Edgepedia

Thyrotoxicosis

Thyrotoxicosis (hyperthyroidism-related excess thyroid hormone state) is excess thyroid hormone action on tissues; Graves disease causes about 80% of cases in iodine-sufficient areas, diagnosed by suppressed TSH, treated with antithyroid drugs, radioiodine, or surgery.

Thyrotoxicosis factitia

Thyrotoxicosis factitia, also called factitious hyperthyroidism, is thyrotoxicosis from ingested exogenous thyroid hormone, usually levothyroxine; suppressed TSH, near-zero radioiodine uptake, and undetectable thyroglobulin distinguish it from Graves' disease and thyroiditis.

Oct 20, 2026

Thyrotroph

Thyrotroph (thyrotrope, TSH cell): anterior pituitary cell producing thyroid-stimulating hormone. Rarest pituitary endocrine cell (~5%), Pit-1/GATA2 lineage, stimulated by TRH, suppressed by T3 feedback.

Thyrotropin alfa

Thyrotropin alfa (Thyrogen, rhTSH) is a recombinant human thyroid-stimulating hormone injected intramuscularly to detect and ablate thyroid remnants after thyroidectomy for well-differentiated thyroid cancer.

Thyrotropin receptor

Thyrotropin receptor (TSHR, TSH receptor), a class A G protein-coupled receptor on thyroid cells that binds TSH and thyrostimulin, drives cAMP signaling, and is the autoantigen targeted in Graves' disease; cloned in 1989 by Brussels and California groups.

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), also known as thyrotropin-releasing factor or protirelin, is a hypothalamic tripeptide that stimulates TSH and prolactin release and was first isolated in 1969.

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor (TRHR, TRH-R1) is a human class A Gq-coupled GPCR binding the tripeptide TRH; rodents also have TRH-R2, which shows higher basal signaling and distinct arrestin trafficking.

Thyroxine

Thyroxine, also called T4, is the principal iodine-containing hormone secreted by the thyroid gland, which the body converts to the more active hormone triiodothyronine (T3).

Thyroxine biosynthesis

Thyroxine biosynthesis (T4 synthesis, with T3) is the TSH-triggered pathway in thyroid follicular cells: iodide trapping, TPO/DUOX-driven iodination and coupling on thyroglobulin, lysosomal release, and secretion.

Thysanoessa

Thysanoessa (Brandt, 1851) is a genus of ten krill species in Euphausiidae, sister to Meganyctiphanes; cold-water forage crustaceans such as Arctic krill T. raschii and coastal T. spinifera, key prey of fish, seabirds, and whales.

Thysanozoon nigropapillosum

Thysanozoon nigropapillosum (gold-dotted flatworm, yellow papillae flatworm) is an Indo-Pacific polyclad flatworm, black with yellow-tipped dorsal papillae and a white margin, feeding mainly on ascidians.

Thyssen

Thyssen was a German industrial group built around coal, iron, and steel. Founded by August Thyssen in 1871 near Mülheim, it merged with Krupp in 1999 to form ThyssenKrupp.

Sep 19, 2026

Thyssen & Co

Thyssen & Co was a German iron and steel firm founded in 1871 by August Thyssen near Mülheim an der Ruhr, growing into a coal-and-steel combine and ancestor of thyssenkrupp.

ThyssenKrupp

ThyssenKrupp is a German industrial group formed by the 1999 merger of Thyssen and Krupp, headquartered in Essen with around 93,000 employees and sales of about €33 billion.

ThyssenKrupp Steel

ThyssenKrupp Steel, legally thyssenkrupp Steel Europe AG, is the flat carbon steel producer of the thyssenkrupp group, headquartered in Duisburg and tracing its origins to 1871.

Thyssos

Thyssos (Θυσσός, Latin Thyssus), ancient town on the Athos peninsula of Chalcidice, Macedonia; a bilingual mixed-population polis, Delian League member 454/3-429/8, revolted under Brasidas 424/3; site unlocated, near Skala Zographou.

Sep 19, 2026

Ti (overseer of pyramids)

Ti was a 5th Dynasty Egyptian official who oversaw the pyramids of Niuserre and controlled the royal family's farms, buried in a finely decorated mastaba at Saqqara.

TI C6000

TI C6000 is a family of digital signal processors from Texas Instruments, introduced in 1997 with a VLIW architecture that executes up to eight instructions per clock cycle.

Ti plasmid

Ti plasmid (tumor-inducing plasmid): ~200-kb megaplasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens whose T-DNA and vir genes transfer DNA into plants, causing crown gall; basis of binary vectors and plant genetic engineering.

Ti West

Ti West, American horror filmmaker from Wilmington, Delaware, director of The House of the Devil (2009) and the A24 X trilogy (X, Pearl, MaXXXine) with Mia Goth; upcoming Ebenezer: A Christmas Carol with Johnny Depp.

TI-30

The Texas Instruments TI-30 is a line of scientific calculators introduced in 1976 as a low-cost $24.95 model, one of the best-selling calculators ever and still sold in updated versions.

TI-84 Plus CE series

The TI-84 Plus CE series, sold in France as the TI-83 Premium CE, is a line of color-screen graphing calculators made by Texas Instruments since 2015.

TI-84 Plus series

The TI-84 Plus series, also known as the TI 84+, is a Texas Instruments line of graphing calculators launched in 2004, with color-screen models from 2013.

TI-89 series

The TI-89 series is a family of Texas Instruments graphing calculators built around a computer algebra system, introduced in 1998 and later including the TI-89 Titanium, TI-92 Plus, and Voyage 200.

TI-BASIC

TI-BASIC, the TI-BASIC programming language, is the built-in language of Texas Instruments' graphing calculators, written directly on the calculator and interpreted, so it runs slower than assembly.

TI-class supertanker

The TI class is a class of four ultra-large crude carriers named TI Africa, TI Asia, TI Europe, and TI Oceania, built in South Korea in 2002 and 2003.

Ti:sapphire laser

A Ti:sapphire laser is a solid-state laser whose gain medium is sapphire doped with titanium ions. Invented in 1982, it is the workhorse of ultrafast science, microscopy, and frequency combs.

Ti2AlC

Ti2AlC, or titanium aluminum carbide, is a layered ternary carbide of the MAX phase family, valued as the most practical MAX phase for high-temperature structural use because it forms a protective alumina scale in air.

Ti3SiC2

Ti3SiC2, or titanium silicon carbide, is a layered ternary carbide of the MAX phase family, first identified in 1967, that machines like metal yet withstands high temperatures.