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Macroscopic quantum phenomena
Macroscopic quantum phenomena: quantum effects at bulk scales when many particles share one collective state, as in superconductivity, superfluid helium, Bose–Einstein condensates, flux quantization, Josephson junctions, and SQUID magnetometry.
Macroscopic quantum tunneling
Macroscopic quantum tunneling is the quantum tunneling of a collective variable, such as a Josephson junction's phase, through a classically forbidden barrier, demonstrated by Clarke, Devoret, and Martinis in 1985.
Macroscopic quantum tunnelling
Macroscopic quantum tunnelling (MQT) is the escape of a collective variable, like a Josephson junction's phase difference or a molecule's magnetization, through an energy barrier by quantum tunnelling.
MACS J0717.5+3745
MACS J0717.5+3745, often shortened to MACS J0717, is a massive merging galaxy cluster about 5.4 billion light-years away in the constellation Auriga, where four clusters are colliding.
Madan M. Bhasin
Madan M. Bhasin is an Indian-American industrial chemical engineer known for heterogeneous catalysis and eleven generations of ethylene oxide catalysts developed in a 38-year career at Union Carbide.
Madden–Julian oscillation
The Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) is an eastward-moving disturbance of clouds, rainfall, and winds that circles the global tropics every 30 to 60 days and shapes tropical weather.
Madhava of Sangamagrama
Madhava of Sangamagrama (c. 1340 – c. 1425) was an Indian mathematician and astronomer from Kerala who founded the Kerala School and discovered infinite series for π and trigonometric functions.
MADMAX
MADMAX, short for MAgnetized Disc and Mirror Axion eXperiment, is an international particle physics collaboration led by the Max Planck Institute for Physics that searches for axion dark matter.
Maevarano Formation
Maevarano Formation: Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian, 72.1-66 Ma) fossil-rich rock unit in Madagascar's Mahajanga Basin, near Berivotra; source of Majungasaurus, Rapetosaurus, Rahonavis, Beelzebufo; distinct from the Maevarano Suite granites.
Mafic
Mafic, also known as basic rock, describes dark-colored igneous rocks and minerals rich in magnesium and iron, such as basalt and gabbro, contrasting with felsic rocks.
Magellan Telescopes
The Magellan Telescopes, named Baade and Clay, are twin 6.5-meter optical telescopes at Las Campanas Observatory in Chile's Atacama Desert, with Baade seeing first light in 2000.
Magellanic Bridge
The Magellanic Bridge is a vast structure of neutral hydrogen gas stretching between the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds, two satellite galaxies of the Milky Way.
Magellanic Clouds
The Magellanic Clouds, also called the Clouds of Magellan, are two irregular dwarf galaxies, the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds, that are the Milky Way's nearest massive satellites.
Magellanic Corona
The Magellanic Corona is a vast halo of hot, ionized gas surrounding the Large Magellanic Cloud, detected in ultraviolet absorption by the Hubble Space Telescope in 2022.
Magellanic Stream
The Magellanic Stream is a vast ribbon of neutral hydrogen trailing the Magellanic Clouds across nearly half the southern sky, discovered in the early 1970s.
Magenta
Magenta, also known as fuchsia or FF00FF, is a non-spectral color with no single matching wavelength, produced by mixing red and blue light; the name comes from the 1859 aniline dye fuchsine.
Maggie Aderin-Pocock
Maggie Aderin-Pocock, born Margaret Ebunoluwa Aderin-Pocock in 1968, is a British space scientist who co-presents the BBC's The Sky at Night and was made a Dame in 2024.
Maghemite
Maghemite is a strongly ferrimagnetic iron oxide mineral, γ-Fe₂O₃, with magnetite's spinel structure and hematite's composition, formed by oxidation of magnetite, common in soils, and used in magnetic nanoparticles.
Magic acid
Magic acid, FSO₃HSbF₅, is a superacid formed from equimolar fluorosulfonic acid and antimony pentafluoride, named after a candle dissolved in it and known for protonating hydrocarbons.
Magic angle spinning
Magic angle spinning (MAS) is a solid-state NMR technique in which the sample spins at 54.74° to the magnetic field, averaging interactions that broaden spectra of solids.
Magic number (physics)
A magic number in nuclear physics is a proton or neutron count, such as 2, 8, or 126, at which a nucleus is exceptionally stable.
Magic square
A magic square is a square array of numbers in which every row, column, and main diagonal sums to the same value; the oldest known example is China's 3×3 Lo Shu square.
Magic square of squares
A magic square of squares is a 3 × 3 magic square whose nine entries are all perfect squares; whether one exists with distinct entries is an open problem.
Magic state distillation
Magic state distillation is a fault-tolerant quantum computing procedure that turns many noisy magic states into fewer, cleaner ones, supplying the non-Clifford resource for universal computation.
MAGIC stereo system
The MAGIC stereo system, also called the MAGIC Florian Goebel Telescopes, is a pair of 17-meter gamma-ray Cherenkov telescopes on La Palma, Spain, operating together since 2009.
Magic-angle graphene
Magic-angle graphene is graphene stacked in atomically thin sheets twisted to about 1.1 degrees, where the electronic bands become nearly flat and host superconductivity and correlated insulating states.
Magic-angle twisted trilayer graphene
Magic-angle twisted trilayer graphene (MATTG) is a moiré material of three graphene sheets, the middle rotated by a magic angle, whose flat electronic bands host unconventional superconductivity first reported in 2021.
Magic-size cluster
A magic-size cluster is an atomically precise semiconductor or metal cluster with a fixed atom count and higher stability than neighboring sizes, named for "magic" atom counts that survive synthesis.
MAGIS-100
MAGIS-100 (Matter-wave Atomic Gradiometer Interferometric Sensor) is a quantum sensor under construction at Fermilab that uses atom interferometry over a 100-meter vertical shaft to search for ultralight dark matter.
Magma
Magma is molten rock beneath the Earth's surface, made of silicate melt, mineral crystals, and dissolved gases, that rises through volcanic vents and is called lava once it erupts.