72,234 articles
High-frequency chest wall oscillation
High-frequency chest wall oscillation (HFCWO) is an airway clearance therapy in which an inflatable vest vibrates the chest at 5–25 Hz to loosen mucus, prescribed mainly for cystic fibrosis.
High-frequency ultrasound imaging
High-frequency ultrasound imaging uses acoustic frequencies above the conventional 2–15 MHz diagnostic range to image superficial tissues at near-microscopic resolution, in ophthalmology, dermatology, and intravascular imaging.
High-frequency ventilation
High-frequency ventilation (HFV) is a ventilation technique delivering tiny tidal volumes at several hundred breaths per minute, used for over 30 years in newborns, especially preterm infants.
High-fructose corn syrup
High-fructose corn syrup (HFCS), a corn-starch-derived liquid sweetener with 42% or 55% fructose (HFCS-42, HFCS-55), replaced sucrose in most US beverages by the mid-1980s; cheaper than sugar, GRAS status, declining use since 2000.
High-functioning autism
High-functioning autism is an informal, non-diagnostic label for autistic people with average or above IQ and speech, roughly DSM-5 level 1 ASD; clinicians and advocates now prefer support-needs language.
High-grade B-cell lymphoma
High-grade B-cell lymphoma (HGBL) is an aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, about 2% of cases, defined by MYC and BCL2 rearrangements or blastoid morphology, and often refractory to standard therapy.
High-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix uteri
High-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix uteri, also called poorly differentiated neuroendocrine cervical carcinoma, is a rare aggressive cervical cancer (about 1-2% of cases) linked to HPV 18, comprising small cell and large cell types, with 5-year survival around 25-40%.
High-grade second degree atrioventricular block
High-grade (advanced, high-degree) second degree AV block: two or more consecutive non-conducted P waves at a normal atrial rate with some conduction preserved; usually infra-Hisian, generally requiring permanent pacing.
High-intensity interval training
High-intensity interval training (HIIT), including the Norwegian 4x4 protocol of four 4-minute bouts at 85-95% max heart rate, alternates short intense exercise bouts with recovery; it raises VO2max and cardiac function and is used in cardiac rehabilitation.
High-intensity training
High-intensity training (HIIT, SIT, RST): repeated short bursts at ≥90% VO2max or >75% maximal power with recovery periods; improves VO2max, anaerobic capacity, and cardiometabolic health comparably to continuous training in less time.
High-linolenic flaxseed oil
High-linolenic flaxseed oil, or high-ALA flaxseed oil, is edible flaxseed oil with about 70% alpha-linolenic acid versus ~50% conventional, granted FDA GRAS no-questions status as GRN 256 (Polar Foods, 2009).
High-oleic, low-linolenic soybean oil
High-oleic, low-linolenic soybean oil (HOSBO) is breed-modified soybean oil with about 72-85% oleic and under 3% linolenic acid, giving frying stability without hydrogenation; regulated via FDA GRN 306 and commercial since 2011.
High-output heart failure
High-output heart failure (HOHF): heart failure with cardiac output >8 L/min or CI >4 L/min/m2, low systemic vascular resistance; caused by obesity, cirrhosis, AV shunts, anemia; vasodilators worsen it.
High-Protein Low-Carbohydrate Diet
High-protein low-carbohydrate diet (Atkins, South Beach): eating pattern high in protein, under 45% energy from carbohydrate, used for weight loss and type 2 diabetes; modest short-term benefit, little long-term advantage over balanced diets.
High-resolution anoscopy
High-resolution anoscopy (HRA) is a colposcopic examination of the anal canal that detects precancerous lesions, the preferred method for anal cancer screening in high-risk groups.
High-resolution manometry
High-resolution manometry (HRM) is a diagnostic technique measuring pressure along the gut with up to 36 sensors about 1 cm apart, chiefly for esophageal motility disorders.
High-resolution melt analysis
High-resolution melt analysis (HRM, also HRMA) is a closed-tube real-time PCR method that detects DNA variants, genotypes SNPs, and estimates methylation without sequencing or labeled probes.
High-resolution melting analysis
High-resolution melting analysis (HRM), also called high-resolution melting curve analysis, is a closed-tube molecular biology method that detects DNA variants, genotypes, and methylation differences by monitoring PCR amplicon melting.
High-resolution microendoscopy
High-resolution microendoscopy (HRME) is a fluorescence imaging technique that passes a miniature fiber-bundle probe through a standard endoscope to image epithelial tissue at cellular resolution in real time.
High-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography
High-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) is a low-dose X-ray method for imaging the distal radius and tibia in vivo to quantify bone microstructure and volumetric density.
High-Risk Pregnancy
A high-risk pregnancy is one in which the mother, fetus, or both face greater chances of complications during gestation or delivery, though it can still end in a healthy birth.
High-speed videoendoscopy
High-speed videoendoscopy (HSV) is a laryngeal imaging method that records vocal fold vibration at thousands of frames per second, used in voice assessment and research.
High-STEACS trial
High-STEACS (NCT01852123) was a Scottish stepped-wedge cluster-randomized trial of high-sensitivity troponin I with sex-specific 99th centile thresholds in 48,282 patients; it reclassified many women but did not reduce 1-year MI or cardiac death.
High-throughput screening
High-throughput screening (HTS), also known as high-throughput experimentation, is a drug discovery method that uses automated, miniaturized assays to test hundreds of thousands to millions of compounds against disease targets.
High-throughput sequencing
High-throughput sequencing, also called next-generation sequencing (NGS), is a family of laboratory methods that sequences millions to billions of DNA or RNA fragments in parallel, first commercialized in 2005.
Higher Nervous Activity
Higher nervous activity (vysshaia nervnaia deiatel'nost) is Ivan Pavlov's term for the conditioned, learned activity of the cerebral cortex, the basis of classical conditioning, later a MeSH descriptor and mandatory Soviet physiological framework.
Highland cattle
Highland cattle: hardy Scottish beef breed from the Highlands and western islands, long shaggy coat, sweeping horns, Herd Book 1885, cows 900-1,300 lb, docile, used for conservation grazing.
Highland midge
Highland midge (Culicoides impunctatus, Gaelic Meanbh-chuileag), a 1.4 mm Palearctic biting midge causing up to 90% of human bites in Scotland; bivoltine, wind-limited, breeding in boggy acidic ground, a major nuisance to tourism and forestry.
Highly branched cyclic dextrin
Highly branched cyclic dextrin (HBCD) is a high-molecular-weight maltodextrin made from waxy corn starch by a branching enzyme, sold as Cluster Dextrin and used mainly in sports drinks.
Hilal A. Lashuel
Hilal A. Lashuel, also known as Hilal Lashuel, is a neuroscientist who studies protein misfolding in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease and is Professor of Neurology at Weill Cornell Medicine–Qatar.