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Minimum ignition energy
Minimum ignition energy (MIE) is the lowest electric spark energy just sufficient to ignite a flammable substance at its most ignition-sensitive concentration in air, central to dust explosion safety.
Minimum mean square error
Minimum mean square error (MMSE) estimation is a Bayesian principle whose optimal estimator is the conditional expectation, or posterior mean, of the unknown given the data.
Minimum thermal conductivity
Minimum thermal conductivity is the lower limit on a solid's heat conduction, reached when phonon scattering is so strong the mean free path nears the interatomic spacing.
Mining district
A mining district is a named geographic area where minerals have been extracted at considerable, often long-lasting scale, focused on related ore types, with boundaries traditionally recognized rather than administrative.
Mining in Australia
Mining in Australia, also known as the mining industry in Australia, extracts iron ore, coal, gold, bauxite, lithium and uranium, earning $343 billion in exports in 2023.
Mining in India
Mining in India is the extraction of coal, metallic ores, and other minerals under the 1957 MMDR Act; coal leads by volume, iron ore by value.
Mining industry of South Africa
The mining industry of South Africa, also known as the mineral industry of South Africa, supplied 70% of the world's platinum and 46% of its chromium in 2024.
Minisci reaction
The Minisci reaction, named for Francesco Minisci, adds nucleophilic carbon radicals to protonated heteroarenes like pyridine and quinoline, and is widely used for late-stage modification of drug-like heterocycles.
Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation
The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) is the Government of India ministry for official statistics and program monitoring, established as an independent ministry in 1999.
Minitab
Minitab is a statistical software package for data analysis, quality improvement, and predictive analytics, created in 1972 by three Penn State statistics faculty as a teaching tool.
Minium (mineral)
Minium is a rare lead oxide mineral, Pb₃O₄, chemically identical to red lead pigment, forming in oxidized lead deposits from altered galena and prized for its scarlet color.
Minkee Choi
Minkee Choi (최민기) is a South Korean chemist and professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering at KAIST, known for zeolite nanosheet catalysts and CO2 capture adsorbents.
Minkowski diagram
A Minkowski diagram, also called a spacetime diagram, is a two-dimensional graph of spacetime used in special relativity, named for Hermann Minkowski, who introduced it in 1908.
Minkowski functional
The Minkowski functional, also called the gauge, assigns to each point the smallest scale at which it lands in a set, turning convex sets into seminorms.
Minkowski inequality
The Minkowski inequality, also called Minkowski's inequalities, is the triangle inequality for L^p spaces, stating ||f+g||p ≤ ||f||p + ||g||p for 1 ≤ p ≤ ∞.
Minkowski problem
The Minkowski problem, posed by Hermann Minkowski, asks which measures on the unit sphere occur as the surface area measure of a convex body in convex geometry.
Minkowski space
Minkowski space, or Minkowski spacetime, is the four-dimensional flat spacetime of special relativity, where the invariant spacetime interval replaces ordinary distance, proposed by Hermann Minkowski in 1907.
Minkowski sum
The Minkowski sum of two sets is the set of all vector sums of their points, named for Hermann Minkowski, who used it in 1903 to study convex bodies.
Minkowski's theorem
Minkowski's theorem, or Minkowski's convex body theorem, is a geometry of numbers result stating that any sufficiently large convex body symmetric about the origin contains a lattice point.
Minoan eruption
The Minoan eruption, also known as the Santorini or Thera eruption, was a huge Late Bronze Age eruption of the Santorini volcano in the Aegean Sea that buried Akrotiri.
Minolta
Minolta was a Japanese camera and optics manufacturer founded by Kazuo Tashima in 1928; it introduced the first autofocus 35mm SLR and merged with Konica in 2003.
Minor (linear algebra)
A minor in linear algebra is the determinant of a square submatrix formed by choosing certain rows and columns of a matrix, also called a minor determinant.
Minor alditols
Minor alditols are sugar alcohols, including threitol, ribitol, arabitol, and volemitol, that never reached commercial sweetener status; ribitol occurs in vitamin B2, and none carries an EU E number.
Minor planet
A minor planet, also called a planetoid, is a body orbiting the Sun that is neither a planet nor a comet, including asteroids, centaurs, and trans-Neptunian objects.
Minor Planet Electronic Circulars
Minor Planet Electronic Circulars (MPECs) are electronic bulletins issued by the Minor Planet Center, generally daily since 1993, announcing discoveries, orbits, and identifications of minor planets and comets.
Minor-planet designation
Minor-planet designation, also called asteroid designation, is the formal identifier for an asteroid, consisting of a provisional designation, a permanent number, and optionally a name.
Minority carrier lifetime
Minority carrier lifetime is the average time an excess minority carrier exists in a semiconductor before recombining; it strongly reflects defects and limits solar cell performance.
Minority game
The minority game is an agent-based model in which an odd number of agents choose between two sides each round, and only the minority side wins.
Minoru Oda
Minoru Oda (小田稔) was a Japanese astrophysicist known as the father of Japanese X-ray astronomy; he invented the modulation collimator and led Japan's X-ray satellites.
MINOS
MINOS, the Main Injector Neutrino Oscillation Search, was a Fermilab experiment that fired a muon neutrino beam 735 km to a far detector in Soudan, Minnesota, to measure neutrino oscillation.