5,963 articles
Italo-Ethiopian War of 1887–1889
Italo-Ethiopian War of 1887–1889 (also Italo-Abyssinian War): conflict between Italy and Emperor Yohannes IV over Italian expansion from Massawa; opened with Ras Alula's Dogali victory (27 January 1887), ended with Yohannes's death at Gallabat and the Treaty of Wuchale (2 May 1889).
Ituri conflict
The Ituri conflict is an armed conflict in northeastern Democratic Republic of the Congo between Hema- and Lendu-linked armed groups, running from 1999 to the present.
Iva Toguri D'Aquino (戸栗郁子)
Iva Toguri D'Aquino (戸栗郁子, 1916–2006), the American behind the mythical 'Tokyo Rose,' broadcast as 'Orphan Ann' on Radio Tokyo's Zero Hour, was convicted of treason in 1949, and pardoned by President Ford in 1977.
Iva Valley massacre
The Iva Valley massacre was the shooting of striking coal miners by colonial police on 18 November 1949 at the Iva Valley mine in Enugu, then British-administered Nigeria.
Ivan Bagramyan
Ivan Bagramyan (Иван Христофорович Баграмян) was a Soviet Armenian military commander who became Marshal of the Soviet Union, commanding the 1st Baltic Front in the liberation of Belorussia in 1944.
Ivan Chernyakhovsky
Ivan Chernyakhovsky (Иван Черняховский) was a Soviet army general who commanded the 3rd Belorussian Front and died of wounds in East Prussia in February 1945.
Ivan Isakov
Ivan Isakov (Иван Степанович Исаков) was a Soviet admiral of Armenian origin who rose to Admiral of the Fleet and was made Hero of the Soviet Union in 1965.
Ivan the Terrible (Treblinka guard)
Ivan the Terrible (Ivan Grozny) was the nickname Treblinka prisoners gave the sadistic Ukrainian gas-chamber operator of 1942-43, later identified as Ivan Marchenko; John Demjanjuk was wrongly convicted under the name and acquitted by Israel's Supreme Court in 1993.
Iwane Matsui (松井岩根)
Iwane Matsui (松井石根, 1878–1948), Imperial Japanese Army general, commanded the Central China Area Army that captured Nanjing in 1937; convicted at the Tokyo trial under Count 55 for failing to prevent the Nanjing Massacre and hanged December 23, 1948.
Jade Helm 15 conspiracy theories
Jade Helm 15 conspiracy theories were 2015 claims that a US special operations training exercise in the Southwest was a plot to impose martial law and seize guns.
Jaffna hospital massacre
The Jaffna hospital massacre: IPKF troops killed 68 patients and staff, including three doctors, at Jaffna Teaching Hospital on 21–22 October 1987 during Operation Pawan; death tolls and command attribution remain disputed.
Jaish-e-Mohammed (جيش محمد)
Jaish-e-Mohammed (JeM, جيش محمد) is a Pakistan-based jihadist group founded by Masood Azhar after his 1999 release in the IC-814 hostage exchange; listed by the UN in 2001, it attacked India's Parliament in 2001 and carried out the 2019 Pulwama bombing that killed 40 CRPF personnel.
Jalisco extermination camp
Rancho Izaguirre, the Jalisco extermination camp in Teuchitlán, Mexico, was a CJNG forced-recruitment and training site discovered by Guerreros Buscadores on 5 March 2025, with charred bones, 200 pairs of shoes, disputed crematoria, and CNDH-cited forensic failures.
Jallianwala Bagh massacre
The Jallianwala Bagh massacre, also known as the Amritsar massacre, was the 1919 killing of unarmed Indian civilians by British Indian Army troops under Reginald Dyer in Amritsar, Punjab.
Jamaat al Muslimeen coup attempt
The Jamaat al Muslimeen coup attempt was an armed effort to overthrow Trinidad and Tobago's government in July 1990, taking the prime minister hostage for six days.
