224 articles
Soviet war crimes in the Soviet–Afghan War
Soviet war crimes in the Soviet–Afghan War (1979–1989): Red Army and allied Afghan forces' intentional attacks on civilians, village destruction, torture, prisoner killings, and mass displacement documented by HRW, Amnesty, and the UN.
Soviet withdrawal from Mongolia
The Soviet withdrawal from Mongolia was the staged removal of a Soviet garrison of about 100,000 troops, announced by Gorbachev in 1986 and completed in December 1992.
Special Tribunal for Lebanon
Special Tribunal for Lebanon (المحكمة الخاصة بلبنان), UN tribunal under resolution 1757 (2007) trying the 2005 Rafik Hariri assassination; sat near The Hague, used trials in absentia, convicted three Hezbollah members, closed 31 December 2023.
Statue of Peace (평화의소녀상)
Statue of Peace (평화의 소녀상, Sonyeosang), bronze comfort women memorial by Kim Eun-sung and Kim Seo-kyung, erected December 14, 2011 before the Japanese Embassy in Seoul at the 1,000th Wednesday Demonstration; replicated worldwide amid Japanese removal demands.
Surrender (military)
Surrender (military): the unilateral act of ceasing combat and placing oneself hors de combat; distinct from capitulation, armistice, and ceasefire; governed by Geneva law, with signals, duties, perfidy rules, and Ukraine-era practice.
The Commandery
The Commandery, Worcester: Grade I listed timber-framed building on Sidbury, founded late 11th century as the Hospital of St Wulstan, Royalist headquarters at the 1651 Battle of Worcester, later a blind college and printworks, now a Civil War museum.
The Disappeared (Northern Ireland)
The Disappeared (Northern Ireland): 17 people abducted, murdered and secretly buried mainly by the IRA during the Troubles; 13 remains recovered by the ICLVR since 1999, 4 cases outstanding.
The Hiker (Kitson)
The Hiker (Kitson) is a bronze Spanish-American War infantryman statue by Theo Alice Ruggles Kitson, first made in 1906 for the University of Minnesota and cast at least 50 times by Gorham from 1921 to 1965.
The Hooded Man
The Hooded Man is the iconic 2003 Abu Ghraib photograph of a hooded Iraqi detainee on a cardboard box with wired fingers, published worldwide in 2004 and widely appropriated in art and protest.
The Trial of Henry Kissinger
The Trial of Henry Kissinger is Christopher Hitchens' 2001 Verso book, expanded from Harper's articles, arguing Kissinger should face war-crimes prosecution over Indochina, Bangladesh, Chile, Cyprus, East Timor, and the Iraqi Kurds; adapted into Eugene Jarecki's 2002 documentary.
The Unknown Warrior
The Unknown Warrior: unidentified First World War British soldier buried in Westminster Abbey on 11 November 1920, chosen blind at St Pol by General Wyatt, repatriated aboard HMS Verdun; counterpart to France's Arc de Triomphe Unknown Soldier.
Third Geneva Convention
Third Geneva Convention (GC III, 12 August 1949), 143-article treaty governing prisoners of war in international armed conflict; successor to the 1929 POW Convention, with humane treatment, Article 118 repatriation, and 2020 ICRC Commentary.
Tokyo Charter
Tokyo Charter (Charter of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East), issued January 19, 1946 by MacArthur, modeled on the Nuremberg Charter; established the IMTFE that tried 28 Japanese leaders from 1946 to 1948.
Tomb of the Unknown Soldier
Tomb of the Unknown Soldier: a memorial holding an unidentified service member representing all unrecovered war dead. Began with Britain's Unknown Warrior and France's Unknown Soldier on 11 November 1920; Arlington's tomb holds three unknowns and is guarded 24/7 by the Old Guard.
Tomoyuki Yamashita (山下奉文)
Tomoyuki Yamashita (山下奉文), the "Tiger of Malaya," was an Imperial Japanese general who conquered Singapore and commanded forces in the Philippines; his 1945 trial established command responsibility.
