52 articles
2-Acetylaminofluorene
2-Acetylaminofluorene, or 2-AAF, is a synthetic aromatic amide once intended as a pesticide but never marketed, now used as a positive control in carcinogenicity testing.
2-Pyrrolidone
2-Pyrrolidone, or pyrrolidin-2-one, is a five-membered cyclic amide, or lactam, with formula C₄H₇NO, used industrially as a high-boiling polar solvent and as a precursor to N-vinylpyrrolidone and Nylon-4.
Acetamide
Acetamide, or ethanamide, is the simplest primary amide of acetic acid, a colorless deliquescent crystalline solid once used as a solvent and classified by IARC as possibly carcinogenic.
Acetochlor
Acetochlor is a chloroacetanilide herbicide, first registered by the EPA in 1994, used for pre-emergence control of annual grasses and broadleaf weeds in corn and cotton.
Acetohydroxamic acid
Acetohydroxamic acid (AHA) is a synthetic hydroxamic acid that reversibly inhibits bacterial urease and is used as adjunctive therapy, marketed as Lithostat by Mission Pharmacal, for chronic urea-splitting urinary infections.
Acrylamide
Acrylamide, also known as propenamide, is a white crystalline organic compound used to make polyacrylamide, and known as a process contaminant that forms in starchy foods fried, roasted, or baked.
Amide
An amide, also called a carboxamide, is an organic compound in which an acyl group is bonded to a nitrogen atom, common in proteins and other biomolecules.
Amide activation
Amide activation is a set of chemical strategies that weaken the amide bond's stabilizing resonance, letting normally unreactive amides undergo nucleophilic addition, N–C(O) cleavage, and rearrangement.
Amide reduction
Amide reduction is the chemical conversion of a carboxamide into an amine with the same carbon count, most commonly with lithium aluminum hydride or borane, and can be stopped at the aldehyde stage.
Barbituric acid
Barbituric acid, also called malonylurea, is an organic compound that is the parent of barbiturate drugs; it is not pharmacologically active itself and was first synthesized in 1864.
Benzamide
Benzamide is the simplest aromatic amide, in which a primary amide group is attached directly to a benzene ring; it is a colorless crystalline solid melting near 130 °C.
Caprolactam
Caprolactam, also called ε-caprolactam, is a cyclic amide of 6-aminohexanoic acid used almost entirely to make nylon-6, with global production around 6 million tonnes a year.
Ceftizoxime
Ceftizoxime, marketed as Cefizox, is a broad-spectrum third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic given by intravenous or intramuscular injection, developed in Japan and withdrawn from the US market in 2007.
Chloroacetamide
Chloroacetamide, also known as 2-chloroacetamide, is a chlorinated amide that acts as a sulfhydryl-alkylating biocide, serving as an industrial preservative, a former cosmetic preservative, and a herbicide intermediate.
Cloxacillin
Cloxacillin is a semisynthetic, penicillinase-resistant penicillin antibiotic of the isoxazolyl group, developed at Beecham Research Laboratories in 1962 and used mainly against beta-lactamase-producing staphylococci.
Cyanoacetamide
Cyanoacetamide is the amide of cyanoacetic acid, a small organic compound with formula C₃H₄N₂O and a white crystalline solid used chiefly as a building block in organic synthesis.
Deferoxamine
Deferoxamine, also known as desferrioxamine and sold as Desferal, is an injectable iron-chelating drug, produced by the bacterium Streptomyces pilosus, used for iron overload and acute iron poisoning.
Dimethylacetamide
Dimethylacetamide (DMAc), systematically N,N-dimethylacetamide, is a high-boiling, water-miscible polar aprotic solvent used to dissolve polymers in fiber and membrane production and pharmaceutical synthesis, and is being restricted in the European Union for toxicity.
Dimethylformamide
Dimethylformamide (DMF), also known as N,N-dimethylmethanamide, is a colorless, water-miscible organic amide with formula HCON(CH3)2, used at large industrial scale as a polar aprotic solvent.
Dimethylurea
Dimethylurea, formally 1,3-dimethylurea, is a symmetrical urea derivative with one methyl group on each of urea's two nitrogen atoms, giving formula C₃H₈N₂O. It is a colorless crystalline solid used to synthesize caffeine and in textile finishing.
Ethosuximide
Ethosuximide, sold as Zarontin, is a succinimide anticonvulsant first synthesized in 1927 and introduced in 1958, used to treat absence seizures and ineffective against tonic-clonic seizures.
Formamide
Formamide, also known as methanamide or carbamaldehyde, is the simplest amide, a colorless liquid used as a solvent and chemical intermediate, and a molecule detected in interstellar space.
Hippuric acid
Hippuric acid, also called N-benzoylglycine, is an N-acylglycine formed when benzoic acid is conjugated with glycine and excreted in urine as a normal dietary metabolite and the principal urinary metabolite of toluene.
Hydantoin
Hydantoin (imidazolidine-2,4-dione) is a five-membered heterocyclic compound with formula C₃H₄N₂O₂, isolated by Baeyer in 1861 and valued as a drug scaffold, including the anticonvulsant phenytoin.
Hydrazide
Hydrazide, also called acylhydrazine, is a compound derived from an oxoacid in which acidic hydroxy groups are replaced by hydrazine-derived groups; isoniazid is a well-known example.
Hydroxamic acid
A hydroxamic acid, or hydroxamate, is an N-hydroxy amide that strongly chelates metal ions, making it a major pharmacophore in medicinal chemistry and an iron-binding group of bacterial siderophores.
Imide
An imide is a functional group in which a single nitrogen atom is bonded to two carbonyl groups, known for examples such as succinimide and phthalimide, the brominating reagent N-bromosuccinimide, and polyimide polymers.
Isoniazid
Isoniazid (INH, isonicotinic acid hydrazide) is a first-line antibiotic used to treat and prevent tuberculosis; discovered in 1952, it kills Mycobacterium tuberculosis by blocking mycolic acid synthesis in the bacterial cell wall.
Lactam
A lactam is a cyclic amide, a compound in which the amide carbonyl and nitrogen lie in a ring, including caprolactam, the monomer of Nylon 6.
Levobupivacaine
Levobupivacaine, sold under the brand name Chirocaine, is a long-acting local anesthetic developed as a safer alternative to bupivacaine, with lower cardiac and central nervous system toxicity.