72,234 articles
Gynandroblastoma
Gynandroblastoma, a rare mixed ovarian sex cord-stromal tumor with both granulosa cell (female) and Sertoli-Leydig (male) differentiation; under 1% of sex cord tumors, often DICER1-mutated, FOXL2-wild-type, usually benign.
Gynecologic laparoscopy
Gynecologic laparoscopy is a minimally invasive surgical technique in which a laparoscope and instruments are inserted through small abdominal incisions to diagnose and treat conditions of the female reproductive organs.
Gynecologic oncology
Gynecologic oncology is the medical subspecialty devoted to cancers of the female reproductive tract, including the cervix, endometrium, fallopian tubes, ovaries, uterus, and vagina. Its practitioners complete fellowship training after obstetrics and gynecology residency.
Gynecologic Oncology Group
Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG), also GOG Foundation, Inc.: American NCI cooperative group founded 1970 for gynecologic cancer trials; landmark trials GOG-33, GOG-111, GOG-0218, GOG-240; successor entities GOG Foundation and NRG Oncology.
Gynecologic Surgical Procedures
Gynecologic surgical procedures are operations on the female genitalia (MeSH D013509), spanning hysterectomy, myomectomy, ovariectomy, and hysteroscopy, performed open, vaginally, laparoscopically, robotically, or via vNOTES.
Gynecomastia
Gynecomastia is benign enlargement of male breast glandular tissue from estrogen excess, androgen deficiency, or drugs, peaking in neonates, puberty, and older men; treated by addressing causes, tamoxifen for recent cases, or surgery.
Gynerium sagittatum
Gynerium sagittatum (wild cane, caña flecha, caña brava) is a giant Neotropical Poaceae grass from Mexico to tropical America; its fiber weaves the Colombian sombrero vueltiao and reinforces composites, and it is a high invasion risk in Florida.
Gynheung An
Gynheung An (안진흥) is a South Korean plant molecular biologist, professor at Kyung Hee University's Crop Biotech Institute, who built a large rice T-DNA mutant resource and biofortified rice with iron and zinc.
Gynoecium
Gynoecium: the female reproductive whorl of a flower, made of one or more carpels (stigma, style, ovary). Apocarpous carpels are free, syncarpous fused; it becomes the fruit.
Gynophobia
Gynophobia (gynephobia, gynaephobia) is a specific phobia of women, ICD-10-CM F40.291; ICD-11 lists it under social anxiety disorder. Treated by exposure therapy; distinct from misogyny.
Gynostemma pentaphyllum
Gynostemma pentaphyllum (jiaogulan, Amachazuru), a Cucurbitaceae climbing herb native to Asia, consumed as tea; contains gypenoside saponins related to ginsenosides, studied for glucose and lipid effects.
Gynura
Gynura (Asteraceae, Senecioneae), also spelled Compositae, is a paleotropical herb genus of about 58 species used as vegetables, ornamentals, and herbal medicines, but some species contain hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids causing HSOS.
Gyöngyi Szabó
Gyöngyi Szabó (Gyongyi Szabo) is a Hungarian-born hepatologist who serves as Chief Academic Officer of Beth Israel Lahey Health and holds a chair at Harvard Medical School.
György Buzsáki
György Buzsáki, born in Kaposvár, Hungary in 1949, is a Hungarian-born American neuroscientist at NYU known for hippocampal oscillations and the two-stage model of memory consolidation.
György Hajnóczky
György Hajnóczky, trained in medicine at Semmelweis University in Budapest, is a professor at Thomas Jefferson University who directs its Mitochondrial Research Center and studies mitochondrial calcium signaling.
Gyps fulvus
Gyps fulvus, the griffon vulture or Eurasian griffon, is a large 6–11 kg Accipitridae scavenging vulture of Europe, Asia, and Africa that soars on thermals, feeds on large-mammal carrion, nests on cliffs, and is IUCN Least Concern with Spain holding most of the population.
Gypsophila
Gypsophila (baby's-breath), genus of about 150 Caryophyllaceae herbs native to Eurasia and North Africa; G. paniculata is a noxious invasive tumbleweed in North American dunes, and the genus is rich in saponins and other medicinal compounds.
Gypsophila paniculata
Gypsophila paniculata, commonly known as baby's breath, is a perennial herb in the carnation family, native from east-central Europe to western Mongolia and grown worldwide as a cut flower for its tiny white flowers.
Gypsy horse
The Gypsy horse, also called the Gypsy Vanner or Irish Cob, is a feathered cob breed developed by the Romanichal of the British Isles to pull their living waggons.
Gyr cattle
Gyr cattle, known as Gir in India, are a humped zebu breed from the Gir region of western India and a principal dairy breed of tropical Brazil since imports began in 1890.
Gyrate atrophy of choroid and retina
Gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina (GACR), gyrate atrophy, hyperornithinemia: rare autosomal recessive retinal degeneration from OAT gene deficiency causing elevated ornithine, night blindness, spiral chorioretinal atrophy, treated with arginine-restricted diet.
Gyrfalcon
Gyrfalcon (Falco rusticolus), the world's largest falcon, an Arctic circumpolar raptor hunting mainly ptarmigan, nesting on cliffs; IUCN Least Concern, CITES Appendix I, population about 70,000, threatened mainly by climate change.
Gyrinidae
Gyrinidae (whirligig beetles), Latreille 1810, adephagan beetle family of about 750-900 species living at the water surface, with divided eyes, clubbed antennae, paddle legs, and speeds up to 44.5 body lengths per second.
Gyrodactylosis
Gyrodactylosis, or salmon fluke disease, is infection by Gyrodactylus salaris, a viviparous monogenean flatworm killing Atlantic salmon fry; introduced to Norway from Sweden in 1975, found in 54 rivers, controlled by rotenone.
Gyrodactylus salaris
Gyrodactylus salaris, the salmon parasite (lakseparasitten), is a viviparous monogenean flatworm from the Baltic region that eats the skin of Atlantic salmon parr; introduced to Norway in 1975, it devastated wild salmon but is now nearly eradicated by rotenone and chlorine treatment.
Gyromitra esculenta
Gyromitra esculenta, the false morel (stenmurkla, korvasieni), is an ascomycete Discinaceae mushroom containing gyromitrin, which metabolizes to monomethylhydrazine; sold with warnings in Nordic countries, detoxified by parboiling, lethal raw.
Gyros Protein Technologies
Gyros Protein Technologies is a Swedish-American life sciences company formed in 2016 by the merger of Gyros AB and Protein Technologies, Inc., now a division of Mesa Laboratories.
GZMA
GZMA (granzyme A, HFSP, CTLA3) is a human gene at 5q11.2 encoding granzyme A, a homodimeric tryptase serine protease of cytotoxic T and NK cells that kills targets via caspase-independent SET-complex DNA damage and gasdermin-B pyroptosis.
GZMB
GZMB (granzyme B, formerly CTLA1/CCP1) is a human chromosome 14 gene encoding a 29 kDa serine protease of cytotoxic T cells and NK cells that cleaves after aspartic acid, activates caspase-3 apoptosis, and drives inflammation and autoimmunity.
H minus
H minus (h−) is the minus mating type of fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, defined by the mat1-M allele on chromosome II; it secretes M-factor pheromone, is stable in strain 972, and mates only with h plus cells.