539 articles
Anzapahhaddu
Anzapahhaddu was a ruler in the Arzawa sphere of western Anatolia in the second half of the 14th century BC, known only from Hittite texts.
Apology of Hattusili III
The Apology of Hattusili III (CTH 81) is a Hittite text in which King Hattusili III justifies his seizure of the throne from his nephew Urhi-Teshub.
Arame
Arame, also written Aramu, was an early king of Urartu in the Armenian highland, known only from Assyrian records of Shalmaneser III's campaigns of 858 and 856 BC.
Arbinas
Arbinas, also known as Erbbina, was a Lycian dynast of Xanthos in south-west Anatolia who ruled c. 390–380 BC and is known chiefly from the Nereid Monument tomb.
Ardys of Lydia
Ardys of Lydia, also known as Ardysus, was king of Lydia, son and successor of Gyges, who captured Priene and invaded Miletus while Cimmerians sacked Sardis.
Argishti I
Argishti I was king of Urartu, the kingdom centered on Lake Van, whose early-8th-century BC campaigns carried Urartian rule north of Mount Ararat and into the lands around Lake Urmia.
Argishti II
Argishti II, also known as Argišti II, was king of Urartu, the kingdom centered on Lake Van, reigning around 713–690 BC after his father Rusa I.
Ariaramnes
Ariaramnes (Old Persian Ariyāramna) is the great-grandfather of Darius I in the Achaemenid royal genealogy, son of Teispes and father of Arsames, possibly an early king of Persia.
Arinçkus stele of Argishti I
The Arinçkus stele of Argishti I is a fragmentary Urartian stela of King Argishti I (reigned about 785/80–756 BC), found at Arinçkus near Lake Van, Turkey.
Arnuwanda I
Arnuwanda I, also written Arnuwandas I, was a Hittite Great King of the late 15th century BC, married to Queen Ašmu-nikal and known for his edicts and frontier treaties.
Arnuwanda II
Arnuwanda II, also written Arnuwandas II, was a Hittite king of the New Kingdom, eldest son and successor of Šuppiluliuma I, who reigned c. 1322–1321 BC.
Arnuwanda III
Arnuwanda III was a king of the Hittite Empire who ruled briefly around 1209–1207 BC, near the empire's end, and was succeeded by his brother Šuppiluliuma II.
Arsames
Arsames (Aršāma) was a member of the early Achaemenid royal line, named at Behistun as the grandfather of Darius I; whether he reigned is disputed.
Artashumara
Artashumara (Artašumara) was a king of Mitanni, the Hurrian kingdom of Upper Mesopotamia, who reigned in the mid-14th century BC between his father Shuttarna II and Tushratta.
Artatama I
Artatama I was king of Mitanni around 1400 BCE, probably the son and successor of Sauštatar, known chiefly for marrying his daughter to Pharaoh Thutmose IV of Egypt.
Artatama II
Artatama II was a rival claimant to the throne of Mitanni, known to the Hittites as Hanigalbat, who set up his own kingdom in the northeast during the mid-fourteenth century BC dynastic crisis.
Artumpara
Artumpara, in Lycian Arttumpara and Greek Artembarēs, was a dynast of western Lycia who claimed to rule all of Lycia but probably controlled only its western half.
Aryenis
Aryenis was a princess of Lydia, daughter of King Alyattes and sister of Croesus, given in marriage to Astyages of Media to seal the peace of 585 BC.
Arzawa
Arzawa was a kingdom, or group of kingdoms, in western Anatolia during the Late Bronze Age, the Hittites' most powerful western rival until its power was broken by Mursili II.
Ašmu-nikal
Ašmu-nikal, also written Ašmunikkal, was a queen of the Hittite kingdom during the Middle Hittite period, the wife of King Arnuwanda I and daughter of Queen Nikalmati.
Assuwa
Assuwa was a coalition of twenty-two states in northwestern Anatolia, defeated by the Hittite king Tudhaliya I/II around 1430 BC; its allies included Wilusiya and Taruisa, likely Troy.
Assyrian–Elamite wars
The Assyrian–Elamite wars were a series of Assyrian campaigns against Elam and Babylonian rebels between 721 and 646 BC, ending with Ashurbanipal's sack of Susa in 646 BC.
Astyages
Astyages, known in Akkadian as Ištumegu, was the last king of Media, son of Cyaxares, who reigned from about 585 to 550 BC until Cyrus II captured his capital Ecbatana.
Atal-shen
Atal-shen was a Hurrian ruler who bore the title king of Urkesh and Nawar in present-day north-eastern Syria around 2000 BC, attested by an Akkadian inscription crediting him with building the temple of Nergal.
Atta-hamiti-Inshushinak
Atta-hamiti-Inshushinak (Atta-ḫamiti-Inšušinak) was a late Neo-Elamite king of Anzan and Susa, son of Hutran-tepti, attested by inscriptions and a stela from Susa now in the Louvre.
Attahushu
Attahushu, also written Atta-hušu, was an Elamite ruler of Susa during the Sukkalmah period who claimed Shilhaha as ancestor and built or restored temples including one to Nanna.
Attarissiya
Attarissiya, also written Attariššiya, was a leader called the "man of Ahhiyawa" in Hittite texts of the late 15th and early 14th century BC, known for attacking the Hittite vassal Madduwatta and raiding Cyprus.
Atuna
Atuna was a small tributary kingdom of the Tabal region in Iron Age Anatolia, ruled by Askwisis and Kurti and listed by Tiglath-pileser III in the 8th century BC.
Awan dynasty
The Awan dynasty, also known as the Dynasty of Awan, was a dynasty of Elam in southwestern Iran, known from the Sumerian King List and a king list from Susa.
Aza (Mannean king)
Aza, also spelled Azâ, was king of Mannea, a kingdom south of Lake Urmia in western Iran, reigning from 719 to 716 BC before being killed in battle.