42,772 articles
Emanuele Paternò
Emanuele Paternò was an Italian chemist and senator from Palermo, successor to Cannizzaro at Palermo and Rome, known for the Paternò–Büchi photochemical reaction first published in 1909.
Emanuels Grīnbergs
Emanuels Grīnbergs (1911–1982) was a Latvian mathematician who created the graph theory school in Latvia, best known for his 1968 theorem giving a necessary condition for a planar graph to have a Hamiltonian cycle.
Emanuil Aizikovich Kaner
Emanuil Aizikovich Kaner (Еммануїл Айзикович Канер; 1931–1986) was a Soviet and Ukrainian theoretical physicist in Kharkiv who co-predicted cyclotron resonance in metals and founded the theory of acoustic cyclotron resonance.
Embalming chemicals
Embalming chemicals, also called embalming fluid or embalming solution, are preservative fluids, primarily formaldehyde with methanol, injected to slow decomposition, disinfect tissue, and restore a lifelike appearance.
Embedded atom method
The embedded atom method (EAM) is a semi-empirical interatomic potential for computing energies and forces of metal atoms, introduced by Daw and Baskes in 1983.
Embedded mixed methods design
An embedded mixed methods design, or embedded mixed method, places a secondary qualitative or quantitative strand inside a larger primary study of the other type.
Embedding
An embedding is a map that places one mathematical space inside another while preserving all of its structure, such as a graph drawn on a surface without edges crossing.
Embeddings and elementary maps between model-theoretic structures
In model theory, an elementary map between two structures preserves and reflects the truth of every first-order formula; every isomorphism is elementary, but elementary embeddings need not be surjective.
EMC effect
The EMC effect is the observation that nucleons bound in atomic nuclei show suppressed quark structure functions compared with free ones, first seen by the European Muon Collaboration at CERN in iron.
Emerald
Emerald is the green gem variety of the mineral beryl, colored by trace chromium or vanadium; the most prized stones come from Colombia, with Zambia, Brazil, and Zimbabwe also major sources.
Emerald Cloud Lab
Emerald Cloud Lab is a commercial cloud laboratory where scientists design experiments remotely and receive results from an automated facility, founded by Brian Frezza and DJ Kleinbaum.
Emergence
Emergence is the appearance of novel system-level properties or behaviors that the individual components lack, seen in bird flocks, traffic jams, phase transitions, and, on some accounts, consciousness.
Emergency Alert System
The Emergency Alert System (EAS) is the United States' national broadcast alerting system, established in 1997 to relay emergency messages from federal, state, and local authorities to the public.
Emergency Broadcast System
The Emergency Broadcast System (EBS) was the United States' national emergency alerting system for radio and television from 1963 to the 1990s, established by President Kennedy.
Emergent constraint
An emergent constraint is a relationship across an ensemble of climate models between an observable present-day climate quantity and a projected future change, letting observations narrow projections.
Emergent gravity
Emergent gravity is the proposal that gravity is not fundamental but arises like temperature from microscopic physics, with dark matter effects reinterpreted as dark-energy-driven gravity.
Emiel Hensen
Emiel J. M. Hensen (born 1971) is a Dutch chemist, full professor of inorganic materials chemistry at Eindhoven University of Technology since 2009, known for zeolite catalysis and CO2 hydrogenation.
Emil Artin
Emil Artin (1898–1962) was an Austrian-born mathematician and one of the major algebraists of the twentieth century, known for the reciprocity law, Artinian rings, and the theory of braids.
Emil Fischer
Emil Fischer, born Hermann Emil Fischer, was a German chemist who won the 1902 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work on sugar and purine syntheses.
Emil Grosswald
Emil Grosswald (1912–1989) was a Romanian-born American analytic number theorist known for his work on representations of integers as sums of squares and his books on number theory.
Emil Konopinski
Emil Konopinski (1911–1990) was an American theoretical physicist who worked on beta decay, the Manhattan Project, and calculations showing a nuclear explosion would not ignite the atmosphere.
Emil Leon Post
Emil Leon Post (1897–1954) was a Polish-born American logician who helped found computability theory, formulated a model of computation equivalent to the Turing machine, and opened degree theory.
Emil Pfender
Emil Pfender (1925–2016) was a German-born engineer at the University of Minnesota and a leading researcher in thermal plasma science, elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 1986.
Emil T. Kaiser
Emil T. Kaiser (1938–1988) was a Hungarian-born American biochemist known for creating semisynthetic enzymes such as flavopapain; he taught at Chicago and Rockefeller University and joined the National Academy of Sciences in 1987.
Emil Votoček
Emil Votoček (1872–1950) was a Czech organic chemist who discovered the sugars rhodeose and isorhodeose, coined "epimer", and built the Czech school of organic chemistry in Prague.
Emil Warburg
Emil Gabriel Warburg (1846–1931) was a German experimental physicist who discovered magnetic hysteresis and the cathode fall, and was president of the Physikalisch-Technische Reichsanstalt from 1905 to 1922.
Emil Wolf
Emil Wolf (1922–2018) was a Czechoslovak-born American physicist who established classical optical coherence theory as its own subfield of optics and co-authored, with Max Born, the standard textbook Principles of Optics.
Émile Amagat
Émile Amagat (1841–1915) was a French physicist who measured the compressibility of gases and liquids at extreme pressures, inventing the free-piston manometer; the amagat unit, Amagat diagram, and Amagat's law bear his name.
Émile Borel
Émile Borel (1871–1956) was a French mathematician who created the first effective theory of measure, helped found real-function theory, and later became a deputy and minister.
Émile Bourquelot
Émile Bourquelot (Élie-Émile Bourquelot, 1851–1921) was a French pharmacist and chemist who pioneered the enzymatic synthesis of glycosides and founded the French school of heterosides.