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Magma (computer algebra system)
Magma is a computer algebra system for computation in algebra, number theory, and algebraic geometry, developed by the Computational Algebra Group at the University of Sydney.
Magma chamber
A magma chamber, also called a magmatic reservoir, is the region beneath a volcano's vent where molten rock (magma) is stored prior to eruption, often as crystal-rich mush.
Magma ocean
A magma ocean is a global layer of molten silicate rock on a young planet, formed by accretion, core formation, and giant impacts early in the Solar System.
Magnesian Limestone
Magnesian Limestone is a Permian succession of dolomites deposited about 255 million years ago on the margins of the Zechstein Sea, outcropping from Nottinghamshire to County Durham.
Magnesiothermic reduction
Magnesiothermic reduction is a chemical reduction method that uses magnesium at 500–950 °C to convert silica into porous, nanocrystalline silicon while preserving the starting template's morphology.
Magnesite
Magnesite is a magnesium carbonate mineral, MgCO₃, in the calcite group, mined as the principal ore of magnesium and heated to MgO, a refractory that lines steelmaking furnaces.
Magnesium
Magnesium is a chemical element with symbol Mg and atomic number 12, a silvery-white alkaline earth metal, the eighth most abundant element in the Earth's crust.
Magnesium ammonium phosphate
Magnesium ammonium phosphate, best known as the mineral struvite, is a white crystalline phosphate mineral named in 1845 that forms in bat guano and as infection-driven kidney stones.
Magnesium ammonium potassium chloride triple salt
Magnesium ammonium potassium chloride triple salt (Magnesal, magnesium ammonium potassium carnallite), Mg4K(NH4)3Cl12·24H2O, is a white co-crystalline food salt used to replace part of sodium chloride; FDA GRAS Notice 272 (2009) had no questions.
Magnesium antimonide
Magnesium antimonide (Mg₃Sb₂) is a Zintl-phase semiconductor of magnesium and antimony, first reported in the 1930s and since 2016 one of the most studied low-cost thermoelectrics for waste heat recovery and cooling.
Magnesium bismuthide
Magnesium bismuthide (Mg₃Bi₂) is an inorganic compound of magnesium and bismuth, a layered Zintl-phase semimetal and leading n-type thermoelectric material for near-room-temperature power generation and cooling.
Magnesium carbonate
Magnesium carbonate, MgCO3, is an inorganic magnesium salt occurring naturally as the mineral magnesite, used industrially as an antacid, food additive, rubber filler, and climbing chalk.
Magnesium chloride
Magnesium chloride (MgCl2) is a hygroscopic inorganic salt found in sea salt and brines, used to make magnesium metal, de-ice roads, and coagulate tofu as nigari.
Magnesium diboride
Magnesium diboride (MgB₂) is an intermetallic compound that superconducts at 39 K, the highest of any metallic superconductor, announced by Jun Akimitsu's group in January 2001.
Magnesium dihydrogen pyrophosphate
Magnesium dihydrogen pyrophosphate (MDPP, MgH2P2O7, E 450(ix), INS 450(ix)) is a sodium-free pyrophosphate raising agent and acidity regulator for baked goods; GRAS notice GRN 383 (2011) and JECFA-evaluated in 2012.
Magnesium ferrite
Magnesium ferrite (MgFe₂O₄), also called magnesioferrite in its mineral form, is a magnetic iron oxide with the cubic spinel structure, a soft magnetic n-type semiconductor used in photocatalysis and gas sensing.
Magnesium fluoride
Magnesium fluoride (MgF₂) is an inorganic salt of magnesium and fluorine whose wide transparency and low refractive index make it the standard anti-reflection coating on lenses and aluminum mirrors.
Magnesium hydroxide
Magnesium hydroxide is an inorganic compound, a white solid of low water solubility occurring as the mineral brucite and best known as the antacid and laxative milk of magnesia.
Magnesium nitrate
Magnesium nitrate is a white, deliquescent inorganic salt with formula Mg(NO₃)₂, sold mainly as a water-soluble fertilizer supplying nitrogen and magnesium, and also used in pyrotechnics, nitric acid concentration, and museum conservation.
Magnesium oxide
Magnesium oxide (MgO), also called magnesia, is a white inorganic compound of magnesium and oxygen that occurs as the mineral periclase and is used mainly as a refractory in furnace linings.
Magnesium phosphate
Magnesium phosphate is a family of inorganic compounds of magnesium and the phosphate anion, best known as trimagnesium phosphate, Mg3(PO4)2, used in cements, food additives, and bone substitutes.
Magnesium silicide
Magnesium silicide (Mg₂Si) is an inorganic compound of magnesium and silicon forming dark blue crystals, a narrow-gap semiconductor studied chiefly as an environmentally benign thermoelectric material.
Magnesium silver antimonide
Magnesium silver antimonide (MgAgSb) is a p-type thermoelectric material, first reported in 2012, that converts heat to electricity near room temperature as a nontoxic alternative to tellurium-based materials.
Magnesium stearate
Magnesium stearate, also known as magnesium octadecanoate, is the magnesium salt of stearic acid, a white, soap-like powder used chiefly as a lubricant in pharmaceutical tablets.
Magnesium sulfate
Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4), also known as bitter salt, is an inorganic salt used in agriculture, food processing, and medicine; its heptahydrate is known as Epsom salt.
Magnet
A magnet is an object or material that produces a magnetic field, with a north and a south pole that attract iron and repel or attract other magnets.
Magnet wire
Magnet wire, also called enameled or winding wire, is a copper or aluminum conductor with a thin enamel insulation used to wind the coils of motors, transformers, generators, and relays.
Magnetar
A magnetar is a neutron star with an ultra-strong magnetic field, the strongest known, whose decay powers X-ray and gamma-ray bursts and rare giant flares.
Magnetar giant flare
A magnetar giant flare is the most energetic type of burst from a magnetar, releasing up to 10⁴⁷ erg in under a second, followed by a fading, pulsating tail.
Magnetar-powered supernova
A magnetar-powered supernova is a stellar explosion whose luminosity is boosted by a newborn, rapidly spinning magnetar, the leading model for superluminous supernovae like SN 2011kl.