Islands and dry-land coastal features

Giant's Causeway

Giant's Causeway, County Antrim, Northern Ireland: about 40,000 polygonal basalt columns formed by Palaeogene volcanism around 60 million years ago; UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1986, linked by legend to Fionn mac Cumhaill.

Gibbs Island

Gibbs Island (Ostrov Rozhnova) is a ~22 km² island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, 25 km southwest of Elephant Island, known for its dunite-serpentinite mantle complex and large chinstrap penguin, macaroni penguin, and southern fulmar colonies.

Gilbert Islands

Gilbert Islands: 16 low-lying coral atolls in central Micronesia, westernmost group of Kiribati (independent 1979), including capital atoll Tarawa and outlier Banaba; over 90% of Kiribati's population lives there.

Gilford Island

Gilford Island, a 388 sq km island in the Broughton Archipelago, British Columbia, between Tribune Channel and Knight Inlet; home of Gwa'yas'dums, main village of the Kwikwasut'inuxw Haxwa'mis First Nation.

Gili Islands

Gili Islands (Gili Tramena): Gili Trawangan, Gili Meno, Gili Air, three islands off north-west Lombok, Indonesia, in the Gili Matra marine park; Sasak 'gili' means island; car-free, dive-tourism economy of about 1 million visitors a year.

Gili Santigi

Gili Santigi: a name plotted on tourist maps of the Gili Islands, Lombok, Indonesia; also a Gili Air home stay, the former name of Pantai Senggigi, and the plant Pemphis acidula.

Gillock Island

Gillock Island is an ice-covered island on the eastern side of the Amery Ice Shelf, East Antarctica, named for USN Lieutenant Robert A. Gillock in 1952.

Glorioso Islands

Glorioso Islands (îles Glorieuses): French Scattered Islands coral archipelago in the northern Mozambique Channel, TAAF fifth district, disputed by Madagascar and the Comoros, ~7 km² land with a ~48,000 km² EEZ.

Goli Otok

Goli Otok (Barren Island), Croatian Adriatic island between Rab, Sveti Grgur, and Prvić; Yugoslavia's main political prison and forced labor camp, 1949–1988, holding about 13,000 Stalinist suspects; never memorialized.

Goodenough Island

Goodenough Island is a roughly circular volcanic island in Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea, and the westernmost of the three D'Entrecasteaux Islands off the New Guinea mainland.

Gossler Islands

Gossler Islands: group of north-south trending islands 3 mi in extent, 1.5 mi west of Cape Monaco, Anvers Island, Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica; discovered and named by Dallmann's German expedition 1873-74 after Hamburg financier Herr Gossler.

Gotland

Gotland: Sweden's largest island and a Baltic Sea island, county, province and municipality in one, with Silurian limestone rauks, Hanseatic Visby's UNESCO ring wall, ~61,000 residents, cement at Slite, mass summer tourism, and renewed NATO-era military significance.

Gourdin Island

Gourdin Island (Gourdin, islotes) is the largest island in a group north of Prime Head, northern Antarctic Peninsula, at 63°12′S 57°18′W. Discovered by d'Urville's 1837–40 expedition and named for Ensign Jean Gourdin, it is IBA Ant027 with Adélie, gentoo, and chinstrap penguin colonies.

Governors Island

Governors Island: 172-acre island in New York Harbor, half a mile from Lower Manhattan; former Army and Coast Guard post (1800–1996), now a public park with a 22-acre National Monument and a climate research mission.

Gozo

Gozo (Għawdex), Malta's second-largest island, 67 km² about 8 km offshore, population around 34,000; rural, home to the Ġgantija temples, ferry-linked to Malta, with per capita GDP at 63.6% of the national level.

Graham Bell Island

Graham Bell Island, an island in eastern Franz Josef Land, Barents Sea, Arctic Russia; about 1,640-1,708 km2, 71 percent glaciated, discovered by Baldwin in 1899, later a Soviet strategic-bomber ice airfield.

Graham Island

Graham Island, British Columbia: the northern and largest island of Haida Gwaii (Queen Charlotte Islands), over 6,000 square km, named 1853 by Commander Prevost after Sir James Robert Graham; distinct from Graham Islands in Nunavut, Australia, and Graham Land, Antarctica.

Graham Land

Graham Land is the northern portion of the Antarctic Peninsula, north of the Cape Jeremy–Cape Agassiz line, named in 1832 after Sir James Graham; the 1934–37 Rymill expedition proved it is part of the continent, and a 1964 US-UK agreement fixed its modern scope.

Gran Canaria

Gran Canaria is a volcanic Canary Island of about 1,560 km2 with capital Las Palmas de Gran Canaria; conquered by Castile from 1478, a royal (realengo) island, UNESCO Biosphere Reserve since 2005, and a major European tourist destination.

Grand Bahama

Grand Bahama, northernmost Bahamian island on the Little Bahama Bank, home to Freeport, the country's second city and shipping hub; devastated by Hurricane Dorian in 2019, now rebounding on cruise tourism and multi-billion-dollar investment.

Grand Cayman

Grand Cayman is the largest of the three Cayman Islands, a British Overseas Territory in the western Caribbean, home to George Town, Seven Mile Beach, and an economy built on financial services and tourism.

Grand Turk Island

Grand Turk Island, Turks and Caicos: capital Cockburn Town since 1766, 18 km², 4,831 residents (2012). Historic Bermudian sea-salt island, John Glenn's 1962 landing site, and home of the Carnival-operated Grand Turk Cruise Center.

Grande-Terre

Grande-Terre is the eastern, flat limestone island of mainland Guadeloupe in the Lesser Antilles, separated from volcanic Basse-Terre by the Rivière Salée; about 590 km², sugar cane economy, main town Pointe-à-Pitre.

Grant Island

Grant Island is the name of several islands, chiefly an ice-covered Antarctic island off Marie Byrd Land, 20 mi long, charted by USS Glacier in 1962 and named for Cdr. E.G. Grant; also places in Alaska, Canada, and Oceania, and Grant Land in Ellesmere Island.

Great Barrier Island

Great Barrier Island, known in Māori as Aotea, is an island in the outer Hauraki Gulf of New Zealand, about 100 km northeast of Auckland, named Great Barrier by James Cook in 1769.

Great Britain

Great Britain is the largest island of the British Isles, containing England, Scotland, and Wales; the UK adds Northern Ireland. Area 209,331 km2, united as the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707, separated from Europe by Doggerland's flooding about 7000 years ago.

Great Nicobar Island

Great Nicobar: largest and southernmost island of India's Nicobar archipelago, 910 sq km, UNESCO biosphere reserve, home of the Shompen and Nicobarese, and site of the contested Rs 81,000-crore port, airport, township and power plant project.

Great Orme

Great Orme (Pen y Gogarth, Y Gogarth): 207-metre limestone headland at Llandudno, north Wales, with Bronze Age copper mines, SSSI/SAC and Heritage Coast designations, Kashmiri goats, and Britain's only cable-hauled public-road tramway (1902).

Greater and Lesser Tunbs

Greater and Lesser Tunbs (Tunb-e Bozorg and Tunb-e Kuchak): two Persian Gulf islands near the Strait of Hormuz seized by Iran on 30 November 1971 and claimed by the UAE emirate of Ras al-Khaimah; militarized by Iran, disputed at the UN, and struck during the 2026 war.