2,436 articles
Melaleuca quinquenervia
Melaleuca quinquenervia (broad-leaved paperbark, punk tree, niaouli) is an Australian Myrtaceae tree yielding niaouli essential oil, and a notorious Everglades invader introduced to Florida from 1886, now controlled by Oxyops vitiosa and Boreioglycaspis melaleucae.
Melville Bay
Melville Bay is a bay on the northwest Greenland coast, named by Sir John Ross in 1818 and protected since 1977 as a nature reserve for narwhal and polar bear habitat, with only quota-regulated traditional narwhal hunting permitted.
Menai Bay Conservation Area
Menai Bay Conservation Area is a 470 km² marine protected area off southwest Unguja, Zanzibar, established in 1997 and the island's largest, home to endangered humpback dolphins.
Menihek Lakes
Menihek Lakes (Innu: Minaiku) is a lake system in western Labrador on the upper Churchill River, site of the 18 MW Menihek hydroelectric station built in 1954 to power the Schefferville iron ore mines.
Mesopotamian Marshes (أهوار العراق)
The Mesopotamian Marshes (أهوار العراق), also called the Iraqi Marshlands or Ahwar, are a large wetland system in southern Iraq where the Tigris and Euphrates rivers meet, the largest freshwater wetland in the Middle East.
Messinian salinity crisis
Messinian salinity crisis: late Miocene (5.97–5.33 Ma) isolation of the Mediterranean from the Atlantic, up to 2.5 km drawdown, Mediterranean Salt Giant deposition, Lago-Mare phase, and Zanclean megaflood refilling.
Meta
Meta (Río Meta), major Colombian river and largest Colombian tributary of the Orinoco, about 804-1,250 km long, rising in the Andes, crossing the Llanos Orientales, navigable, joining the Orinoco near Puerto Carreño.
Meuse
The Meuse (Maas) is a ~950 km rain-fed European river rising on the Langres plateau, flowing through France, Belgium and the Netherlands to the Rhine delta; canalized, internationally managed, hit by record 2021 floods.
Mexico Basin
Mexico Basin, formerly Sigsbee Deep, is a GEBCO-registered undersea basin in the deep Gulf of Mexico between 22°30′N 95°00′W and 25°00′N 90°00′W; distinct from the landlocked Basin of Mexico.
Mezen
Mezen (Мезень), river in the Komi Republic and Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia; 966 km, basin 78,000 km², flows from the Timan Ridge into Mezen Bay of the White Sea; city of Mezen at its mouth.
Miami River (Florida)
The Miami River is a 5.5-mile tidal river in Miami, Florida, running from the Miami Canal to Biscayne Bay and carrying hundreds of freight vessels a year to Caribbean ports.
Mid-Atlantic Ridge
Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR): slow-spreading divergent plate boundary down the center of the Atlantic, 87°N to 54°S, 2–5 cm/yr, Grand Canyon-scale rift valley, discovered 1950s, explored by submersible in Project FAMOUS 1974.
Mid-ocean ridge
Mid-ocean ridge: the global chain of underwater volcanic mountains at divergent plate boundaries, about 65,000 km long; new oceanic crust forms by seafloor spreading, with slow ridges like the Mid-Atlantic Ridge showing rift valleys and fast ridges like the East Pacific Rise smooth axial highs.
Middle America Trench
The Middle America Trench is a Pacific Ocean trench off Mexico and Central America where the Cocos and Rivera plates subduct beneath the North American and Caribbean plates.
Middle Amu Darya
Middle Amu Darya: FEOW freshwater ecoregion 630, the middle and lower-middle Amu Darya basin from south of Urgench upstream to the Vakhsh, Kafirnigan, Surkhandarya, and Kunduz rivers, spanning six Central Asian countries, with endemic sturgeons and heavy irrigation-driven salinization.
Middle Amur
Middle Amur, FEOW freshwater ecoregion 617 (temperate upland rivers, Palearctic), the middle Amur River with Zeya and Bureya catchments in Russia and China; Bureya grayling endemic, autumn keta run extirpated, Zeya and Bureya dams reshape flow.
Middle Brahmaputra
The Middle Brahmaputra is a freshwater ecoregion covering the tropical and subtropical upland rivers of the middle Brahmaputra basin in India, Bhutan, and southeast Tibet.
Middle Missouri
Middle Missouri, FEOW freshwater ecoregion 143, a temperate floodplain rivers and wetlands region covering the middle Missouri River basin from central North Dakota to northwestern Colorado, with no known endemic fish, mussels, crayfish, or aquatic herpetofauna.
Middle Passage
The Middle Passage was the middle leg of the triangular Atlantic slave trade, carrying enslaved Africans to the Americas, 1526-1866; about 12.5 million embarked, 10.7 million survived, with roughly 15 percent average voyage mortality.
Middle Yangtze
Middle Yangtze: FEOW freshwater ecoregion 765 in China, temperate upland rivers from the Sichuan basin through the Three Gorges to the Qing River confluence; Min, Tuo, Jialing, Wu, Qing tributaries.
Middle Zambezi - Luangwa
The Middle Zambezi - Luangwa is a freshwater ecoregion in Zambia, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique, named for the dam-regulated middle Zambezi and the unregulated Luangwa River, stretching from Victoria Falls to the Cahora Bassa Gorge.
Mikkelsen Bay
Mikkelsen Bay, Antarctica; also Zaliv Mikkel'sen, Bahía Mikkelsen. A bay 15 mi wide between Bertrand Ice Piedmont and Cape Berteaux, Fallières Coast, Graham Land, named for Danish Arctic explorer Ejnar Mikkelsen, distinct from Mikkelsen Harbour.
Milford Sound
Milford Sound (Piopiotahi) is a 16 km glacial fiord in Fiordland National Park on New Zealand's South Island west coast, within Te Wahipounamu World Heritage area; named by John Grono in 1823, it receives over a million visitors yearly via the Milford Road and Homer Tunnel.
Milh
Lake Milh (بحيرة ملح), also called Lake Razzaza, is a large artificial saline lake in central Iraq created in 1969 to store Euphrates floodwaters via Habbaniya Lake; it has shrunk severely since the 1990s.
Mill Inlet
Mill Inlet: ice-filled inlet on the east coast of Graham Land, Antarctica, at 67°00'S 064°20'W, receding 8 mi NW between Cape Robinson and Monnier Point; its glaciers feed the Larsen Ice Shelf.
Mille Lacs (lake, Canada)
Lac des Mille Lacs, "Lake of a Thousand Lakes," is a 245.2 km² lake with 574 islands in Thunder Bay District, Ontario, Canada, headwater reservoir of the Seine River, distinct from Minnesota's Mille Lacs Lake.
Milne Bay
Milne Bay is a bay and province at the eastern tip of Papua New Guinea, with about 160 islands, 210,000 people, PNG's largest coral reef area, Alotau as capital, and major diving and fisheries economies.
Mindelo
Mindelo is the port city and capital of the island of São Vicente in Cape Verde, an Atlantic archipelago off West Africa, often called the country's cultural capital.
Minerotrophic
Minerotrophic describes peatlands, especially fens, whose water and nutrients come partly from mineral soil or bedrock, unlike ombrotrophic bogs, which are fed only by precipitation.
Minnitaki
Minnitaki Lake is a large lake with numerous islands in Kenora District, Ontario, Canada, near Sioux Lookout, known for its walleye and lake trout fishery.