42,772 articles
Egger's test
Egger's test is a linear regression test for funnel plot asymmetry in meta-analysis, proposed by Matthias Egger and colleagues in 1997 to detect small-study effects that may indicate publication bias.
Egon Balas
Egon Balas, born Egon Blatt, was a Romanian-American operations researcher at Carnegie Mellon University who pioneered integer programming, founded disjunctive programming, and won the 1995 John von Neumann Theory Prize.
Egon Orowan
Egon Orowan (Orován Egon, 1902–1989) was a Hungarian-born physicist and metallurgist who, with Taylor and Polanyi, introduced the crystal dislocation in 1934 and later taught at MIT.
Egon Pearson
Egon Sharpe Pearson (1895–1980) was a British statistician who, with Jerzy Neyman, founded modern hypothesis testing theory, succeeded his father Karl Pearson at University College London, and edited Biometrika for thirty years.
Egon T. Degens
Egon Theodor Degens (1928–1989) was a German geologist and geochemist who led the 1965 Red Sea expedition that discovered the first sea-floor hydrothermal ore deposits and made the first detailed study of the anoxic Black Sea.
Egon Wiberg
Egon Wiberg (1901–1976) was a German inorganic chemist who held the chair of Inorganic Chemistry at the University of Munich from 1951 and co-edited Holleman-Wiberg, the standard German inorganic chemistry textbook.
EGS (program)
EGS (Electron Gamma Shower) is a package of computer codes for the Monte Carlo simulation of electron and photon transport through matter, developed at SLAC in the 1970s.
EGSY8p7
EGSY8p7, also cataloged as CEERS-1019, is a luminous star-forming galaxy in the Extended Groth Strip, confirmed in 2015 at redshift 8.683 and then the most distant spectroscopically confirmed galaxy known.
EGTA (chemical)
EGTA, also called egtazic acid, is a chelating agent that binds calcium with about 10,000-fold selectivity over magnesium, used to set free calcium in biological experiments.
Egyptian calendar
The Egyptian calendar, also called the Egyptian civil year, was the fixed 365-day calendar of ancient Egypt, whose months drifted through the seasons and survives as the Coptic calendar.
Ehrenfest paradox
The Ehrenfest paradox is a 1909 puzzle in special relativity, raised by Paul Ehrenfest, showing that a perfectly rigid spinning disk is incompatible with relativity.
Ehrenfest theorem
The Ehrenfest theorem, or Ehrenfest principle, is a 1927 result of quantum mechanics showing that expectation values of position and momentum obey equations resembling Newton's laws.
Ehrenfeucht–Fraïssé game
The Ehrenfeucht–Fraïssé game (EF game) is a two-player game on two structures in which Spoiler tries to expose differences and Duplicator tries to match every move.
Ehrhart polynomial
The Ehrhart polynomial of a lattice polytope counts lattice points in its dilates, proved a polynomial by Eugène Ehrhart in 1962 and generalized to higher dimensions by Pick's theorem.
Ehrlich reagent
Ehrlich reagent is an analytical color-test solution of p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde in acidic alcohol, described by Paul Ehrlich in 1901 and used to detect indoles, pyrroles, and aromatic amines.
Ehud Gazit
Ehud Gazit (אהוד גזית) is an Israeli biochemist and nanotechnologist, a professor at Tel Aviv University known for research on peptide self-assembly and metabolite amyloids.
Ehud Hrushovski
Ehud Hrushovski (born 1959 in Jerusalem) is an Israeli model theorist whose 1996 proof of the geometric Mordell–Lang conjecture turned logic into a tool of algebra and geometry.
Ehud Keinan
Ehud Keinan is an Israeli organic chemist, professor at the Technion, known for catalytic-antibody chemistry including a 1995 Nature paper, and IUPAC's president since 2024.
Ei-ichi Negishi
Ei-ichi Negishi (根岸英一) was a Japanese chemist at Purdue University who won the 2010 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for palladium-catalyzed cross couplings, a reaction used in drug synthesis.
Eicosane
Eicosane, also called icosane or n-eicosane, is a straight-chain alkane with 20 carbon atoms and formula C₂₀H₄₂, a white crystalline solid used in thermal energy storage as a phase change material.
Eigendecomposition of a matrix
Eigendecomposition, or eigenvalue decomposition, is the factorization of a square matrix as A = XΛX⁻¹ with eigenvectors; it exists when the matrix has an eigenbasis and underlies PCA and quantum mechanics.
Eigenfunction
An eigenfunction is a nonzero function that a linear operator reproduces as a scalar multiple of itself, the function-space analog of an eigenvector of a matrix.
Eigenstate thermalization hypothesis
The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) is a quantum statistical mechanics conjecture that individual eigenstates of nonintegrable systems are locally thermal, explaining how closed quantum systems equilibrate.
Eigenvalue
An eigenvalue is a scalar satisfying Az = λz for a nonzero eigenvector z of a matrix A, meaning the transformation stretches that vector without rotating it.
Eigenvalue algorithm
An eigenvalue algorithm is a numerical method for computing eigenvalues of a matrix, using dense methods like the QR algorithm or iterative methods for large sparse matrices.
Eigenvalue interlacing
Eigenvalue interlacing is a linear algebra theorem stating that the eigenvalues of a Hermitian matrix and those of any principal submatrix must alternate in a fixed order.
Eigenvalues and eigenvectors
Eigenvalues and eigenvectors, also called characteristic roots, are scalars and nonzero vectors of a square matrix or operator satisfying Ax = λx, so the matrix only stretches the vector's length.
EIGER2 X detector
The EIGER2 X detector is a family of large-area hybrid-photon-counting X-ray detectors made by DECTRIS of Baden, Switzerland, for synchrotron beamlines at fourth-generation sources, launched at the 2017 IUCr Congress in Hyderabad.
Eight dimensions of quality
The eight dimensions of quality is a framework proposed by David A. Garvin in 1987 covering performance, features, reliability, conformance, durability, serviceability, aesthetics, and perceived quality.
Eight queens puzzle
The eight queens puzzle, also known as the n-queens problem, asks for placements of chess queens that do not attack each other; it has 92 solutions.