-shaped calyx, bracts, and debated affinities (entoproct-like, stem-ctenophore, or cnidarian).
Dinornis
Dinornis, the giant moa genus of New Zealand, contains two extinct flightless ratite species, D. novaezealandiae and D. robustus, named by Richard Owen in 1843, famous for extreme reversed sexual size dimorphism and extinction by overhunting around 600 years ago.
Dinosaur
Dinosaur (Dinosauria): clade of reptiles coined by Richard Owen in 1842, defined as all descendants of the common ancestor of Triceratops and the house sparrow; includes birds, dominated land for 140+ million years until the 66-million-year-old extinction.
Dinosaur size
Dinosaur size: sauropod titanosaurs were the largest land animals ever, with Patagotitan (57 t, 37.5 m) and Argentinosaurus (about 70–80 t) as leading candidates; smallest feathered dinosaurs weighed under 1 kg.
Dinoseb, its acetate and salts
Dinoseb (2-sec-butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol, CAS 88-85-7; acetate CAS 2813-95-8) is a dinitrophenol contact herbicide with amine, sodium, and ammonium salts, an oxidative phosphorylation uncoupler, emergency-suspended by EPA in 1986 and listed under the Rotterdam Convention.
Dinotefuran
Dinotefuran (MTI-446, CAS 165252-70-0) is a third-generation nitroguanidine neonicotinoid insecticide from Mitsui Chemicals, acting on insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors; registered in the US in 2004 and EU-approved as a PT18 biocide, highly toxic to adult bees but of low mammalian acute toxicity.
Dinshaw Patel
Dinshaw J. Patel, born 1942, is an Indian-born American structural biologist at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center since 1992, known for RNA silencing, CRISPR-Cas, and cGAS-STING research.
DINUP trial
DINUP (Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 Inhibition and Narrow-band Ultraviolet-B light in Psoriasis) was a 39-week, single-centre Irish randomized trial in which sitagliptin plus NB-UVB modestly improved psoriasis severity versus phototherapy alone in 118 patients without type 2 diabetes.
Dinutuximab
Dinutuximab (Unituxin, also called ch14.18) is a monoclonal antibody targeting GD2 on neuroblastoma cells, approved by the FDA in March 2015 as the first therapy for high-risk disease.
Diogenes syndrome
Diogenes syndrome, also called senile squalor, is a neurobehavioral syndrome of severe self-neglect, domestic squalor, hoarding, lack of shame, and refusal of help, named by Clark et al. in 1975 and not listed in DSM-5 or ICD-10.
DIOGENES trial
DiOGenes (Diet, Obesity and Genes) trial, NCT00390637: pan-European randomized trial in eight countries testing high vs low protein and glycemic index ad libitum diets for weight-loss maintenance; higher protein reduced regain.
Diol dehydratase-reactivating factor large subunit
PduG, the diol dehydratase-reactivating factor large subunit (also DdrA), is the alpha subunit of an ATP- and Mg2+-dependent reactivase that restores B12-dependent diol dehydratase PduCDE after suicide inactivation in bacterial Pdu microcompartments.
Diomedea
Diomedea (great albatrosses) is a Linnaean 1758 genus of six Southern Ocean albatross species, including the wandering, Amsterdam, Tristan, Antipodean, and royal albatrosses, threatened mainly by longline bycatch.
Diomedes E. Logothetis
Diomedes E. Logothetis is a physiologist and pharmacologist at Northeastern University known for showing that G protein βγ subunits activate the cardiac muscarinic K+ channel.
Dionna Williams
Dionna Williams is an American neuroscientist and pharmacologist, Associate Professor at Emory University School of Medicine, studying how HIV and drugs of abuse damage the brain.
Dionne quintuplets
Dionne quintuplets: Yvonne, Annette, Cécile, Émilie, and Marie Dionne, identical girls born May 28, 1934 in Corbeil, Ontario, the first quintuplets known to survive infancy, displayed as Quintland tourists attractions and exploited by the Ontario government.