286 articles
Sinabung
Sinabung (Gunung Sinabung) is a 2,460 m stratovolcano in Karo Regency, North Sumatra, Indonesia, dormant about 400 years before its 2010 eruption, then erupting 2013–2021 with deadly dome-collapse pyroclastic flows, and re-erupting 31 August 2026.
Singkut
Singkut is a Quaternary volcanic caldera in North Sumatra, Indonesia (GVP 261070, Sunda Arc), also known through its cone Sibayak. It formed ~44 ka in a VEI 6 eruption (~26 km³ DRE), last erupted in 1881, hosts Berastagi and the Sibayak geothermal field, and rises to 2,181 m.
Slamet
Mount Slamet (Gunung Slamet) is a 3,428 m active basaltic stratovolcano in Central Java, Indonesia, on the Sunda Arc, with two overlapping edifices, about 35 flank cinder cones, a 2014 VEI 2 eruption, and Level II unrest since 2024.
Soche
Soche (Volcán el Soche) is a dacitic stratovolcano, 3,955 m, in northern Ecuador near Colombia; its early Holocene Plinian eruption (VEI 4–5) spread tephra northwest into Colombia.
Socompa
Socompa (Volcán Socompa) is a 6,031-m dacitic stratovolcano on the Chile-Argentina border in the Central Andes, known for a ~7,200-year-old sector collapse that produced one of the world's largest debris-avalanche deposits (~37 km³, 40 km runout) and for 2019-onset uplift.
Soufrière Hills eruption
The Soufrière Hills eruption is the ongoing eruption of the Soufrière Hills Volcano on Montserrat, which began in 1995, destroyed Plymouth, and killed at least 19 people.
Spectrum Range
Spectrum Range: a 2,430 m shield volcano in the Mount Edziza volcanic complex, Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province, British Columbia, Canada; rhyolite domes over basaltic shield, vividly colored by solfataric alteration.
Stratovolcano
A stratovolcano, also called a composite volcano, is a steep, conical volcano built from alternating lava flows, tephra, and pyroclastic flows, like Mount Fuji and Mount St. Helens.
Stromboli
Stromboli, northernmost of the Aeolian Islands in the Tyrrhenian Sea, is a persistently active stratovolcano whose regular mild explosions define the Strombolian eruption type; paroxysms in 1919, 1930, 2003, and 2019 mark its hazards.
Suchitan
Suchitan (Suchitán) is a dormant twin-peaked andesitic stratovolcano, 2,042 m, in southeastern Guatemala northeast of Jutiapa, GVP 342160, with no confirmed historical eruptions; the 1469 report belongs to Atitlán.
Sunset Crater
Sunset Crater, also known as Sunset Crater Volcano, is a cinder cone in northern Arizona that erupted around 1085 CE, the youngest in the San Francisco Volcanic Field.
Supervolcano
A supervolcano is a volcanic center that has produced a super-eruption of magnitude 8 on the Volcanic Explosivity Index, more than 1,000 cubic kilometers of material at once.
Suswa
Suswa (Mount Suswa) is a Quaternary peralkaline trachyte-phonolite shield volcano in the Kenyan Rift, ~50 km WNW of Nairobi, with nested 8 x 12 km and 5 km calderas, Ol Doinyo Onyoke cone, geothermal activity, and no recorded historical eruption.
Taal Volcano
Taal Volcano is an active complex caldera volcano in Batangas province on Luzon, Philippines, whose caldera holds Taal Lake and Volcano Island, the site of its recent eruptions.
Talang
Talang (Gunung Talang) is an active 2,575-2,597 m stratovolcano in West Sumatra, Indonesia, on the Great Sumatran Fault; phreatic eruptions in 2005 and 2007, alert lowered to level 1 in January 2026.
Tangkuban Perahu
Tangkuban Perahu, also spelled Tangkuban Parahu, is an active 2,084 m stratovolcano in West Java, Indonesia, north of Bandung, known for small phreatic eruptions and tourism.
