42,772 articles
Pickering emulsion polymerization
Pickering emulsion polymerization is a surfactant-free polymerization technique in which solid colloidal particles stabilize the emulsion droplets, yielding hybrid core–shell latexes, nanocomposite particles, and porous polyHIPE solids.
Pickup (music technology)
A pickup, also known as a guitar pickup, is a transducer on a stringed instrument, most commonly the electric guitar, that converts string vibrations into an electrical signal sent to an amplifier.
Pickup ions
Pickup ions are ions created when neutral atoms drifting into the heliosphere are ionized and picked up by the solar wind, seeding anomalous cosmic rays.
PICO framework
The PICO framework is a mnemonic that structures a clinical question into Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome; described in 1995, it is the most widely used such model.
PICO process
The PICO process is a framework that structures clinical questions into Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome, proposed in 1995 and standard in evidence-based medicine and systematic reviews.
PICO-60
PICO-60 was a bubble chamber dark matter detector operated 2 km underground at SNOLAB in Sudbury, Ontario, setting the most stringent spin-dependent WIMP constraints of its time.
Picocavity
A picocavity is an optical cavity formed by a single-atom defect on a metallic nanostructure, trapping visible light below 1 nm³ and enabling single-molecule spectroscopy.
Picolinic acid
Picolinic acid, also called pyridine-2-carboxylic acid, is a pyridine carboxylic acid made from tryptophan in the body and used widely as a chelating ligand in chemistry.
Picosecond
A picosecond (symbol ps) is one trillionth of a second, an SI unit used for ultrashort laser pulses, fast electronics, and picosecond-resolution timing in PET medical imaging.
Picric acid
Picric acid, also known as 2,4,6-trinitrophenol, is a strongly acidic nitrophenol used historically as a synthetic dye and the standard shell filling for artillery until modern laboratory use.
Pictet–Spengler reaction
The Pictet–Spengler reaction is an acid-promoted cyclocondensation in which a β-arylethylamine and an aldehyde or ketone form tetrahydroisoquinolines and tetrahydro-β-carbolines, key alkaloid scaffolds; reported by Pictet and Spengler in 1911.
Pie chart
A pie chart, also called a pie diagram or circle chart, is a circular statistical graphic divided into wedges sized in proportion to the values they represent.
Piermaria Oddone
Piermaria Oddone is a Peruvian-born American experimental particle physicist who invented the asymmetric B-factory and served as the fifth director of Fermilab, from 2005 to 2013.
Piero Madau
Piero Madau is an Italian theoretical astrophysicist, Distinguished Professor at UC Santa Cruz, known for measuring the cosmic star-formation history and winning the 2014 Heineman Prize.
Pierre Agostini
Pierre Agostini, born 1941 in Tunis, is a French physicist and Ohio State emeritus professor who shared the 2023 Nobel Prize in Physics for attosecond light pulses.
Pierre Aigrain
Pierre Aigrain (1924–2002) was a French physicist who pioneered French semiconductor research, founded the École normale supérieure solid-state physics laboratory, and presented the semiconductor laser principle in 1958.
Pierre Auger Observatory
The Pierre Auger Observatory in Mendoza Province, Argentina is the world's largest detector for ultra-high-energy cosmic rays, combining 1,660 water-Cherenkov tanks over 3,000 km² with 27 fluorescence telescopes since 2004.
Pierre Cartier (mathematician)
Pierre Cartier (1932–2024) was a French mathematician whose name is attached to Cartier divisors, the Cartier isomorphism, and Cartier duality, and who belonged to Bourbaki from 1955 to 1983.
Pierre Chappuis
Pierre Chappuis (1855–1916) was a Swiss physicist at the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures whose gas-thermometer work led to the hydrogen temperature scale in 1884.
Pierre Cousin
Pierre Auguste Cousin (1867–1933) was a French mathematician whose 1895 theorem on functions of several complex variables gave his name to the Cousin problems, still standard in the field.
Pierre Curie
Pierre Curie (1859–1906) was a French physicist who discovered piezoelectricity, formulated Curie's law of magnetism, and shared the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics with Marie Curie and Henri Becquerel.
Pierre de Fermat
Pierre de Fermat (1601–1665) was a French lawyer in Toulouse who did mathematics as an amateur, founding modern number theory and probability, and stating Fermat's Last Theorem.
Pierre Deligne
Pierre Deligne is a Belgian mathematician in algebraic geometry and number theory, best known for proving the Weil conjectures and winning the Fields Medal and Abel Prize.
Pierre Duhem
Pierre Maurice Marie Duhem (1861–1916) was a French physicist, philosopher, and historian of science at Bordeaux, known for the Gibbs–Duhem equation and the Duhem–Quine thesis.
Pierre Fatou
Pierre Fatou (1878–1929) was a French mathematician and astronomer who spent his career at the Paris Observatory and founded the iteration theory of rational maps, now called complex dynamics.
Pierre Gassendi
Pierre Gassendi (1592–1655) was a French Catholic priest, mathematician, and philosopher who restored Epicurean atomism within Catholic doctrine and made the first recorded observation of a transit of Mercury.
Pierre Gentine
Pierre Gentine is a hydrologist, the Maurice Ewing and J. Lamar Worzel Professor of Geophysics at Columbia University, who studies land–atmosphere coupling and machine learning for Earth systems, and directs the NSF center LEAP.
Pierre Hohenberg
Pierre Hohenberg (1934–2017) was a French-American theoretical physicist at Bell Labs, Yale, and NYU, known for the 1964 Hohenberg–Kohn theorem on which density functional theory rests.
Pierre Janssen
Pierre Janssen (1824–1907) was a French astronomer who showed that the Sun's gaseous prominences can be observed spectroscopically in daylight, and became founding director of the Meudon Observatory.
Pierre Joseph Henry Baudet
Pierre Joseph Henry Baudet (1891–1921) was a Dutch mathematician who became professor at Delft before thirty and posed the conjecture van der Waerden proved in 1927.