539 articles
Hanni of Ayapir
Hanni of Ayapir, also written Hanne and Hanni son of Tahhi, was a local ruler of Ayapir in the Izeh/Malamir valley of southwest Iran during the Neo-Elamite period.
Hannutti
Ḫannutti was a Hittite officer who served Šuppiluliuma I in the late fourteenth century BC, known from two letters to Idanda of Qatna and campaigns in Syria and Anatolia.
Hantili I
Hantili I, also written Ḫantili, was a Hittite Old Kingdom king who murdered his predecessor and brother-in-law Mursili I to seize the throne, reigning about 1590 to 1560 BC.
Hantili II
Hantili II was a Hittite king of the Middle Kingdom period, reigning around 1490-1480 BC after Tahurwaili and before Zidanta II, known for renewing the treaty with Kizzuwatna.
Hapalla
Hapalla was a Late Bronze Age kingdom at the eastern edge of the Arzawa lands in western Anatolia, attested in Hittite texts and made a client kingdom by Muršili II.
Ḫarapšili
Ḫarapšili, also written Harapsili, is a name of the Hittite Old Kingdom, known from the 16th-century BC reign of King Hantili I, Muršili I's brother-in-law.
Hartapu
Hartapu (Ḫartapu) was a ruler of south-central Anatolia who styled himself Great King and son of Mursili, known from monuments at Kızıl Dağ and Karadağ.
Hasanlu destruction
The Hasanlu destruction was the violent, fire-sealed end of the Iron Age citadel of Hasanlu Tepe in northwestern Iran, around 800 BC, by attackers never certainly identified.
Hasanlu Gold Bowl
The Hasanlu Gold Bowl, also called the Gold Bowl of Hasanlu, is a solid gold embossed bowl found in 1958 at Tepe Hasanlu, Iran, decorated with deities and combatants.
Hattians
The Hattians were a Bronze Age people of central Anatolia, settled around the Kızılırmak river bend, whose non-Indo-European Hattic language died out by about 1400 BC while its gods and rituals shaped Hittite religion.
Hattic language
Hattic, also called Hattian or Khattic, is a non-Indo-European language of ancient central Anatolia, preserved only in Hittite cuneiform ritual texts and only partially deciphered.
Hattusa Green Stone
The Hattusa Green Stone is a polished, roughly cubic green stone block of about 1,000 kg in the Great Temple at Hattusa, capital of the Hittite Empire.
Hattusili I
Hattusili I, also known as Labarna II, was a Hittite Old Kingdom king who reigned c. 1650–1620 BC, moved the capital to Hattusa, and campaigned in northern Syria.
Hattusili III
Hattusili III, also Hattusilis III, was king of the Hittite Empire from about 1267 to 1237 BC, best known for his peace treaty with Ramesses II.
Hayasa-Azzi
Hayasa-Azzi, also called Azzi-Hayasa, was a Late Bronze Age polity of the Armenian highland and eastern Anatolia, known from Hittite texts of the 14th century BC.
Henti
Ḫenti was a queen of the Hittite Empire in the 14th century BC, the wife of King Šuppiluliuma I, who probably held the office of Tawananna, or Great Queen.
Heraclid dynasty (Lydia)
The Heraclid dynasty of Lydia, also called the Tylonid dynasty, is the legendary royal line Herodotus says ruled Sardis for 22 generations, about 505 years, before Gyges founded the Mermnads.
Himuili
Himuili (Ḫimuili) was a high official of the Hittite kingdom who held the office of BEL MADGALTI, "lord of the watchplace", a provincial governorship, at Maşat; his dates are uncertain.
Hishep-ratep
Hishep-ratep, also rendered Ḫišepratep, was the ninth ruler of the Awan dynasty of Elam around 2350 BC, known only from a king list found at Susa.
Hishutash
Hishutash, rendered Hišur in the Susa king list, was the fourth of twelve early Elamite rulers called kings of Awan in the third millennium BC, known from no other source.
Hittite cuneiform
Hittite cuneiform is the adaptation of Mesopotamian cuneiform to write the Hittite language at Hattuša and other Anatolian sites from about 1650 to 1200 BC, producing an archive of about 30,000 tablets.
Hittite land grants
Hittite land grants, also called donation texts, are royal cuneiform tablets granting state land to institutions and officials, issued chiefly from the 16th to 15th century BC.
Hittite laws
The Hittite laws, or Hittite Law Code, are a collection of about 200 legal clauses in Hittite cuneiform on two tablets, first written in Anatolia ca. 1650 BCE.
Hittite military oath
The Hittite military oath is a Hittite ritual text, cataloged as CTH 427, in which soldiers swore loyalty to the king of Hatti before the gods under curses.
Hittite sun disk
The Hittite sun disk is a Hattian bronze ceremonial standard from the Early Bronze Age royal tombs of Alacahöyük, Turkey, now the symbol of Ankara.
Hittite treaty format
The Hittite treaty format is the fixed six-part structure of Hittite vassal treaties, in which the Great King imposed obligations confirmed by an oath before the gods.
Hittite Wars of Survival
The Hittite Wars of Survival were the Hittite state's defensive wars against the Kaška and Arzawa from about 1400 to 1350 BC, ending under Šuppiluliuma I.
Hittites
The Hittites were a Bronze Age Anatolian empire centered at Hattusa (c. 1650–1180 BC), speakers of the oldest recorded Indo-European language, known for Hrozný's 1915 decipherment, the Battle of Kadesh, the Egyptian–Hittite peace treaty, and the Late Bronze Age collapse.
Horhor inscription
The Horhor inscription, also called the Horhor Annals or Annals of Argishti I, is a long Urartian cuneiform rock inscription at Van recording King Argishti I's yearly campaigns.
Hubushkia
Hubushkia (Hubuškia) was an Iron Age buffer kingdom between the Assyrian Empire and Urartu in the northern Zagros, known from Assyrian inscriptions; its location, possibly near Hakkâri, remains debated.