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Archaeological sites and site complexes

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Pèbre

Pèbre (villa antique de Pèbre) is a Roman and late antique villa at Vinon-sur-Verdon, Var, France, occupied 1st–5th centuries, famed for mosaics including a Martial-verse pavement now in Manosque town hall, rediscovered in 2020 and listed MH in 2022.

Pedonia

Pedonia, also spelled Pidonia, was an ancient coastal locality of Marmarica, Egypt, between Alexandria and Paraetonium, described by Strabo and Ptolemy and now identified with Marsa Abu Samra.

Pedonianis

Pedonianis (also Pedolanis, Pediolanis) is a Roman road station on the Tabula Peutingeriana between Augustis and Esco, located at Krushovene, Bulgaria; Pleiades 216924, identified with the fortress Valeriana.

Peel Castle

Peel Castle (Cashtal Phurt ny H-Inshey), a ruined fortress on St Patrick's Isle, Peel, Isle of Man: Viking fort of 1098, St German's Cathedral, 15th century curtain walls, Pagan Lady burial, Manx National Heritage site.

Pelargikon wall

Pelargikon (Πελαργικόν, Pelasgikon), the prehistoric fortification of the Acropolis of Athens: a Cyclopean wall about 6 m thick built in the late 13th century B.C., with a slope wall and cursed enclosure known to Thucydides.

Pelendava

Pelendava: Dacian settlement and Roman fort on the Jiu river at modern Craiova, Romania, named on the Tabula Peutingeriana; garrisoned by Numerus Mauritanorum, site identified 2014 at Coșuna Monastery, Mofleni.

Pellana (Mycenaean cemetery)

Pellana (Πελλάνα) is a Mycenaean rock-cut tholos cemetery at Spilies near the village of Pellana, Laconia, 25–30 km north of Sparta; in use c. 1500–1200 BC, with a royal Great Tomb over 10 m across, tied by its excavator Spyropoulos to Homeric Lakedaimon.

Pelodes Limen

Pelodes Limen (Πηλώδης λιμήν), "muddy harbour", the ancient Greek name for the harbour and lagoon of Butrint (Buthrotum), Albania, attested by Hecataeus, Strabo, and Ptolemy, and the Palodes of Plutarch's Great Pan story.

Pen Coed-foel Camp

Pen Coed-foel Camp, also Pencoed y Foel Hillfort (NPRN 92243), is an Iron Age hillfort near Llandysul, Ceredigion, Wales, a circular fort on a hilltop in the Teifi valley, dated about 800 BC to AD 74.

Pen Llystyn

Pen Llystyn was a Roman auxiliary fort near Bryncir in Gwynedd, north Wales, built around AD 80 and destroyed by gravel quarrying after its discovery in 1957.

Pen-Llwyn fort

Pen-Llwyn fort (NPRN 92323, SAM CD134) is a 2.7-hectare Flavian Roman auxiliary fort at Melindwr, Ceredigion, Wales, found as cropmarks in 1976, with triple ditches, turf rampart, wooden buildings, occupied to about AD 125-140.

Pen-y-crug

Pen-y-crug: large oval multivallate Iron Age hillfort on an isolated hill 2 km northwest of Brecon, Powys; four ramparts, 1.92 ha interior, scheduled monument BR063, later a brick and tile works site.

Pen-y-Gaer Roman fort

Pen-y-Gaer Roman fort (near Bwlch, Powys) is a small Flavian auxiliary fort, about 1.2 ha, midway between Brecon Gaer and Abergavenny, occupied c. 80-130 AD with a vicus revealed by 2018 drought aerial photography.

Penne Locos

Penne Locos, also recorded as Pennolucos, was a Roman road station at the eastern end of Lake Geneva, identified with the modern town of Villeneuve in canton Vaud, Switzerland.

Pennymuir

Pennymuir (Towford): group of four Roman temporary marching camps on Dere Street near the head of Kale Water, Scottish Borders, about 15 miles east of Hawick; Camp A encloses 42 acres; scheduled monument SM1707.

