68 articles
Indus weight at Ur
Cubical chert weights of the Harappan Indus civilization standard found at Ur in southern Mesopotamia, evidence of third-millennium BC trade between the Indus region, the Gulf, and Mesopotamia.
Indus weights and measures
The Indus weights and measures, also called Harappan weights, are the standardized system of cubical chert weights and linear measures used across the Indus civilization from c. 2600 to 1900 BCE.
Indus–Mesopotamia relations
Indus–Mesopotamia relations were the maritime trade network of the later third millennium BC linking the Indus civilization, called Meluhha in cuneiform texts, with Mesopotamia through Dilmun and Magan.
Interpreter of Meluhha
The interpreter of Meluhha (Sumerian eme-bal me-luh-ha-ki) was a Mesopotamian translation specialist for trade with Meluhha, widely identified with the Indus civilization, attested around 2200-2000 BC.
Jonathan Mark Kenoyer
Jonathan Mark Kenoyer is an American archaeologist and anthropologist at the University of Wisconsin–Madison who has excavated the Indus civilization city of Harappa since 1986 and studies its crafts, trade, and writing.
K. N. Dikshit
K. N. Dikshit, full name Kashinath Narayan Dikshit (1889–1946), was an Indian archaeologist, Director-General of the Archaeological Survey of India from 1937 to 1944, and excavator of the DK area at Mohenjo-daro.
Kechi Beg phase
The Kechi Beg phase is a pre-Harappan ceramic phase of the Quetta valley in Balochistan, Pakistan, dated roughly 3800–3200 BC and defined by Kechi Beg ware.
Kot Diji phase
The Kot Diji phase, also called the Kot Diji culture, was an Early Harappan culture of the Indus region, dated roughly 3300 to 2600 BCE.
Kulli culture
The Kulli culture, also known as the Kulli complex, was an archaeological culture of southern Balochistan from about 2600 to 1900 BCE, contemporary with the Indus civilization.
Ludingirra
Ludingirra (Lú-dingir-ra) was a Sumerian-language poet of Babylon, active before about 1700 BC, known for The Message of Ludingirra to his Mother and two elegies.
Manana (ruler of Kish)
Manana was an early Old Babylonian ruler of the Mesopotamian city of Kish, eponym of the Manana Dynasty, petty kings over Kish and Damrum known only from private archives.
Mandi hoard
The Mandi hoard is a cache of Harappan jewelry found by a farmer at Mandi village, Uttar Pradesh, India, in 2000, the largest ancient jewelry find in India.
Manium
Manium, also written Manui and Mannu-dannu, was the king of Magan whom Naram-Sin of Akkad defeated and captured, probably in the second half of the 23rd century BC.
Meluhha
Meluhha (Meluḫḫa) is the cuneiform name Mesopotamian scribes used for the Indus Valley Civilization trading partner, attested c. 2350–1794 BCE alongside Dilmun and Magan, with a Meluhhan traders' village near Lagash and an interpreter's seal in the Louvre.
Nanna-mansum
Nanna-mansum, read alternatively as Sîn-iddinam, was a diviner who dedicated a bronze figurine to the goddess Nanše for the well-being of Zabaya, probably the fourth king of Larsa, in the mid-twentieth century BC.
Nanni
Nanni was a merchant and investor at Ur around the 18th century BC, known for his cuneiform complaint letter to the copper trader Ea-naṣir about bad copper ingots.
Nippur Dilmun texts
The Nippur Dilmun texts are Kassite-period cuneiform letters and tablets from Nippur in southern Iraq, chiefly two mid-14th-century BC letters by Ilī-ippašra, governor of Dilmun, to Nippur's governor.
Ochre Coloured Pottery culture
The Ochre Coloured Pottery culture, or OCP culture, is a Bronze Age archaeological culture of the Ganga-Yamuna Doab in northern India, defined by ill-fired pottery coated with ochre.
Overseas campaign of Manishtushu against Magan
The overseas campaign of Manishtushu against Magan was a naval expedition by Manishtushu, king of Akkad (c. 2269–2255 BC), who defeated 32 cities across the Persian Gulf and shipped black stone to Agade.
Periodisation of the Indus Valley Civilisation
The periodisation of the Indus Valley Civilisation is the scholarly chronology dividing the Harappan civilization into Early, Mature, and Late phases, spanning roughly 3500–1300 BC.
Persian Gulf seals
Persian Gulf seals, also called Dilmun or Gulf Type seals, are small circular stamp seals from Bahrain's ancient Dilmun, c. 2100–1750 BC, often inscribed with Indus script.
Priest-King (Mohenjo-daro statue)
The Priest-King is a carved steatite bust of a bearded man wearing a fillet headband, excavated at Mohenjo-daro, Pakistan, in 1925-26 and held in the National Museum, Karachi.
Quetta ware
Quetta ware is a black-on-buff painted ceramic tradition of the Quetta valley in northern Balochistan, Pakistan, made by settled pre-Harappan farming villages during the 4th and 3rd millennia BC.
Rakhaldas Banerji
Rakhaldas Banerji, also known as R. D. Banerji, was an Indian archaeologist and historian who excavated Mohenjo-daro in 1922–23, establishing its great antiquity and its link to the Indus civilization.
Rangpur culture
The Rangpur culture is the Late Harappan culture of Gujarat in western India, defined at the type site of Rangpur and characterized by Lustrous Red Ware pottery.
Ravi phase
The Ravi phase, also called the Ravi aspect, is the earliest known occupation at Harappa, a village settlement of hand-built pottery dating from about 3700 to 2800 BCE.
Religion of the Indus Valley Civilisation
The religion of the Indus Valley Civilisation, the Harappan civilization of about 2600 to 1900 BC, is known only from seals, figurines, architecture, and burials, as its script is undeciphered.
Rimum (servant of Inzak)
Rimum, also written Ri'mum, was a ruler of Dilmun, ancient Bahrain, in the first half of the 2nd millennium BC and father of King Yagli-El.
Sanauli chariots
The Sanauli chariots, also written Sinauli, are three wood-and-copper two-wheeled vehicles from about 2000 BC, found in warrior burial pits at Sinauli, Uttar Pradesh, and announced in 2018.
Shu-ilishu interpreter seal
Shu-ilishu's cylinder seal is a small engraved stone cylinder seal in the Louvre whose Akkadian inscription names Shu-ilishu as interpreter of the land of Meluhha.