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Physical world and mathematics

42,772 articles

Pierre Le Roy

Pierre Le Roy (1717–1785) was a French clockmaker in Paris who invented the detent escapement in 1748 and built the 1766 marine chronometer regarded as the foundation of the modern chronometer.

Pierre Lelong

Pierre Lelong (1912–2011) was a French mathematician who introduced plurisubharmonic functions, the Lelong number, and closed positive currents, giving several complex variables much of its foundational language.

Pierre Meystre

Pierre Meystre (P. Meystre) is a Swiss theoretical physicist, Regents' Professor Emeritus at the University of Arizona, known for quantum optics, atom optics, and cavity optomechanics.

Pierre Pruvost

Pierre Pruvost (1890–1967) was a French geologist who introduced subsidence into French geology, led a school of coal-measure geologists, and held the Sorbonne geology chair.

Pierre Ramond

Pierre Ramond is a French-born American theoretical physicist at the University of Florida whose 1971 fermionic string launched superstring theory, earning the 2015 Heineman Prize and 2020 Dirac Medal.

Pierre Raphaël

Pierre Raphaël (born 1975) is a French mathematician, the Herchel Smith Professor at Cambridge, who won the 2023 Clay Research Award and Bôcher Memorial Prize for work on blow-up solutions.

Pierre Rosenstiehl

Pierre Rosenstiehl (1933–2020) was a French mathematician specializing in graph theory and combinatorics, a directeur d'études at EHESS, and an Oulipo member known for labyrinths.

Pierre Samuel

Pierre Samuel (1921–2009) was a French mathematician and second-generation Bourbaki member who co-authored Commutative Algebra with Oscar Zariski and made key contributions to unique factorization domains.

Pierre Shale

The Pierre Shale is a Late Cretaceous marine shale formation of the northern Great Plains, named in 1862 from exposures at old Fort Pierre, South Dakota.

Pierre Victor Auger

Pierre Victor Auger (1899–1993) was a French physicist who discovered extensive cosmic-ray air showers in 1938 and helped found CERN and the French Atomic Energy Commission.

Pierre Weiss

Pierre-Ernest Weiss (1865–1940) was a French physicist who formulated the molecular field theory of ferromagnetism in 1907, first proposed magnetic domains, and defined the Weiss magneton.

Pierre-Gilles de Gennes

Pierre-Gilles de Gennes (1932–2007) was a French physicist, credited as the father of soft matter, who won the 1991 Nobel Prize for describing order in varied systems.

Pierre-Louis Lions

Pierre-Louis Lions, born in 1956, is a French applied mathematician who won the 1994 Fields Medal for work on nonlinear partial differential equations and mean field game theory.

Pierre-Simon Laplace

Pierre-Simon Laplace, marquis de Laplace, was a French mathematician and astronomer who proved the stability of the solar system, founded modern probability theory, and proposed the nebular hypothesis.

Piers Coleman

Piers Coleman (born 1958) is a British-American theoretical condensed matter physicist at Rutgers University, known for work on strongly correlated electron systems, including magnetism, superconductivity, and topological insulators.

Piers Corbyn

Piers Corbyn (born 1947) is a British weather forecaster and astrophysicist who founded WeatherAction, a London company selling long-range forecasts based on solar activity and the Moon.

Piers Forster

Piers Forster is a British climate scientist, Professor of Physical Climate Change at the University of Leeds, and interim chair of the UK Climate Change Committee since 2023.

Piet Hut

Piet Hut, full name Pieter Hut, is an astrophysicist and Professor Emeritus at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, known for the Barnes–Hut algorithm.

Pieter C. Dorrestein

Pieter C. Dorrestein is a chemical biologist and mass spectrometry researcher at UC San Diego who co-develops the GNPS platform for molecular networking in metabolomics.

Pieter Hendrik van Cittert

Pieter Hendrik van Cittert (died 1959) was a Dutch physicist at Utrecht University known for the van Cittert–Zernike theorem of radio interferometry and an iterative deconvolution method in image processing.

Pieter Kasteleyn

Pieter Willem Kasteleyn was a Dutch theoretical physicist who spent his life in Leiden and is known for the exact 1961 solution of the two-dimensional dimer problem, now called Kasteleyn's theorem.

Pieter M. de Wolff

Pieter M. de Wolff (Pieter Maarten de Wolff, 1919–1998) was a Dutch crystallographer at Delft who introduced the superspace approach for describing incommensurately modulated crystal structures.

Pieter P. Tans

Pieter P. Tans, also known as Pieter Tans, is a climate scientist who led NOAA's Carbon Cycle Greenhouse Gases group from 1985 to 2019, maintaining the Global Greenhouse Gas Reference Network.

Pieter van Dokkum

Pieter van Dokkum is a Dutch-born astronomer and Yale professor who studies galaxy formation, built the Dragonfly Telephoto Array, and discovered galaxies apparently lacking dark matter.

Pieter Zeeman

Pieter Zeeman (1865–1943) was a Dutch physicist who discovered the splitting of spectral lines by a magnetic field and shared the 1902 Nobel Prize in Physics with Hendrik Lorentz.

Pietro Gambardella

Pietro Gambardella is an Italian condensed-matter physicist who leads the Materials Department at ETH Zurich, known for current-induced magnetization switching and the first ferromagnetism in monatomic metal chains.

Pietro Tacchini

Pietro Tacchini (1838–1905) was an Italian astronomer who led solar spectroscopy at Palermo and Rome, joined seven eclipse expeditions, and founded the Società degli Spettroscopisti Italiani.

Piezo-phototronic effect

The piezo-phototronic effect, a three-way coupling of piezoelectricity, semiconducting, and photoexcitation properties, was coined by Zhong Lin Wang in 2010 to improve optoelectronic devices like photodetectors, solar cells, and LEDs.

Piezoelectric sensor

A piezoelectric sensor, also called a piezo sensor, is a transducer that converts mechanical quantities such as force, pressure, vibration, and strain into electrical signals using the piezoelectric effect.

Piezoelectric transducer

A piezoelectric transducer is a device that converts electrical energy into mechanical vibration, or mechanical vibration into electrical signals, using piezoelectric materials such as quartz, PZT ceramics, or polymers.