42,772 articles
Niels Bohr
Niels Bohr was a Danish physicist whose 1913 quantum model explained atomic structure; he won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1922 and led Copenhagen's theoretical physics institute.
Niels Bohr Institute
The Niels Bohr Institute (Danish: Niels Bohr Institutet) is the physics institute of the University of Copenhagen, founded in 1921 under Niels Bohr and a historic center of quantum physics.
Niels Henrik Abel
Niels Henrik Abel (1802–1829) was a Norwegian mathematician who proved the general fifth-degree equation cannot be solved by radicals, founded elliptic function theory, and died of tuberculosis at 26.
Nielsen Holdings
Nielsen Holdings, known as The Nielsen Company, is an American media measurement company founded by Arthur C. Nielsen in 1923, best known for US television audience ratings.
Nielsen Media Research
Nielsen Media Research is the American television audience measurement company whose Nielsen ratings have been the principal currency for U.S. TV advertising since their introduction in 1950.
Nielsen–Ninomiya theorem
The Nielsen–Ninomiya theorem, proved by Holger Bech Nielsen and Masao Ninomiya in 1981, is a lattice field theory no-go theorem forcing fermion doublers on any local, chirally symmetric lattice formulation.
Nien Dak Sze
Nien Dak Sze is an atmospheric scientist who co-founded the research company Atmospheric and Environmental Research in 1977, known for work on stratospheric sulfur chemistry and ozone depletion.
NIF ignition
NIF ignition is the first controlled fusion experiment to produce more energy than its laser delivered, achieved at the National Ignition Facility in California on December 5, 2022.
NiFe oxyhydroxide water oxidation films
NiFe oxyhydroxide water oxidation films are thin nickel–iron (oxy)hydroxide electrodes, often written NiFe(O)OH, that form in situ during operation and catalyze oxygen evolution in alkaline water electrolysis for green hydrogen.
Nigel Cooper
Nigel R. Cooper is a British theoretical physicist, professor at the Cavendish Laboratory in Cambridge, known for research on ultracold atoms, quantum gases, and topological phases of matter.
Nigel Goldenfeld
Nigel Goldenfeld is a British and American theoretical physicist, Chancellor's Distinguished Professor at UC San Diego since 2021, known for work on pattern formation, turbulence, and the origins of life.
Nigel Hitchin
Nigel Hitchin, born in 1946, is an English mathematician and Emeritus Savilian Professor of Geometry at Oxford, known for Higgs bundles and generalized complex geometry.
Nigel Weiss
Nigel Oscar Weiss (1936–2020) was a South African-born astrophysicist and applied mathematician at Cambridge, a world authority on sunspots and the Sun's 22-year magnetic cycle.
Nigericin
Nigericin is a polyether antibiotic produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus, first isolated in 1951, that exchanges K+ for H+ across membranes and serves as a canonical NLRP3 inflammasome activator.
Night
Night is the period when the Sun is below the horizon and a location receives no direct sunlight, in alternation with day as the Earth rotates.
Night sky
The night sky is the appearance of the heavens after dark: stars, the Moon and planets, the Milky Way, and faint glows seen against a never-black background.
Night-vision device
Night-vision devices are electro-optical instruments, such as monoculars and goggles, that enable users to observe a scene in total darkness by amplifying ambient light or detecting infrared.
Nihonium
Nihonium (ニホニウム), formerly ununtrium or eka-thallium, is a synthetic, radioactive superheavy element with atomic number 113, first synthesized at RIKEN in Japan in 2004 and named after Nihon, the Japanese word for Japan.
Nikita Nekrasov
Nikita Nekrasov, born 1973 in Moscow, is a Russian and French mathematical physicist known for the Nekrasov partition functions, the BPS/CFT correspondence, and the Nekrasov–Shatashvili limit.
Niklas Boers
Niklas Boers is a German Earth system scientist known for climate tipping-point research, professor at the Technical University of Munich and leader of a Future Lab at the Potsdam Institute.
Nikodem Caro
Nikodem Caro (1871–1935) was a German chemist and industrialist who, with Adolph Frank, developed the Frank–Caro process for nitrogen fixation, founding the German calcium cyanamide fertilizer industry before being driven into exile by the Nazis.
Nikolai Bogolyubov
Nikolai Bogolyubov was a Soviet mathematician and theoretical physicist, born in 1909, who created the microscopic theory of superfluidity and directed the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna from 1965 to 1989.
Nikolai Chebotaryov
Nikolai Chebotaryov (Николай Чеботарёв) was a Russian and Soviet mathematician who proved the Chebotarev density theorem in 1922, settling Frobenius's conjecture on the distribution of primes, and taught at Kazan University.
Nikolai Durov (Николай Валерьевич Дуров)
Nikolai Valeryevich Durov is a Russian mathematician from St. Petersburg, senior researcher at the Steklov Mathematical Institute, who co-founded VKontakte and Telegram and designed the MTProto protocol.
Nikolai Kardashev
Nikolai Kardashev, also known as Nikolai Semenovich Kardashev, was a Soviet and Russian radio astronomer who helped establish Soviet SETI, co-invented very-long-baseline interferometry, and proposed the Kardashev scale in 1964.
Nikolai Klimov (Николай Н. Климов)
Nikolai N. Klimov (Николай Н. Климов) is a Russian-born American experimental physicist at NIST who led the Cold Atom Vacuum Standard and received the 2024 PECASE award.
Nikolai Kochetkov
Nikolai Kochetkov, also known as Nikolai Konstantinovich Kochetkov, was a Soviet organic chemist (1915–2005) who created the orthoester method of glycosylation and first synthesized natural bacterial O-antigen polysaccharides.
Nikolai Krasovsky
Nikolai Nikolaevich Krasovsky (Николай Николаевич Красовский; 1924–2012) was a Russian mathematician who founded a major Ural school of control theory, known for the Krasovskii–LaSalle invariance principle.
Nikolai Krylov
Nikolai Krylov, also known as Nikolai Mitrofanovich Krylov, was a Russian and Soviet mathematician who, with his student Nikolai Bogolyubov, founded nonlinear mechanics and created the Krylov–Bogolyubov averaging method.
Nikolai Lobachevsky (Николай Иванович Лобачевский)
Nikolai Lobachevsky, also known as Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky, was a Russian mathematician (1792–1856) who first published non-Euclidean, now hyperbolic, geometry while rector of Kazan University.