42,772 articles
Dynamic Bayesian network
A dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) is a Bayesian network extended to model probability distributions over time-indexed variables, introduced by Thomas Dean and Keiji Kanazawa in 1989.
Dynamic connectivity
Dynamic connectivity is the algorithmic problem of updating a graph edge by edge and quickly answering whether two vertices are connected, aiming for polylogarithmic time per operation.
Dynamic covalent polymer networks
Dynamic covalent polymer networks (DCPNs), also called covalent adaptable networks, are crosslinked polymers whose reversible covalent bonds break and reform, giving thermoset strength plus reprocessability, self-healing, and recyclability.
Dynamic epistemic logic
Dynamic epistemic logic (DEL) is a family of modal logics in which operators describe actions, like public announcements, that transform what a group of agents knows.
Dynamic equilibrium
Dynamic equilibrium is the state of a reversible process in which forward and reverse changes occur at equal rates, so the composition appears static though change continues at the molecular level.
Dynamic factor model
A dynamic factor model (DFM) is a statistical model representing many time series as driven by a few unobserved common factors, used in econometrics for forecasting and nowcasting.
Dynamic force spectroscopy
Dynamic force spectroscopy (DFS) is a single-molecule technique measuring the force at which a molecular bond ruptures as loading rate increases, using AFM or optical tweezers.
Dynamic global vegetation model
A dynamic global vegetation model (DGVM) is a process-based ecosystem model simulating vegetation dynamics and carbon, water, and energy fluxes between land and atmosphere, used in climate modeling.
Dynamic heterogeneity
Dynamic heterogeneity is the spatially nonuniform relaxation of glass-forming liquids near the glass transition: particles rearrange in mobile clusters while surrounding regions stay frozen, with dynamics varying by orders of magnitude over a few nanometers.
Dynamic hydrogels
Dynamic hydrogels are highly hydrated polymer networks whose crosslinks reversibly break and reform through noncovalent interactions or dynamic covalent bonds, giving self-healing, stress relaxation, and shear-thinning properties suited to drug delivery, tissue engineering, and bioprinting.
Dynamic image analysis
Dynamic image analysis (DIA) is a particle characterization technique in which particles moving through a stream are imaged by a high-speed camera and individually sized and shape-characterized.
Dynamic kinetic resolution
Dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR) is an asymmetric synthesis strategy that combines kinetic resolution with continuous racemization of the slower-reacting enantiomer, raising the theoretical yield from 50 to 100 percent.
Dynamic light scattering
Dynamic light scattering, also called photon correlation spectroscopy or quasi-elastic light scattering, measures the size of particles, droplets, or bubbles dispersed in liquids by analyzing laser light fluctuations.
Dynamic logic (computer science)
Dynamic logic is a family of modal logics whose modalities are indexed by programs, generalizing box and diamond; its propositional variant PDL was introduced by Fischer and Ladner in 1979.
Dynamic mechanical analysis
Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), also called dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), applies oscillatory stress or strain to measure a material's viscoelastic properties across temperature or frequency.
Dynamic mode decomposition
Dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) is a data-driven technique, proposed by Peter Schmid in 2008, that decomposes snapshot sequences into modes, each with one frequency and growth rate.
Dynamic nuclear polarization
Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) is a magnetic resonance technique that transfers the large spin polarization of unpaired electrons to atomic nuclei, amplifying NMR signals by orders of magnitude.
Dynamic panel model
The dynamic panel data model, or dynamic panel data model, is a panel regression with a lagged dependent variable, estimated consistently by Arellano–Bond difference GMM or system GMM.
Dynamic plasticity
Dynamic plasticity is the study of permanent deformation of solids at high strain rates and under shock loading, studied with tests like the split Hopkinson pressure bar.
Dynamic pressure
Dynamic pressure, also known as velocity pressure or wind pressure, is half the fluid density times flow velocity squared, equal to the kinetic energy per unit volume of the flow.
Dynamic range
Dynamic range is the ratio between the largest and smallest signal a system can detect or reproduce without distortion, expressed in decibels and spanning audio, radar, imaging, and scientific instruments.
Dynamic range compression
Dynamic range compression (DRC), also called audio level compression, is an audio signal processing technique that narrows the difference between loud and quiet passages of a signal.
Dynamic rupture simulation
Dynamic rupture simulation is a computational seismology method that numerically models spontaneous earthquake fault rupture by solving for stress, friction, and wave propagation, unlike kinematic models.
Dynamic shear rheometer
A dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) is a laboratory instrument that measures viscoelastic properties by oscillating a thin sample between parallel plates, standard for asphalt binders.
Dynamic stall
Dynamic stall is an unsteady flow separation process on an airfoil during rapid motion past its static stall limit, briefly increasing lift before a leading-edge vortex sheds.
Dynamic structure factor
The dynamic structure factor, S(Q,ω), gives the probability that a particle such as a neutron scatters from a sample with given momentum and energy transfer.
Dynamic topography
Dynamic topography is the height of the sea surface relative to the geoid, produced by ocean currents, or the solid-Earth deformation caused by flow in the convecting mantle.
Dynamic treatment regime
A dynamic treatment regime, also called an adaptive treatment strategy, is a sequence of decision rules for tailoring treatment to a patient's changing status over time.
Dynamic vapor sorption
Dynamic vapor sorption (DVS) is a gravimetric analytical technique measuring a sample's mass change as humidity or temperature is varied, most commonly to construct water vapor sorption isotherms.
Dynamical axion field
The dynamical axion field is a time- and space-dependent field in magnetic topological insulators, arising from magnetic fluctuations and coupling to electromagnetic fields like the hypothetical elementary axion.