42,772 articles
Élie Cartan
Élie Cartan (1869–1951) was a French mathematician who worked on Lie groups, differential geometry, and spinors, and classified the simple Lie algebras in his 1894 thesis.
Elihu Abrahams
Elihu Abrahams (1927–2018) was an American theoretical physicist who spent most of his career at Rutgers University, known for the 1979 scaling theory of electron localization and work on delta-plutonium.
Elimination reaction
An elimination reaction is a chemical reaction in which two groups are removed from a molecule, most often adjacent atoms, forming a double bond; it competes with nucleophilic substitution.
Elimination theory
Elimination theory is the branch of algebra that removes unknowns from systems of multivariate polynomial equations, using resultants and Gröbner bases, with applications in equation solving, geometric theorem proving, and computer-aided design.
Elio Fabri
Elio Fabri, born in Rome in 1930, is an Italian theoretical physicist and professor at the University of Pisa, known for the Dalitz–Fabri diagram and work on Italy's first computer.
Eliot Blackwelder
Eliot Blackwelder (1880–1969) was an American geologist, head of Stanford's geology department from 1922 to 1945, known for desert geomorphology and the glacial framework of the Sierra Nevada.
Eliot Quataert
Eliot Quataert is an American theoretical astrophysicist, the Charles A. Young Professor of Astronomy at Princeton University, known for his work on black hole accretion and neutron star mergers.
Elis Strömgren
Svante Elis Strömgren (1870–1947) was a Danish astronomer and Copenhagen professor whose 1914 work showed comets follow elliptical orbits, making them members of the Solar System.
Elisa Leonida Zamfirescu
Elisa Leonida Zamfirescu (1887–1973) was a Romanian chemical engineer who became the first woman to obtain an engineering title in Romania and the first female engineering graduate in Germany.
Elisa Riedo
Elisa Riedo is an experimental physicist and nanoscientist, the Herman F. Mark Chair Professor at NYU Tandon, known for pioneering thermal scanning probe lithography and studying graphene and nanoconfined water.
Elitzur–Vaidman bomb tester
The Elitzur–Vaidman bomb tester, proposed by Avshalom Elitzur and Lev Vaidman in 1993, is a quantum scheme that detects objects without a photon touching them.
Elitzur's theorem
Elitzur's theorem, proved by Shmuel Elitzur in 1975, is a result in lattice gauge theory stating that a local gauge symmetry cannot be spontaneously broken, so gauge-variant observables vanish.
Elizabeth A. Thompson
Elizabeth A. Thompson (born 1949) is a statistical geneticist, Professor of Statistics Emerita at the University of Washington, elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 2008.
Elizabeth M. Nolan
Elizabeth M. Nolan is an American bioinorganic chemist at MIT who studies metals, immunity, and antibiotic resistance, and holds the Ivan R. Cottrell Professor of Immunology title.
Elizabeth P. Turtle
Elizabeth P. Turtle, known as Zibi Turtle, is a planetary scientist at the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory who leads NASA's Dragonfly rotorcraft mission to Titan.
Elizabeth S. Cochran
Elizabeth S. Cochran is an American seismologist at the U.S. Geological Survey's Earthquake Science Center in Pasadena, known for work on induced earthquakes and early warning.
Elizabeth Thompson
Elizabeth J. Thompson is an American research meteorologist at NOAA's Physical Sciences Laboratory in Boulder, Colorado, who studies clouds, precipitation, and air-sea fluxes, and received the Presidential Early Career Award.
Elkan Blout
Elkan Blout was an American biophysical chemist known for research on how amino acid sequence determines protein shape, alongside an industry career at Polaroid and scientific leadership at Harvard.
Elke U. Weber
Elke U. Weber, born 1957 in Gelsenkirchen, Germany, is a psychologist and decision scientist at Princeton University known for research on risk perception and climate decisions.
Ell
The ell is a former European unit of length used chiefly for measuring cloth, originally a cubit of forearm and hand, standardized in England at 45 inches.
Ellagic acid
Ellagic acid is a dietary polyphenol, a dimeric derivative of gallic acid found in raspberries, blackberries, strawberries, and pomegranates, and is converted by gut microbiota into metabolites called urolithins.
Ellen D. Williams
Ellen D. Williams is an American surface physicist, Distinguished University Professor Emerita at the University of Maryland and National Academy member, who served as BP Chief Scientist and ARPA-E director.
Ellen Gould Zweibel
Ellen Gould Zweibel is a theoretical astrophysicist, the William L. Kraushaar Professor at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, known for work on cosmic rays and astrophysical magnetic fields.
Ellen Mosley-Thompson
Ellen Mosley-Thompson is an American glaciologist and paleoclimatologist at Ohio State University who led ice core drilling expeditions to Antarctica and Greenland and was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 2009.
Ellen R. M. Druffel
Ellen R. M. Druffel is an American chemical oceanographer and biogeochemist at UC Irvine known for using radiocarbon to trace the marine carbon cycle and ocean circulation.
Ellen T. Sletten
Ellen T. Sletten, also known as Ellen M. Sletten, is an American chemist and professor at UCLA known for shortwave infrared fluorophores that enable non-invasive imaging in mice.
Élliott H. Lieb
Elliott H. Lieb, born 1932 in Boston, is an American mathematical physicist, long at Princeton University, whose rigorous many-body results underpin research in physics, chemistry, and quantum information.
Elliott Waters Montroll
Elliott Waters Montroll (1916–1983) was an American mathematical physicist who introduced the continuous-time random walk in 1965 and applied transfer-matrix methods to the Ising model.
Ellipse
An ellipse is a closed plane curve where the sum of the distances to two fixed points, the foci, is constant; it describes planetary orbits.
Ellipsoid
An ellipsoid is a closed quadric surface in three dimensions defined by three semi-axes, the three-dimensional analog of the ellipse, with the sphere as a special case.