Jamaican Maroons
Jamaican Maroons: descendants of escaped enslaved Africans who formed independent communities in Jamaica's interior, won the 1739–1740 treaties of freedom and self-government after guerrilla warfare, and persist today as autonomous communities with Akan-rooted traditions.
James Foley (journalist)
James Wright Foley (1973-2014), American freelance conflict journalist for GlobalPost and AFP, captured in Libya in 2011, abducted in Idlib, Syria in November 2012, and murdered by ISIS on August 19, 2014; his case drove U.S. hostage-policy reform and the Foley Legacy Foundation.
James Longstreet
James Longstreet (1821–1904), Confederate lieutenant general commanding I Corps of the Army of Northern Virginia, Lee's "Old War Horse"; fought at Second Manassas, Antietam, Gettysburg, and Chickamauga, then became a Republican during Reconstruction.
James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth
James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth and Buccleuch (1649–1685), illegitimate son of Charles II by Lucy Walter, Whig candidate for the succession, led the 1685 Monmouth Rebellion, was defeated at Sedgemoor and executed.
Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front
Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF), Kashmiri pro-independence organisation founded by Amanullah Khan in Birmingham (1976 or 29 May 1977), led the 1989 Kashmir insurgency, kidnapped Rubaiya Sayeed, renounced arms in 1994, split into Khan and Yasin Malik factions, banned by India in 2019.
Jan and Antonina Żabiński
Jan and Antonina Żabiński, Polish couple who ran the Warsaw Zoo (director from 1929) and sheltered about 300 Jews there during the Holocaust, honored as Righteous Among the Nations in 1965.
Jan Baalsrud
Jan Baalsrud (1917–1988), Norwegian Kompani Linge resistance fighter and instrument maker, sole survivor of Operation Martin Red (1943); escaped 63 days across Troms to Sweden, aided by over 70 civilians, subject of Ni liv (1957) and Den 12. mann (2017).
Jan Gies
Jan Gies (1905-1993), Dutch social worker and resistance member, husband of Miep Gies; co-founded Gies & Co. to shield Otto Frank's Pectacon and supplied the Secret Annex hiders with ration coupons, books, and news.
Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (ජනතා විමුක්ති පෙරමුණ)
Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (JVP, People's Liberation Front) is Sri Lanka's Marxist, once-insurrectionary party behind the 1971 and 1987–89 uprisings, now governing through its National People's Power coalition under President Anura Kumara Dissanayake.
January 2015 Île-de-France attacks
January 2015 Île-de-France attacks (attentats de janvier 2015): jihadist shootings of 7–9 January 2015 by the Kouachi brothers and Amedy Coulibaly at Charlie Hebdo, Montrouge, and the Hyper Cacher kosher supermarket, killing 17.
January 2015 Israel-Hezbollah incidents
January 2015 Israel-Hezbollah incidents: an Israeli strike near Quneitra, Syria, killed six Hezbollah fighters and IRGC General Mohammad Ali Allahdadi on January 18; Hezbollah's January 28 anti-tank attack on the Shebaa Farms killed two Israeli soldiers, and Israeli shelling killed a Spanish UNIFIL peacekeeper.
January 2025 Gaza war ceasefire
The January 2025 Gaza war ceasefire, also called the Israel-Hamas hostage and ceasefire deal, was a three-phase Qatar-Egypt-US-mediated agreement effective 19 January 2025; Phase One ended 1 March when Israel terminated it and resumed hostilities.
January 2026 Diori Hamani International Airport attack
Overnight January 28–29, 2026 assault by Islamic State Sahel Province on Diori Hamani International Airport and Air Base 101 in Niamey, Niger; motorcycle gunmen repelled, 20 attackers killed, aircraft damaged, uranium stockpile unharmed.
January Events in Vilnius
The January Events in Vilnius (Sausio įvykiai) were the Soviet military attempt of January 1991 to crush Lithuania's restored independence, killing 13 civilians at the Vilnius TV Tower.
January Uprising
The January Uprising, also called the January Insurrection, was a Polish revolt against Russian rule that broke out in Warsaw in January 1863 and was defeated by mid-1864.