Penteskouphia

Penteskouphia, site southwest of Acrocorinth near Corinth, source of about 1,000 Archaic votive terracotta plaques (pinakes) dedicated to Poseidon from 1879, famed for depictions of potters, kilns, and workshop scenes.

Penydarren Roman fort

Penydarren Roman fort: Flavian-period Roman auxiliary fort in Merthyr Tydfil, Wales, about 2.3 ha with a garrison of at least 500, occupied until around AD 140, now beneath a football stadium.

Pepiron villa rustica

Pepiron (Pépiron) villa rustica: a Gallo-Roman farming villa at Saint-Just-Luzac, Charente-Maritime, France, excavated 1960-1967 by Gabet and David; hypocaust-heated pars urbana with baths, pars rustica, wells, finds in Rochefort museum.

Pergamon Altar

Pergamon Altar (Great Altar of Zeus), monumental 2nd-century BC Attalid marble altar from Pergamon, Bergama, Turkey, with 113 m Gigantomachy frieze; excavated by Carl Humann, displayed in Berlin's Pergamon Museum, closed since 2023, reopening 2027.

Périgueux Roman amphitheater

Périgueux Roman amphitheater (amphithéâtre de Périgueux), the 140 x 116 m, 18,000-seat amphitheater of Gallo-Roman Vesunna in Dordogne, France; solid structure, no basement, later rampart bastion, now the Jardin des Arènes.

Persepolis (تخت جمشید)

Persepolis, known in Persian as Takht-e Jamshid, is the ruined Achaemenid palace complex near Shiraz, Iran, begun by Darius I about 518 BCE and burned in 330 BCE.

Persian and Hellenistic Administrative Building (PHAB), Tel Kedesh

The Persian and Hellenistic Administrative Building is a monumental public building at Tel Kedesh in Israel's Upper Galilee, used as a regional administrative center from about 500 to 144 BCE.

Peschiera necropolis

Peschiera necropolis (Necropoli della Peschiera) is an Etruscan rock-cut necropolis at Tuscania in Lazio, central Italy, in use from the 8th to the 1st century BC.

Petavonium

Petavonium, at Rosinos de Vidriales (Zamora, Spain), was a Roman legionary fortress of Legio X Gemina and later the auxiliary fort of the Ala II Flavia Hispanorum, with unaltered camps of 17.35 and 4.7 hectares.

Peterborough Petroglyphs

The Peterborough Petroglyphs are more than 900 Indigenous rock carvings on white marble in Petroglyphs Provincial Park, Ontario, made by Algonquian-speaking peoples between 900 and 1400 CE.

Petra

Petra (Raqmu) is the rock-cut Nabataean capital in southern Jordan, a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1985 and a New Seven Wonder (2007), famed for the Siq, the Treasury, and its ancient water engineering.

Petra/Fundus Petrensis

Petra (Fundus Petrensis), a fortified Roman-era Berber estate in the Soummam valley, Algeria, built by Sammac, brother of Firmus; known from Ammianus Marcellinus and a 1900 Latin verse inscription at Mlakou.

Petroglyphic Complexes of the Mongolian Altai

Petroglyphic Complexes of the Mongolian Altai, a serial UNESCO World Heritage Site (2011) in Bayan-Ulgii, Mongolia: three rock art sites, Tsagaan Salaa-Baga Oigor, Upper Tsagaan Gol, and Aral Tolgoi, whose carvings span about 12,000 years from mammoth-steppe hunters to Turkic nomads.

Petroglyphs along the Bangucheon Stream

Petroglyphs along the Bangucheon Stream (반구천의 암각화), a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Ulsan, South Korea, inscribed July 2025; Daegok-ri and Cheonjeon-ri rock panels with engravings from 5,000 BCE to the 9th century CE, including rare whale-hunting scenes.

Petroglyphs of Lake Onega and the White Sea

Petroglyphs of Lake Onega and the White Sea (Петроглифы Онежского озера и Белого моря), UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2021 in Karelia, Russia: over 4,500 Neolithic Pit-Comb Ware culture carvings, circa 4500-3500 BCE, in 33 panels at two sites 300 km apart.