Torture during the Gaza war
Torture during the Gaza war covers torture and ill-treatment of detainees since October 7, 2023: Palestinians in Israeli custody, including at Sde Teiman, and abuses by Hamas and Palestinian authorities.
Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle (1748)
Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle (Treaty of Aachen), signed 18 October 1748, ended the War of the Austrian Succession and King George's War through general restitution of conquests, returning Louisbourg to France and Madras to Britain while guaranteeing Silesia to Prussia.
Treaty of Amiens
Treaty of Amiens (Peace of Amiens), signed 25 March 1802 by France, Spain, the Batavian Republic, and Britain; ended the French Revolutionary Wars, restored most colonies, returned Malta to the Order of St John, and collapsed when Britain declared war on 18 May 1803.
Treaty of Campo Formio
Treaty of Campo Formio (17 October 1797, Campoformio), Franco-Austrian peace ending Austria's part in the War of the First Coalition; France gained the Austrian Netherlands, Lombardy, and the Ionian Islands, Austria received Venice, ending 1,100 years of Venetian independence.
Treaty of Lunéville
Treaty of Lunéville (9 February 1801, 20 pluviôse an IX): peace between France and Emperor Francis II for the Holy Roman Empire, signed by Joseph Bonaparte and Count Cobenzl; renewed Campo Formio, ceded the Rhine's left bank, guaranteed the sister republics, and led to the 1803 Reichsdeputationshauptschluss.
Treaty of Washington (1871)
Treaty of Washington (May 8, 1871): U.S.-British agreement settling the Alabama claims by binding arbitration at Geneva, awarding $15.5 million, and covering fisheries and boundaries.
Trial of Charles Taylor
The Trial of Charles Taylor ended on April 26, 2012, when the Special Court for Sierra Leone convicted the former Liberian president on all 11 counts of war crimes.
Tyne Cot
Tyne Cot is a Commonwealth War Graves Commission cemetery in Zonnebeke, Belgium. It holds graves from the First World War and features a memorial to nearly 35,000 missing servicemen.
United Nations War Crimes Commission
United Nations War Crimes Commission (UNWCC), Allied body founded October 1943, active 1943–1948, that assessed evidence and endorsed charges for national war crimes trials; listed over 36,000 suspects and supported thousands of trials, later overshadowed by Nuremberg.
United States Army 250th Anniversary Parade
The United States Army 250th Anniversary Parade, held June 14, 2025 on the National Mall in Washington, D.C., marked the Army's semiquincentennial with 6,700 soldiers, tanks, and flyovers; it coincided with Trump's 79th birthday, cost about $30 million, and drew under 200,000 attendees amid No Kings protests.
United States military casualties of war
United States military casualties of war cover American service members' deaths and wounds from 1775 to the present, tracked by VA and DCAS; about 651,031 battle deaths through 1991, led by the Civil War and World War II.
United States war crimes
United States war crimes: serious violations of the law of armed conflict attributed to U.S. forces or agents, governed domestically by the War Crimes Act of 1996 (18 U.S.C. § 2441) and internationally by the Geneva Conventions; the U.S. is not an ICC party and first used the Act in 2023.
Uruguayan Air Force Flight 571
Uruguayan Air Force Flight 571 (Tragedia de los Andes): a Fairchild FH-227D charter carrying the Old Christians rugby team crashed in the Andes on October 13, 1972; 16 of 45 aboard survived 72 days before rescue in December 1972.
Valley Forge
Valley Forge: the 1777-1778 winter encampment of Washington's Continental Army near Philadelphia, where von Steuben's training and the French alliance forged a professional army; now a 3,500-acre national historical park.
Vergangenheitsbewältigung
Vergangenheitsbewältigung, or "coming to terms with the past" (Geschichtsaufarbeitung), is Germany's political and cultural effort to confront the crimes of the Nazi dictatorship and, since 1990, the East German SED dictatorship.