Wars, campaigns, and incidents

Albanian–Yugoslav border conflict (1948–1954)

Albanian–Yugoslav border conflict (1948–1954): frontier incidents on the Yugoslav–Albanian border after the Tito–Stalin split, part of 8,261 Cominform-era incidents; 33 in 1948, 92 from August 1949 to June 1950, ending with 1953–1954 agreements.

Albert Pike

Albert Pike (1809-1891), also Albert Pike (Boston-born lawyer and poet), was an Arkansas lawyer, Confederate brigadier general who negotiated the 1861 CSA treaties with Indian Territory tribes, and Sovereign Grand Commander of the Scottish Rite Freemasons from 1859 to 1891, author of Morals and Dogma (1871).

Albert Sidney Johnston

Albert Sidney Johnston (1803-1862), Confederate full general commanding the western armies; served Texas, the United States, and the Confederacy; killed at Shiloh, April 6, 1862, the highest-ranking officer killed in the Civil War.

Albert Woolson

Albert Henry Woolson (1850–1956), Union drummer and bugler in the 1st Minnesota Heavy Artillery, was the last surviving Union Civil War veteran and last GAR member, dying in Duluth in 1956.

Albrecht von Wallenstein

Albrecht von Wallenstein (Waldstein), 1583–1634, Bohemian military entrepreneur and imperial generalissimo under Ferdinand II in the Thirty Years War; built a 100,000-man army on the contribution system, became Duke of Friedland and Mecklenburg, and was assassinated at Eger in 1634.

Aleksandr Novikov

Aleksandr Novikov (Александр Александрович Новиков; 1900–1976) was a Soviet military leader who commanded the Red Army Air Forces through most of World War II and became the first Marshal of Aviation in the USSR.

Aleksandr Saburov

Aleksandr Saburov was a Soviet major general who commanded a partisan formation in Ukraine during World War II and was made a Hero of the Soviet Union in 1942.

Aleksandr Yegorov

Aleksandr Yegorov (Александр Ильич Егоров) was a Soviet military leader, Marshal of the Soviet Union from 1935, executed in Stalin's purges in 1939.

Aleksei Antonov

Aleksei Antonov (Алексей Иннокентьевич Антонов) was a Soviet General of the Army, chief of the Red Army General Staff from February 1945 to March 1946.

Aleksei Fyodorovich Fedorov

Aleksei Fyodorovich Fedorov (Алексей Фёдорович Фёдоров; 1901–1989) was a Soviet party official and partisan commander who led the Chernigov-Volhynian partisans behind German lines and was twice made a Hero of the Soviet Union.

Aleppo clashes (2025–2026)

Aleppo clashes (2025–2026): fighting between Syria's transitional government and the Kurdish-led SDF, starting in Aleppo's Sheikh Maqsoud and Ashrafieh after the March 2025 integration deal expired, followed by a January 2026 offensive that cost the SDF about 80% of its territory and ended in ceasefires and brigade-level integration.

Aleppo offensive (November–December 2016)

The Aleppo offensive (November–December 2016) was the Syrian government and Russian-backed operation that recaptured rebel-held eastern Aleppo, besieged since July 2016, ending four years of opposition control in the city.

Aleutian Islands campaign

The Aleutian Islands campaign (3 June 1942 – August 1943) was the WWII fight in which Japan attacked Dutch Harbor and occupied Attu and Kiska, the only North American soil seized, before U.S. forces retook Attu in May 1943 and found Kiska evacuated.

Alexander Pechersky

Alexander Pechersky (Александр Печерский), 1909–1990, Soviet Red Army officer and Sobibor prisoner who planned and led the 14 October 1943 Sobibor extermination camp uprising and mass escape, later a partisan and memoirist in Rostov-on-Don.

Alexander Vasilevsky

Alexander Vasilevsky (Александр Михайлович Василевский) was a Soviet military commander and Marshal of the Soviet Union who planned the Stalingrad counteroffensive and commanded the 1945 Manchurian operation against Japan.

Alexandra Hospital massacre

The Alexandra Hospital massacre was the killing of about 200 patients and staff by Japanese troops at the British Military Hospital in Singapore on 14 February 1942.

Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building

Nine-story reinforced concrete federal office building in downtown Oklahoma City, opened 1977, named for judge Alfred P. Murrah; destroyed by the April 19, 1995 truck bombing that killed 168, later razed and replaced by the Oklahoma City National Memorial.

Algerian Civil War (الحرب الأهلية الجزائرية)

Algerian Civil War (الحرب الأهلية الجزائرية), the Black Decade: 1992–2002 conflict after the army cancelled the FIS's 1991 election win, pitting the state against GIA and GSPC insurgents, with 100,000–200,000 dead and a contested qui tue qui legacy under the 2005 amnesty charter.

Algerian civil war massacres of 1997–98

The Algerian civil war massacres of 1997–98 were a series of large-scale killings of villagers near Algiers and in Relizane province, including Rais, Bentalha, and Sidi Hamed.

Algerian War

The Algerian War (guerre d'Algérie; also Algerian War of Independence, 1954–1962) was the decolonization war between France and the FLN, ending with the Évian Accords and Algerian independence on 5 July 1962.

Algerian–Moroccan war of 1692–1693

The Algerian–Moroccan war of 1692–1693 was a border war between Ottoman Algiers and Morocco under Sultan Moulay Ismail, decided by Algeria's victory at the battle of al-Mecharii.

Algerian–Tunisian war of 1694

The Algerian–Tunisian war of 1694 (الحرب الجزائرية التونسية) was the Regency of Algiers' invasion of Tunis, culminating in a siege of the city where Muhammad Bey held out.

Algiers putsch of 1961

Failed military coup in Algiers, 21–25 April 1961, by French generals Challe, Jouhaud, Salan, and Zeller to keep Algeria French and oust de Gaulle; crushed after his Article 16 address.

Alhucemas landing

The Alhucemas landing (Desembarco de Alhucemas) was a 1925 Spanish amphibious assault in Morocco that broke Abd el-Krim's Rif rebels and ended the Rif War.

Alicia Esteve Head

Alicia Esteve Head, known as Tania Head, is a Spanish woman from Barcelona who posed for years as a September 11 survivor, leading the survivors' network until her exposure in 2007.

Allegations of genocide in the October 7 attacks

Claims that the 7 October 2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel (about 1,200 killed, 251 hostages) constituted genocide; bodies found war crimes and crimes against humanity, with genocide contested on specific intent.

Alleged Iranian attempts to assassinate Donald Trump

Alleged Iranian attempts to assassinate Donald Trump: IRGC-linked retaliation plots after Soleimani's 2020 killing, including the 2024 Merchant and Shakeri murder-for-hire cases, distinct from the unrelated Butler and West Palm Beach assassination attempts.