Tengger Caldera
Tengger Caldera (Kaldera Tengger), a 16-km-wide caldera complex in East Java, Indonesia, on the Sunda arc; five overlapping stratovolcanoes, with active Mount Bromo, Ngadisari and Sandsea calderas, and heavy tourism.
Tephra
Tephra, also called volcanic fallout, is the collective term for fragmental volcanic material ejected into the atmosphere during explosive eruptions, classified by size as ash, lapilli, or blocks and bombs.
Tharsis Tholus
Tharsis Tholus, a small basaltic shield volcano in eastern Tharsis, Mars, near 13.5N 91W, about 155 km across and 9 km high, uniquely cut by large normal faults through its whole edifice, with a deep 6.8 km caldera and Early Hesperian age.
Ticsani
Ticsani is a dacitic lava dome complex in Moquegua region, southern Peru, 60 km NE of Moquegua city, 30 km SE of Huaynaputina. Last eruption about 1800 CE; fumarolic activity, recurring seismic swarms, high-risk classification, green alert, monitored by IGP and INGEMMET.
Tilocalar
Tilocalar (Tilocálar), a monogenetic volcanic field of four small andesitic centers in northern Chile's Salar de Atacama region, formed about 460–730 ka, with Tilocálar Norte and Sur erupting within 9 ± 2 kyr.
Toh, Tarso
Tarso Tôh (Toh, Tarso) is a Pleistocene-to-Holocene basaltic volcanic field in the NW Tibesti Range, Chad, with about 150 scoria cones, two maars, and Begour maar dated at 8300 ± 300 years.
Tolbachik
Tolbachik (Tolbachik volcanic massif) is a basaltic volcano at the southern end of the Klyuchevskoy group, Kamchatka, Russia, made of Ostry and Plosky Tolbachik stratovolcanoes and the Tolbachinsky Dol cone field; site of the 1975–76 Great Tolbachik Fissure Eruption and the 2012–13 fissure eruption.
Tskhouk-Karckar
Tskhouk-Karckar (Tzghuk) is a group of eight Holocene pyroclastic cones with basaltic-andesite lava flows in Armenia's Syunik upland on the Azerbaijan border, last erupting about 3000 BCE, its lavas overlying petroglyphs and feeding gravesites dated 2770 BCE.
Tuya Volcanic Field
Tuya Volcanic Field, also called Tuya Butte or Tuya Lake Volcanic Field, is a Canadian volcanic field of Pleistocene subglacial tuyas in northern British Columbia's Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province, the type area for the landform "tuya."
Udina
Udina (Bolshaya and Malaya Udina) is a pair of Holocene stratovolcanoes at the south end of Kamchatka's Kliuchevskaya group, Russia, with no known Holocene eruptions but seismic unrest in 2017-2019 suggesting possible magmatic reawakening.
Udokan Plateau
Udokan Plateau (Udokan volcanic plateau): a 3,000 km2 Miocene-to-Holocene volcanic field on the NE Baikal Rift in Siberia, Russia, with cinder cones, domes, and maars; last eruption at Chepe, 220 BCE.
Unexplained volcanic eruption
An unexplained volcanic eruption, often called a mystery eruption, is a large eruption identified from polar ice cores rather than written history, such as the still-unlocated 1809 event.
Ushkovsky
Ushkovsky (formerly Plosky) is a 3,943 m compound volcano at the NW end of Kamchatka's Kliuchevskaya group, with an ice-filled 4.5 x 5.5 km caldera and last eruption in 1890 CE.
Vaiyots-Sar
Vaiyots-Sar (Վայոցսար), also Dalik Tapa or Dar-Alages, is a pyroclastic cinder cone volcano in Vayots Dzor, Armenia, 2,575 m high, with Holocene lava flows, a 2000 BCE GVP eruption date, and a disputed 735 AD eruption legend.