39 articles
Abu Simbel Phoenician graffiti
The Abu Simbel Phoenician graffiti are three Phoenician inscriptions, CIS I 111–113, carved on the broken colossus at Abu Simbel by Phoenician soldiers of Psammetichus II's 593 BCE Nubian campaign.
Abydos graffiti
The Abydos graffiti are Phoenician-language inscriptions scratched on the walls of the temple of Seti I at Abydos, Egypt, by Levantine visitors of the Persian period, including an Arvadite.
Achaemenid Egypt
Achaemenid Egypt, also known as Persian Egypt, covers Egypt's two periods under Persian rule: Cambyses II's conquest of 525 BC and Artaxerxes III's reconquest in 343 BC.
Achaemenid satraps of Egypt
Achaemenid satraps of Egypt were Persian governors who ruled the Egyptian province from 525 BC to the early fourth century and again from 343/2 BC until 332 BC.
Adoption Stela of Nitocris
The Adoption Stela of Nitocris, also known as the Stela of the Adoption of Nitocris, is a granite stela from Karnak recording Princess Nitocris's adoption as future God's Wife of Amun in 656 BC.
Adoption stelae of the God's Wives of Amun
The adoption stelae of the God's Wives of Amun are Theban inscriptions of the 7th and 6th centuries BC recording successors to Egypt's highest female priestly office.
Amherst papyri
The Amherst papyri are a collection of about 200 ancient Egyptian papyri in several scripts, assembled by Lord Amherst and bought by J. Pierpont Morgan in 1912.
Apis bull stelae
Apis bull stelae, also called Serapeum stelae, are dated stone slabs set up in the Serapeum at Saqqara to commemorate sacred Apis bulls and their burials.
Aramaic papyri from Egypt
The Aramaic papyri from Egypt, also known as the Elephantine papyri, are 1,042 fifth-century BC documents recording a Judean military colony at Elephantine with its own temple to YHW.
Berlin Green Head
The Berlin Green Head (German: Grüner Kopf) is a greywacke sculpture of a bald man's head, probably late Ptolemaic Egyptian, kept in Berlin's Egyptian Museum.
Blacas papyri
The Blacas papyri are Imperial Aramaic papyri from Saqqara, Egypt, dating to the late 5th and 4th centuries BC, mostly fragments of the Story of Ahiqar.
Bocchoris vase
The Bocchoris vase is an Egyptian faience situla bearing the cartouche of pharaoh Wahkare Bakenrenef (Bocchoris), found in 1895 in an Etruscan chamber tomb at Tarquinia, Italy.
Brooklyn Medical Papyrus
The Brooklyn Medical Papyrus, also called the Snakebite Papyrus or Traité d'Ophiologie, is an Egyptian papyrus in the Brooklyn Museum describing 38 snakes and giving about 140 snakebite treatments.
Decree of Nectanebo I (inscription)
The Decree of Nectanebo I, also known as the Decree of Saïs, is an Egyptian temple-endowment decree of 380 BC issued by Pharaoh Nectanebo I.
Demotic Chronicle
The Demotic Chronicle (Chronique démotique) is an Egyptian prophetic text in Demotic script that foretells the bad ends of Late Period kings and condemns Persian rule, surviving on a papyrus in Paris.
Graffito of Esmet-Akhom
The Graffito of Esmet-Akhom is a bilingual hieroglyphic and Demotic inscription carved at Philae on 24 August 394 AD, regarded as the last securely dated hieroglyphic inscription.
Helicopter hieroglyphs
The helicopter hieroglyphs are overlapping carvings on a lintel at the Temple of Seti I at Abydos, Egypt, formed when Ramesses II's titles were carved over Seti I's, producing shapes resembling a helicopter.
Hermopolis Aramaic papyri
The Hermopolis Aramaic papyri are eight private family letters in Aramaic, found intact and unopened at Hermopolis, Egypt, in 1945 and dated to the late 6th or early 5th century BC.
Inscription of Udjahorresnet
The Inscription of Udjahorresnet is an autobiographical text on a basalt statue in the Vatican Museums, the chief Egyptian source for the Persian conquest of Egypt under Cambyses II.
Inventory Stela
The Inventory Stela is a limestone inscription from the Isis temple at Giza, written in the name of Khufu but carved roughly 2,000 years later, in the 26th Dynasty.
Jar of Xerxes I
The Jar of Xerxes I is an alabaster vessel inscribed for the Persian king Xerxes I, found at Halicarnassus in 1856 and held in the British Museum.
Machimoi
The machimoi (μάχιμοι, "warriors") were native Egyptian soldiers of low rank, attested in Late Period Egypt (664–332 BC) and increasingly prominent in the Ptolemaic army, where 20,000 fought at Raphia in 217 BC.
Macrobians
The Macrobians (Greek Makrobioi, Latin Macrobii) are a legendary people of long-lived Ethiopians whom Herodotos places at the farthest south of the known world, claiming lifespans of 120 years.
Metternich Stela
The Metternich Stela, named for Prince Metternich, is an Egyptian healing stela of Dynasty 30, made under Nectanebo II and now in the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Naos of the Decades
The Naos of the Decades is a granodiorite Egyptian shrine from the reign of Nectanebo I, inscribed with an astronomical calendar of 36 ten-day decan frames.
Nectanebo II gold stater
The Nectanebo II gold stater is a rare Egyptian gold coin of pharaoh Nectanebo II, struck around 360-343 BC and the only ancient gold coinage using hieroglyphs.
Papyrus Amherst 63
Papyrus Amherst 63 is a 4th-century BC papyrus roll, found near Thebes, whose Aramaic texts are written in Egyptian demotic script; it preserves three Israelite psalms and is held in New York and Ann Arbor.
Petition of Petiese
The Petition of Petiese, preserved as Papyrus Rylands IX, is a long Demotic Egyptian text written in 513 BCE under Darius I, recounting a priestly family's persecution.
Priestess of Neith
Priestess of Neith is an ancient Egyptian female priestly title of the goddess Neith, attested from 2686 to 2161 BCE, in the Old Kingdom and First Intermediate Period.
Stela of Somtutefnakht
The Stela of Somtutefnakht (Sematawytefnakht) is a hieroglyphic inscription of a Herakleopolitan priest, preserved in Naples, whose career spanned Egyptian kings, Persian rule after 343 BC, and Alexander's conquest.