234 articles
Saarbrücken
Saarbrücken (French Sarrebruck) is the capital of the German state of Saarland, the only German large city on the French border. About 187,000 residents, founded as a city in 1909 by merger; documented castle sarabruca in 999.
Salzgitter
Salzgitter, German city in Lower Saxony, founded April 1, 1942 as Watenstedt-Salzgitter around the Reichswerke Hermann Göring steelworks; about 105,000 residents, 31 districts, third-largest industrial location in Lower Saxony, now converting steelmaking to hydrogen-based SALCOS production.
Sasbach
Sasbach names two municipalities in Baden-Württemberg: Sasbach in the Ortenaukreis (5,348 residents, first recorded 750, battle of 1675, Turenne monument) and Sasbach am Kaiserstuhl in Emmendingen (Sponeck Roman fort and castle, Alte Limburg).
Saxony
Saxony (Freistaat Sachsen) is an eastern German federal state of about 4 million people with capital Dresden, refounded in 1990; Europe's largest semiconductor location (Silicon Saxony) and a leading ZEW-ranked business location.
Schkopau
Schkopau is a municipality in the Saalekreis district of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany, about 10 km south of Halle, best known for the Buna chemical works founded in 1936 and now operated by Dow.
Schkortleben
Schkortleben, a Saale village in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany, part of Weißenfels since 2010 with Kriechau; first recorded about 1300 as Zcurtelebe, manor owned by the Biesenrodt, Breitenbauch, and Scharf families until 1945.
Schlossau
Schlossau is a village in the municipality of Mudau in the Odenwald region of Baden-Württemberg, Germany, best known for the Roman fort that stood there on the Odenwaldlimes.
Schwerin
Schwerin is a city in northern Germany and the state capital of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, founded by Henry the Lion in 1160 and known for its island castle, a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2024.
Siegen
Siegen is a university city of about 102,000 people in southern North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, shaped by 2,500 years of iron mining and now the University of Siegen's home.
Siesbach
Siesbach is a Hunsrück village in Birkenfeld county, Rhineland-Palatinate, first recorded in 1284. It is known for the Gallo-Roman burial mound "Kipp" (167–175 AD) and the early Celtic princely grave "Ameis".
Sinsheim
Sinsheim, also Sunnensheim, is a Große Kreisstadt of about 37,000 residents in the Rhein-Neckar-Kreis, Baden-Württemberg, first recorded 770/771, a town since 1192, home to the Technik Museum.
Solingen
Solingen, the Klingenstadt (City of Blades), is a kreisfreie city in North Rhine-Westphalia near Wuppertal and Remscheid, with about 164,600 residents, town rights from 1374, and Germany's historic center of cutlery and blade manufacturing.
Speyer
Speyer (Spira), Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany: kreisfreie city of ~51,000 on the Rhine with Speyer Cathedral, the imperial Salian mausoleum, the ShUM Judenhof Jewish heritage site (UNESCO 2021), and the Technik Museum.
Starnberg
Starnberg is a Bavarian town at the northern end of Lake Starnberg, about 25 km southwest of Munich, first recorded in 1226, with about 23,940 residents (2023), a Wittelsbach summer palace history, and connections to Empress Sisi and King Ludwig II.
States of Germany
States of Germany (Länder, singular Land): the 16 constituent states of the Federal Republic, including three city-states (Berlin, Hamburg, Bremen). Five eastern Länder were reestablished by the Ländereinführungsgesetz of 22 July 1990 and joined on 3 October 1990.
Stockstadt
Stockstadt names two German municipalities: Stockstadt am Main in Bavaria, site of a major Roman Main-Limes fort, vicus, harbour, and mithraeum (c. 90-270 AD), and Stockstadt am Rhein in Hesse, a former Rhine harbor town.
Stuttgart
Stuttgart, capital of Baden-Württemberg since 1952, is a German city of about 605,000 in the Neckar basin, a mobility-industry and financial center, home of Stuttgart 21 and Rosenstein, with a Climate Mobility Plan targeting 40% CO2 cuts by 2030.
Süderbrarup
Süderbrarup (Danish: Sønder Brarup), municipality in Angeln, Schleswig-Holstein, seat of the Amt Süderbrarup. Home of the Thorsberger Moor Iron Age war-booty sacrifice, a 1,200-urn marketplace urnfield, the Kummerhy mound, and the Brarup-Markt funfair.
Sulz
Sulz (Sulz am Neckar), Baden-Württemberg: Roman cohort fort built about 74 AD under Vespasian, garrisoned by about 500 auxiliaries, abandoned around 90 AD; its vicus, painted Römerkeller museum, and medieval salt town first documented in 790.
Torgau
Torgau, a town of about 19,000 on the Elbe in northwest Saxony between Wittenberg and Meißen, was the Ernestine electors' Renaissance residence, a Reformation center with Hartenfels Castle, and the site of the 1945 Elbe Day Allied link-up.
Trier
Trier (Augusta Treverorum) is a Moselle city in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany's oldest city, founded 16/17 BC, a late Roman imperial capital, and a UNESCO World Heritage site since 1986 with the Porta Nigra, Cathedral, and Church of Our Lady.
Tübingen
Tübingen, a university town on the Neckar in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, south of Stuttgart; home of Eberhard Karls Universität (founded 1477), about 92,600 inhabitants, medieval old town, Hölderlinturm, and a 2030 climate-neutrality goal.
Tuttlingen
Tuttlingen, Baden-Württemberg district town on the Upper Danube; first recorded 797 as "tuttiliningas", Württemberg since 1376, site of the 1643 battle, Honberg fortress ruin, and a suspected Roman limes fort.
Ulm
Ulm, Baden-Württemberg city on the Danube opposite Neu-Ulm; 129,942 residents (2023), Ulmer Münster tower 161.53 m, Free Imperial City history, Science City with Universität Ulm, and ratiopharm, SETRA, Gardena.
Ulm Minster
Ulm Minster (Ulmer Münster), Gothic Lutheran church in Ulm, Germany; begun 1377, finished 1890; 161.53 m tower was the world's tallest church tower until Sagrada Família surpassed it in 2025.
Unterkirchberg
Unterkirchberg: village in Illerkirchberg, Alb-Donau-Kreis, Baden-Württemberg, first recorded 1148 as Chirchberg. Seat of the Counts of Kirchberg, St. Martin's church of Kloster Wiblingen, and site of the largest Roman auxiliary fort on the upper Danube Limes.
Unterschwaningen
Unterschwaningen, a municipality in the Ansbach district of Middle Franconia, Bavaria, with districts Oberschwaningen, Dennenlohe, and Kröttenbach; first recorded 1053 as Sweiningen, site of a Roman Limes fort and a margravial summer residence.
Velbert
Velbert, the "City of Locks" in the Mettmann district, North Rhine-Westphalia, lies between Düsseldorf, Essen, and Wuppertal. First recorded 875; lock and fittings industry since about 1700; three districts, Velbert-Mitte, Langenberg, and Neviges, merged in 1975; about 82,000-85,000 residents.
Wachtberg-Berkum
Wachtberg-Berkum (Berkum), district and administrative seat of Wachtberg in Rhein-Sieg-Kreis, Germany; documented by 856, with Roman quarries on the 263 m Hohenberg whose trachyte built Cologne Cathedral.
Waghäusel
Waghäusel, a Große Kreisstadt in Landkreis Karlsruhe, Baden-Württemberg, formed 1975 from Kirrlach, Waghäusel, and Wiesental; known for the Eremitage palace, the Roman Wagbachkastell, and its 1837–1995 sugar factory.