42,772 articles
Mass–metallicity relation
The mass–metallicity relation (MZR) is the correlation between a galaxy's stellar mass and its gas metallicity: more massive galaxies are more metal-rich, holding out to redshifts beyond 2.
Massimiliano Di Ventra
Massimiliano Di Ventra is a theoretical physicist, professor at UC San Diego since 2004, known for MemComputing, the ionic Coulomb blockade, and DNA sequencing by tunneling.
Massimo Olivucci
Massimo Olivucci is an Italian computational photochemist, a professor at the University of Siena and Bowling Green State University, known for conical intersections and rhodopsin studies.
Massive compact halo object
A massive compact halo object (MACHO) is a proposed dark, compact body such as a brown dwarf or black hole that could partly explain dark matter in the Milky Way's halo.
Massive gas injection
Massive gas injection is a tokamak disruption mitigation technique that injects neutral gas within milliseconds to terminate the plasma safely; ITER instead uses shattered pellet injection.
Massive gravity
Massive gravity is a class of modified gravity theories assigning the graviton a small nonzero mass, giving five polarizations instead of two, and dRGT is the ghost-free modern form.
Massive open online course
A massive open online course, or MOOC, is an online course open to anyone with an Internet connection, offering materials, assessment, and a certificate of completion.
Massive star formation
Massive star formation is the process by which stars heavier than about 8 solar masses assemble from interstellar gas, despite their own radiation pressure opposing infall.
Master Chemical Mechanism
The Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM) is a near-explicit chemical mechanism describing the gas-phase degradation of volatile organic compounds in the troposphere, hosted at the University of York.
Master equation
A master equation is a first-order differential equation describing how the probabilities of a system's states evolve in Markovian dynamics, where the future depends only on the present.
Master of Physics
The Master of Physics (MPhys) is a four-year integrated undergraduate degree, awarded mainly in the United Kingdom, combining bachelor's and master's study of physics in one program.
Master oscillator power amplifier
A master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) is a laser architecture in which a low-power seed laser defines wavelength, linewidth, and pulse shape, and optical amplifiers raise the output power.
Masuzo Shikata
Masuzo Shikata (志方益三, 1895–1964) was a Japanese chemist who co-invented the polarograph with Jaroslav Heyrovský in Prague in 1924, then published the first polarographic study of an organic substance, nitrobenzene, in 1925.
Matched asymptotic expansions
Matched asymptotic expansions is a method for solving singular perturbation problems, building inner and outer expansions in different regions and joining them through an overlap.
Matched-field processing
Matched-field processing is an array-processing technique that locates wave sources by matching recorded wavefields against synthetic replica fields for candidate positions. Developed in underwater acoustics, it is also used in seismology.
Matched-pair analysis
Matched-pair analysis is a statistical design and analysis method in which study units are paired on observed baseline covariates, so confounding from the matched variables is controlled by the pairing itself.
Matching (graph theory)
In graph theory, a matching is a set of edges, no two sharing an endpoint; the matching problem seeks a largest or minimum-weight such set.
Matching polynomial
The matching polynomial of a graph is a polynomial whose coefficients count the graph's matchings by size, introduced by Farrell in 1979 and studied by Heilmann and Lieb.
Material conditional
The material conditional, or logical conditional, is the truth-functional "if A then B" connective of classical logic, false only when A is true and B is false.
Material derivative
The material derivative, also called the convective or substantive derivative, is the rate of change of a quantity measured while following a moving fluid particle, written D/Dt.
Material dispersion
Material dispersion is the dependence of a material's refractive index on the wavelength of light, which limits how sharply pulses and images pass through glass.
Material failure theory
Material failure theory is the branch of solid mechanics that predicts when a material fails under stress, using criteria like Tresca, von Mises, and Tsai–Wu.
Material properties of diamond
Diamond, the cubic sp³-bonded allotrope of carbon, is the hardest bulk material known and conducts heat better than any other, making it useful for cutting tools and heat spreaders.
Materialism
Materialism, also called philosophical materialism or metaphysical materialism, is the doctrine that everything that exists is material or physically constituted, now usually discussed in philosophy as physicalism.
Materials informatics
Materials informatics is the application of data science and machine learning to materials discovery, a field that grew rapidly after the 2011 US Materials Genome Initiative.
Materials Project
The Materials Project is a free, web-based database of computed properties of inorganic crystals and molecules, operated by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory to speed materials discovery since 2011.
Materials Studio
Materials Studio is a commercial modeling and simulation software environment for materials science and chemistry, sold by Dassault Systèmes under the BIOVIA brand and first released in 2000.
Matérn covariance function
The Matérn covariance function, or Matern kernel, is a parametric family of covariance functions describing correlation in random fields, widely used in spatial statistics, geostatistics, and machine learning.
Math 55
Math 55 is a two-semester honors mathematics sequence at Harvard University covering algebra, group theory, and real and complex analysis, known as the hardest undergraduate math class.
Mathematical analysis
Mathematical analysis, also known as classical analysis, is the branch of mathematics that studies real and complex functions through limits, continuity, differentiation, and integration, underpinning calculus.