3,546 articles
Fentale
Fentale (Fantale) is a 2,007 m stratovolcano with a 2.5 x 4.5 km caldera at the north end of Ethiopia's Main Ethiopian Rift; last erupted 1789 CE, with major 2015 and 2024-2025 dyke intrusions and earthquake swarms.
Fergana Valley
Fergana Valley, Ferghana Valley, Central Asian basin shared by Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Kyrgyzstan; densely populated irrigated Syr Darya heartland with Soviet-era enclaves, contested borders, and a 2025 Kyrgyz–Tajik border settlement.
Fergusson Island
Fergusson Island (Moratau), largest of the D'Entrecasteaux Islands in Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea; 1,437 km2, volcanic, peak 2,073 m, named by Moresby in 1874, with Deidei geysers and Wapolu gold mine.
Ferin Head
Ferin Head, also historically Île Férin or Ferin Island, is a headland on the Graham Coast of Graham Land, Antarctica, 4 nautical miles north of Holtedahl Bay, charted as an island by Charcot's 1908–10 expedition and remapped as a headland by the BGLE in 1935.
Fernando de Noronha
Fernando de Noronha is a volcanic Brazilian Atlantic archipelago of 21 islands, 26 km², a UNESCO Natural World Heritage Site (2001) and Pernambuco state district, known for spinner dolphins, seabirds, ten colonial forts, and a 2027 solar energy transition.
Fernão do Pó
Fernão do Pó, also spelled Fernando Po, was a Portuguese navigator who discovered the island now called Bioko around 1471 and explored the Wouri estuary, naming it Rio dos Camarões, origin of the name Cameroon.
Fezouata Formation
Fezouata Formation (Fezouata Shale), Early Ordovician Lagerstätte in Morocco's Anti-Atlas, about 479-478 Ma, preserving over 185 taxa of Burgess Shale-type and Ordovician Radiation marine invertebrates, discovered around 2000 by Mohamed Ben Moula.
Fingal's Cave
Fingal's Cave, or An Uamh Binn, is a 70 m deep sea cave of hexagonal basalt columns on Staffa, Inner Hebrides, formed by Paleocene lava and wave erosion, and made famous by Joseph Banks and Mendelssohn's Hebrides Overture.
Finnmarksvidda
Finnmarksvidda, Norway's largest mountain plateau (vidde), over 22,000 km² in interior Finnmark at 300–500 m; subarctic continental climate, Precambrian gneiss, Weichselian till stratigraphy, permafrost palsas, and Sami reindeer winter pastures.
Fire Island
Fire Island is a roughly 50 km barrier island off Long Island's south shore, New York, with seventeen year-round communities and the Fire Island National Seashore, established in 1964.
Firn
Firn, called névé during its first year, is snow older than one year compacted into grains denser than 550 kg per cubic meter, the transition between snow and glacial ice.
Fisher Island, Florida
Fisher Island, Florida (ZIP 33109): a 216-acre private barrier-island community off Miami Beach, ferry-only access, created by the 1905–1911 Government Cut dredging, owned successively by Carl Fisher, Vanderbilt II, and Rebozo interests.
Fishers Island, New York
Fishers Island is a resort island in Southold, New York, in eastern Long Island Sound, four miles from Connecticut and reachable only by ferry or plane.
Fissure
A fissure is a deep, narrow crack in rock or the earth, ranging from volcanic vents that erupt lava along linear cracks to ground fissures opened by subsidence.
Fitz Roy
Fitz Roy, also called Cerro Chaltén, is a 3,405 m granite peak in Los Glaciares National Park, Patagonia, Argentina, first climbed in 1952 by Terray and Magnone and famed for hard Patagonian routes.
Flade Isblink
Flade Isblink is an ice cap in Kronprins Christian Land, northeastern Greenland, near Station Nord; at about 8,500 km2 it is Greenland's largest ice cap outside the ice sheet, with surging outlet glaciers, a 2015 subglacial lake drainage, and near-zero mass change in the 2000s.
Flaherty Island
Flaherty Island, largest island of the Belcher Islands in southeastern Hudson Bay, Nunavut, Canada; about 1,858 km², named for explorer Robert J. Flaherty, and home to Sanikiluaq, Nunavut's southernmost Inuit community, on its north coast.
Flash Flood Alley
Flash Flood Alley is the Central Texas region along the Balcones Escarpment, from Dallas–Fort Worth through Austin and San Antonio, prone to deadly flash floods from steep terrain, shallow soils, and intense rainfall.
Flat Top Mtn.
Flat Top Mtn. (Flat Top Mountain) names several peaks, notably Colorado's highest Flat Tops summit on the volcanic-capped White River Plateau, plus Table Top (AZ, 4,373 ft), Texas, Alaska, and New Zealand flat-topped mountains.
Fleming Glacier
Fleming Glacier, a fast-flowing glacier on the southwest Antarctic Peninsula feeding the former Wordie Ice Shelf, named for W.L.S. Fleming; accelerated, thinned up to 160 m, and retreated after the shelf's disintegration.
Fletcher Peninsula
Fletcher Peninsula, an ice-covered peninsula in Ellsworth Land, Antarctica, extends into the Bellingshausen Sea between the Abbot and Venable ice shelves at 72°45′S 88°50′W; mapped by USGS 1961–66, distinct from Fletcher Promontory and Cape Fletcher.
Flevopolder
Flevopolder is the world's largest artificial island, a 970 km² pair of reclaimed polders in the IJsselmeer built between 1950 and 1968 as part of the Zuiderzee Works.
Flinders Island
Flinders Island, largest of Tasmania's Furneaux Group in Bass Strait, about 1,367 km2 with Mount Strzelecki at 756 m; known for Aboriginal occupation over 35,000 years, the Wybalenna settlement, sealing history, agriculture, and tourism.
Florence Nunatak
Florence Nunatak, also Nunatak Yamana (Argentina), is a 340 m nunatak east-northeast of Potter Cove, King George Island, South Shetland Islands, named for the 1876-77 sealing ship Florence and formed of Tertiary calc-alkaline volcanic rock.
Flores
Flores is an Indonesian island in East Nusa Tenggara, Lesser Sunda Islands, east of Sumbawa; home of Komodo National Park, Homo floresiensis at Liang Bua, Kelimutu lakes, and major earthquakes and volcanoes.
Florida Keys
The Florida Keys are an island chain off southern Florida along North America's only coral barrier reef, protected by Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (1990), linked by the Overseas Highway, and facing coral bleaching and disease decline.
Florida panhandle
The Florida panhandle is the northwestern Gulf-coast strip of Florida, about 16 counties including Tallahassee, marked by barrier islands, Spanish presidio history, a large military economy, and Deep South culture.
Florida Peninsula
The Florida Peninsula is the low-lying peninsula of the southeastern United States, extending between the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean to the Everglades and Florida Keys.
Florida sinkhole alley
Florida sinkhole alley is the band of west-central Florida counties around Tampa where sinkhole claims concentrate; Hernando, Pasco, and Hillsborough held 66 percent of Florida's claims from 2006 to 2009.
Flowstone
Flowstone is a sheet-like cave deposit formed by films of flowing water that leave layers of calcite on cave floors, walls, and ceilings, often resembling frozen waterfalls.