165 articles
Chlorine monoxide radical
Chlorine monoxide radical (ClO), also called chlorine oxide, is a diatomic free radical central to the catalytic destruction of stratospheric ozone, including the Antarctic ozone hole.
Chromate and dichromate
Chromate and dichromate, the yellow and orange oxyanions of hexavalent chromium, interconvert in a pH-dependent equilibrium and serve industrially as oxidants and corrosion inhibitors, though all are carcinogenic.
Chromic acid
Chromic acid (H2CrO4) is a strong acid and powerful oxidizing agent of hexavalent chromium, best known for oxidizing alcohols in organic chemistry and for chromium electroplating baths.
Chromium trioxide
Chromium trioxide (chromium(VI) oxide, chromic anhydride; CrO₃) is a dark red crystalline compound that is a strong oxidizer and the feedstock for chrome plating baths.
Chromium(III) oxide
Chromium(III) oxide (Cr2O3), also called chromia or chromium sesquioxide, is an inorganic compound best known as the green pigment chromium oxide green and as the protective scale on chromium alloys.
Cobalt hydroxide
Cobalt hydroxide, or cobalt(II) hydroxide (Co(OH)₂), is an inorganic compound occurring in blue-green α and reddish β forms, used as a precursor to lithium-ion battery cathode materials.
Cobalt oxide
Cobalt oxide is a family of cobalt–oxygen compounds, mainly cobalt(II) oxide (CoO) and cobalt(II,III) oxide (Co₃O₄), traded as gray and black oxide for pigments, ceramics, glass, and battery cathodes.
Cobalt oxyhydroxide
Cobalt oxyhydroxide (CoOOH) is a layered cobalt compound that serves as the active phase of cobalt electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction in water splitting.
Copper ferrite
Copper ferrite (CuFe₂O₄, also called cuprospinel) is a magnetic spinel ceramic of copper, iron, and oxygen, studied for soft magnetic components and as a photocatalyst in water treatment.
Dicalcium phosphate
Dicalcium phosphate, or dibasic calcium phosphate, is the calcium phosphate salt CaHPO4, used as the food additive E 341 (ii), a feed phosphate, and a bone-repair ceramic.
Dichlorine monoxide
Dichlorine monoxide is an inorganic compound with formula Cl₂O, a brownish-yellow gas boiling at 2.2 °C that is explosive but an effective bleaching agent for wood pulp and textiles.
Dihydrogen monoxide parody
The dihydrogen monoxide parody, also called the DHMO hoax, presents water under its chemical-sounding name with true but alarming descriptions, famously fooling officials in Aliso Viejo, California, in 2004.
Dinitrogen tetroxide
Dinitrogen tetroxide, also called nitrogen tetroxide or NTO, is a red-brown liquid oxidizer, boiling at 21.2 °C, used in the Titan II missile and the Apollo program.
Electrochemical synthesis of hydrogen peroxide
Electrochemical synthesis of hydrogen peroxide is the production of H₂O₂ from water, oxygen, and electricity in an electrolytic cell, studied as a decentralized alternative to the dominant anthraquinone process.
Friedel's salt
Friedel's salt, also called calcium chloro-aluminate, is a calcium chloroaluminate hydrate (Ca₂Al(OH)₆Cl·2H₂O) forming in Portland cement, and its chloride binding retards corrosion of steel reinforcement.
Gadolinium(III) oxide
Gadolinium(III) oxide (Gd₂O₃), also called gadolinia or gadolinium sesquioxide, is the white, water-insoluble oxide of the rare-earth metal gadolinium, used to make phosphors, MRI contrast agents, and neutron-shielding materials.
Germanium dioxide
Germanium dioxide (GeO₂), also called germania, is the stable oxide of germanium, a white water-soluble solid used in optical fiber manufacture, as a PET catalyst, and as a germanium feedstock.
Goethite
Goethite is an iron oxyhydroxide mineral named for Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, forming as a weathering product of iron-bearing minerals and serving as ore and yellow ochre pigment.
Green rust
Green rust is a family of mixed Fe(II)–Fe(III) layered double hydroxide compounds, named in 1959, that form during iron corrosion and reduce contaminants such as nitrate and Cr(VI).
H2O (disambiguation)
H2O most commonly denotes the chemical formula of water, and also names a US Department of Energy hydropower office, an Australian television series, and a machine learning platform.
Hafnium(IV) oxide
Hafnium(IV) oxide, also known as hafnia (HfO₂), is a white, chemically stable oxide of hafnium. It replaced silicon dioxide as the gate insulator in Intel's 45 nm chips in 2007 and underlies ferroelectric memory.
High-entropy oxides
High-entropy oxides are multicomponent oxide ceramics, typically with five or more cations in near-equiatomic ratios, known for intrinsically low thermal conductivity and use in thermal barrier coatings.
High-test peroxide
High-test peroxide (HTP), or high-test hydrogen peroxide, is concentrated hydrogen peroxide in water used as a rocket propellant, monopropellant, and storable oxidizer, in grades up to 98%.
Hydrogen peroxide
Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), also called dihydrogen dioxide, is a colorless liquid inorganic compound and powerful oxidizing agent used chiefly for bleaching, disinfection, and chemical synthesis.
Hydrogen peroxide–urea
Hydrogen peroxide–urea, also called carbamide peroxide or urea peroxide, is a crystalline 1:1 adduct of urea and hydrogen peroxide used as a stable solid peroxide source.
Hydroperoxy
Hydroperoxy refers to the univalent –OOH group, formed by replacing one hydrogen atom of hydrogen peroxide; its ROOH compounds are hydroperoxides, and the neutral radical HOO• is the hydroperoxyl radical, HO2.
Hydroperoxyl
Hydroperoxyl, also called the perhydroxyl radical and written HO2, is the protonated form of the superoxide anion and a key radical in atmospheric oxidation and combustion chemistry.
Hydrotalcite
Hydrotalcite is a carbonate-bearing magnesium–aluminum hydroxide mineral, first described in 1842 from the Urals, and the archetype of the layered double hydroxides, or anionic clays.
Hydrotalcite anhydrous
Hydrotalcite anhydrous is the water-free form of the magnesium-aluminum hydroxycarbonate mineral Mg6Al2(OH)16CO3·4H2O, a layered double hydroxide used as the antacid Talcid for heartburn, gastritis, and acid-peptic disease.
Hydroxide
Hydroxide, also called the hydroxide anion or OH⁻ ion, is the diatomic anion that is the conjugate base of water; its compounds include sodium hydroxide, hydroxide minerals, and layered double hydroxides.