5,963 articles
Aceh War
Aceh War (Perang Aceh, Dutch War in Aceh, 1873–1904/1913): colonial war between the Sultanate of Aceh and the Netherlands, begun 26 March 1873, ended with Dutch conquest and the sultanate's dissolution.
Acehnese conquest of Pahang
The Acehnese conquest of Pahang was a series of naval invasions by Sultan Iskandar Muda of Aceh against the Malay kingdom of Pahang in 1617, 1618, and 1635.
Achille Lauro hijacking
Achille Lauro hijacking: October 7, 1985 seizure of the Italian cruise liner by four Palestine Liberation Front militants off Egypt; murder of Leon Klinghoffer; US interception of the Egyptian plane; led to the 1988 SUA Convention and US antiterrorism laws.
Acteal massacre
The Acteal massacre was a paramilitary attack on 22 December 1997 on the Tsotsil village of Acteal in Chiapas, Mexico, killing 45 unarmed members of the pacifist group Las Abejas.
Action of 22 September 1914
The action of 22 September 1914 was a First World War naval engagement in which the German submarine U-9 sank three British armored cruisers in the North Sea.
Aden Emergency
Aden Emergency (1963–67): insurgency against British rule in Aden and the Federation of South Arabia by the NLF and FLOSY, backed by Nasser's Egypt, ending with the British evacuation of November 1967.
Admiralty Islands campaign
The Admiralty Islands campaign, known as Operation Brewer, was a 1944 World War II battle in which the US 1st Cavalry Division seized the Japanese-held Admiralty Islands.
Adolf Eichmann
Adolf Eichmann (Otto Adolf Eichmann), SS-Obersturmbannführer who directed RSHA IV B 4 and organized deportation of over 1.5 million Jews; captured by Mossad in Argentina 1960, tried in Jerusalem, hanged 1962; subject of Arendt's banality-of-evil controversy.
Adolf Eichmann's capture
Adolf Eichmann's capture: Mossad operation of May 11, 1960 that seized the Holocaust deportation organizer, living as Ricardo Klement near Buenos Aires, and brought him to Israel for the 1961 trial; includes Fritz Bauer's tip and UN fallout.
Aerolínea Lanhsa Flight 018
Lanhsa Flight 018 (LNH-018), Jetstream 3200 HR-AYW, crashed into the sea off Roatán on 17 March 2025 just after takeoff for La Ceiba, killing 12 of 17 aboard, including Aurelio Martínez; investigation still open.
Afar–Issa conflict
The Afar–Issa conflict is a long-running conflict between the Afar and Somali-origin Issa peoples over pasture, water, and territory along the Ethiopia, Djibouti, and Eritrea border zone.
Afghan Civil War (1928–1929)
The Afghan Civil War of 1928–1929, the Saqqawist revolt, ended King Amanullah's reformist rule; Tajik rebel Habibullah Kalakani (Bacha-ye Saqao) seized Kabul in January 1929 and was replaced by Nadir Shah in October 1929.
Afghan Civil War (1992–1996)
The Afghan Civil War (1992–1996), the intra-mujahideen war after Najibullah's fall, pitted Rabbani, Massoud, Hekmatyar, and Dostum against each other until the Taliban took Kabul in September 1996.
Afghan Civil War (1996–2001)
The Afghan Civil War (1996–2001) pitted the Taliban's Islamic Emirate, which took Kabul in September 1996 and controlled about 90 percent of Afghanistan, against the United Front (Northern Alliance) of the ousted Islamic State of Afghanistan, ending with the U.S.-led invasion of October 2001.
Afghan mujahidin
Afghan mujahidin: Islamic guerrilla fighters who waged jihad against Afghanistan's PDPA government and Soviet occupation (1979-1989), armed chiefly through Pakistan's ISI with U.S. and Saudi aid; their 1992 victory collapsed into civil war, from which the Taliban and global jihadi networks emerged.
Afghan tribal revolts of 1944–1947
Afghan tribal revolts of 1944–1947 (Khost revolts): Pashtun tribal uprisings by Zadran, Safi, and Mangal tribesmen in the Kingdom of Afghanistan, February 1944 to January 1947, driven by conscription changes, taxation, and wartime economic hardship.
Afghanistan–Tajikistan border skirmishes
Recurring armed incidents along the roughly 1,344-km Panj River frontier between Tajikistan and Afghanistan; historically guarded by Russia until 2005, with Tajikistan-Taliban clashes rising after 2021, including attacks killing Chinese nationals and a deadly December 2025 border clash.
African theatre of World War I
African theatre of World War I: the 1914-1918 Allied conquest of Germany's four African colonies, Togoland, Kamerun, South-West Africa, and German East Africa, marked by Lettow-Vorbeck's guerrilla campaign, mass African conscription, and over 150,000 soldier and carrier deaths.
Aftermath of the Korean War
Aftermath of the Korean War: conditions after the July 27, 1953 Panmunjom Armistice Agreement, which created the DMZ and Military Armistice Commission but no peace treaty, leaving the two Koreas divided, technically at war, and shaped by POW, refugee, and separated-family legacies.
Aftermath of the Syrian civil war
Aftermath of the Syrian civil war: the post-December 2024 transition after the fall of the Assad government, covering casualties and displacement (7.4 million IDPs), reconstruction ($216-250 billion estimates), sanctions relief, territorial control, missing persons, and refugee returns.
Aftermath of World War I
The aftermath of World War I covers 1918 through the 1930s, when the peace settlement dissolved empires, redrew borders, and contributed to World War II.
Aftermath of World War II
Aftermath of World War II: post-1945 reconstruction, Marshall Plan, Nuremberg and Tokyo trials, founding of the United Nations, and decolonization of Asia and Africa.
Afzal Guru
Afzal Guru, Kashmiri convict in the 2001 Indian Parliament attack, hanged at Tihar Jail on 9 February 2013 after POTA conviction; execution and burial in secrecy drew UN fair trial criticism.
Agacher Strip War
The Agacher Strip War was a five-day border conflict fought in December 1985 between Burkina Faso and Mali over the disputed Agacher Strip frontier zone.
Agbekoya
Agbekoya, Yoruba for "farmers reject suffering," was a peasant farmers' revolt against taxation in Western State, Nigeria, from 1968 to 1969, forcing the government to cut the flat-rate tax.
Aghlabid conquest of Malta
The Aghlabid conquest of Malta was the seizure of the Maltese islands by the Aghlabid dynasty of Ifriqiya from the Byzantine Empire in August 870, after a failed earlier attack.
Aguas Blancas massacre
The Aguas Blancas massacre was the 1995 killing of 17 unarmed peasants by Guerrero state police in Mexico; the recorded video forced the governor's resignation.
Ahmad Shah (Taliban)
Ahmad Shah (nom de guerre Mohammad Ismail, Mullah Ismail), Afghan militant commander of Kunar Province, target of Operation Red Wings 2005, blamed for Chinook shootdown killing 16, killed by Pakistani police near Peshawar in April 2008.
Ahmed al-Raisuni's insurrection
Ahmed al-Raisuni's insurrection was an armed movement led by the sharif Ahmed al-Raisuni (أحمد الريسوني) in northern Morocco against the sultan and Spain from about 1904.
Ahmed II (احمد ثانی)
Ahmed II (احمد ثانی), Ottoman sultan 1691–1695, born 25 February 1643, son of Sultan İbrâhim and Muazzez Sultan; succeeded his brother Süleyman II in Edirne, died of dropsy 6 February 1695, and introduced the mâlikâne tax-farming system.