190 articles
Salta (city)
Salta, capital of Salta Province in northwestern Argentina, founded 16 April 1582 as San Felipe de Lerma; colonial city in the Lerma Valley at about 1,150 m altitude, 2022 agglomeration population 671,015, major tourism center.
San Cristóbal, Táchira
San Cristóbal, Táchira: Venezuelan Andean city, capital of Táchira state and its largest municipality, founded 31 March 1561 by Juan Maldonado; 263,764 municipal inhabitants, about 50 km from Colombia.
San Felipe, Yaracuy
San Felipe, Yaracuy: capital of Yaracuy state, Venezuela, founded as San Felipe El Fuerte by Royal Cédula in 1729, destroyed by the 26 March 1812 earthquake, later rebuilt; ruins preserved in its archaeological park.
San Fernando de Apure
San Fernando de Apure, capital of Venezuela's Apure state on the Apure River in the Llanos; founded 28 February 1788 by Governor Fernando Miyares González; cattle-ranching and river-trade hub, tropical savanna climate, flood-prone.
San Gil
San Gil is a municipality in the department of Santander in northeastern Colombia, founded in 1689 and known nationally as the adventure-sports and tourist capital of Santander.
San Lorenzo, Central Department
San Lorenzo del Campo Grande, a city in Central Department, Paraguay, 9 km from Asunción; founded 1775 by Agustín Fernando de Pinedo on former Jesuit lands; 225,395 residents (2022 census); home of the Universidad Nacional de Asunción campus.
San Miguel de Tucumán
San Miguel de Tucumán, capital of Tucumán Province, Argentina; founded 1565 at Ibatín by Diego de Villarroel, moved 1685 to the Río Salí. Site of the 1812 Battle of Tucumán and the 9 July 1816 Declaration of Independence; 590,342 inhabitants (2022).
San Salvador de Jujuy
San Salvador de Jujuy, originally San Salvador de Velasco, capital of Jujuy Province, Argentina, founded 19 April 1593 by Francisco de Argañaraz; 381,022 residents in its 2022 agglomerate, gateway to the Quebrada de Humahuaca.
Santa Cruz de la Sierra
Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia's largest city, founded 26 February 1561 by Ñuflo de Chaves; capital of Santa Cruz department, 1.6 million inhabitants (2024), center of Bolivian agroindustry and autonomy movement.
Santa Marta
Santa Marta, Colombia's oldest surviving city (founded 29 July 1525 by Rodrigo de Bastidas), capital of Magdalena department, a Caribbean port and tourist city at the foot of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, marking its 500th anniversary in 2025.
Santa Teresa del Tuy
Santa Teresa del Tuy is a Venezuelan city in the Valles del Tuy, Miranda state, capital of Independencia municipality, founded in 1761 and named for Saint Teresa of Ávila.
Santiago
Santiago (Santiago de Chile), capital of Chile, founded 12 February 1541 by Pedro de Valdivia in the Mapocho valley; primate city with 35.3% of Chile's population, marked by seismic history, basin air pollution, and pronounced socioeconomic segregation.
Santiago del Estero
Santiago del Estero, capital of its homonymous province in northern Argentina on the Río Dulce; officially founded 25 July 1553 by Francisco de Aguirre after Núñez de Prado's 1550 Ciudad del Barco; oldest Argentine city, 'Madre de Ciudades', 311,487 inhabitants (2022).
Santo Domingo de los Colorados
Santo Domingo de los Colorados, also called Santo Domingo, is the capital city of Ecuador's Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas province, fourth most populous, a road hub between Sierra and Costa, named for the achiote-dyed Tsáchila ('colorados').
Santos, São Paulo
Santos is a coastal port city in São Paulo state, Brazil, founded in 1546, whose port is the largest in Latin America, handling about 30% of Brazil's foreign trade.
São José de Ribamar
São José de Ribamar (Maranhão, Brazil), a municipality on Ilha de Upaon-Açu in the Grande São Luís region; 244,579 residents (2022 census), pilgrimage center of Saint Joseph with a 13-day September festival, created 1913, renamed 1969.
Sincelejo
Sincelejo, capital of Colombia's Sucre department in the Caribbean savanna, a livestock and trade city of about 314,000 people, founded as San Francisco de Asís de Sincelejo and refounded by Antonio de la Torre y Miranda in 1775.
Soacha
Soacha, a municipality in Cundinamarca, Colombia, directly south of Bogotá; also called Soacha-Cundinamarca. Seventh most populous Colombian city, 808,288 census inhabitants, major migrant destination, TransMilenio corridor and Metro Line 3 terminus.
Socorro, Santander
Socorro, also written El Socorro, is a municipality and provincial capital in Santander, Colombia, the main seat of the 1781 Comunero insurrection and of the 1810 declaration of independence.
Sogamoso
Sogamoso, historically Suamox or Sugamuxi, is a city in Boyacá, Colombia, and the former religious capital of the Muisca, home to the Temple of the Sun.
Sucre
Sucre, Bolivia's constitutional capital and capital of Chuquisaca department, founded 1538 as La Plata, renamed 1839 for Antonio José de Sucre; UNESCO World Heritage historic city since 1991.
Sumaré
Sumaré is a municipality in São Paulo state, Brazil, in the Campinas Metropolitan Region, about 18 km from Campinas. Formerly Rebouças district, emancipated 1953; 279,545 residents (2022 census), industrial economy, GDP R$ 19 billion (2023).
Tacna (city)
Tacna, southernmost city of Peru and capital of the Tacna region near the Chile border; 'Ciudad Heroica' (1828), Chilean-occupied 1880–1929, returned by the Treaty of Lima; about 286,000 residents (2017).
Talca
Talca, Chile: city and comuna, capital of Maule Region and Talca Province. Founded 1692, refounded as Villa San Agustín de Talca in 1742 by Manso de Velasco; city title 1796; independence sworn there 1818; rebuilt after the 1928 earthquake.
Tandil
Tandil is a city in southeastern Buenos Aires Province, Argentina, founded 4 April 1823 as Fuerte Independencia by Martín Rodríguez. Known for the Tandilia hills, the Piedra Movediza, cured sausages and cheeses, and a regional technology pole.
Tarma
Tarma is a city in the central Peruvian Andes, capital of Tarma Province in Junín, Peru, about 230 kilometers east of Lima at an altitude of 3,050 meters.
Temuco
Temuco (Temuko) is the capital of Chile's La Araucanía Region and Cautín Province, founded 24 February 1881 by Manuel Recabarren as a frontier fort on the Cautín River; 2024 census population 292,518.
Trelew
Trelew, city in the lower Chubut River valley, Patagonia, Argentina; founded 1886 as a Welsh railway terminus named for Lewis Jones; processes 90% of Argentine wool; over 100,000 inhabitants.
Tuluá
Tuluá (Corazón del Valle) is a municipality of about 220,000 people in central Valle del Cauca, Colombia, 102 km from Cali; a commercial and agro-industrial hub marked by 2024 gang violence and fiscal vulnerability.
Tumbes
Tumbes is a region and city on the extreme northern coast of Peru, on the border with Ecuador, and the first Peruvian city to gain independence in 1821.