622 articles
Geshem
Geshem, also called Gashmu or Geshem the Arab, was a fifth-century BC Arab leader, probably of Qedar, who with Sanballat and Tobiah opposed Nehemiah's rebuilding of Jerusalem's walls.
Geshur
Geshur was a small Iron Age Aramean kingdom northeast of the Sea of Galilee, known from the Hebrew Bible as the land of King David's wife Maacah.
Geshurites
The Geshurites were the Iron Age inhabitants of Geshur, a small Aramean kingdom northeast of the Sea of Galilee, remembered as King David's in-laws through Maacah.
Gezer calendar
The Gezer calendar is a small limestone tablet listing a year of agricultural activities, found at Tel Gezer, Israel, in 1908 and dated to the tenth century BCE.
Gindibu
Gindibu was a king of the Arabs who fought Shalmaneser III at the Battle of Qarqar in 853 BC with 1,000 camel riders, the earliest named Arab ruler.
Gozan Pedestal inscription
The Gozan Pedestal inscription is a short Old Aramaic text on a limestone altar from Tell Halaf, commemorating the Aramaean ruler Zdnt of the Bakhiani house.
Gözne Boundary Stone
The Gözne Boundary Stone is a five-line Aramaic inscription carved on natural rock near Gözne Castle in Mersin Province, Turkey, marking the boundary of Lampron in the name of Baalshamin.
Gurgum
Gurgum was a Syro-Hittite kingdom centered at Marqasi, the modern Kahramanmaraş in southern Turkey, ruled by thirteen Luwian-speaking kings until Assyria annexed it in 711 BC.
Gusi
Gusi (Guši, Guš) was an Aramean ruler of northern Syria around 890–860 BC, eponym of the kingdom of Bit Agusi, whose capital was Arpad and who paid tribute to Assyria.
Habiru
The Habiru, also written Apiru or Hapiru, were a marginalized social group in Bronze Age Mesopotamia, Syria, Canaan, and Egypt, known from texts including the 14th-century BC Amarna letters.
Hadad the Edomite
Hadad the Edomite is an Edomite prince of 1 Kings 11 who fled Joab's massacre as a child, was sheltered in Egypt, and became an adversary of Solomon.
Hadad-yith'i
Hadad-yith'i, also Adad-it'i, was a ninth-century BC ruler of the Aramean city of Guzana, known only from the bilingual statue he dedicated to Hadad at Tell Fekheriye.
Hadadezer (king of Zobah)
Hadadezer, also spelled Hadarezer, was the Aramean king of Zobah, son of Rehob, whom the Hebrew Bible presents as David's opponent north of Damascus in the tenth century BC.
Halparuntiya I (Gurgum)
Halparuntiya I was a king of Gurgum, a Neo-Hittite kingdom centered on modern Kahramanmaraş in southern Turkey, who reigned around 910 BC as the son of Muwizi and father of Muwatalli II.
Halparuntiya II (Gurgum)
Halparuntiya II, also rendered Qalparunda, was a king of the Neo-Hittite kingdom of Gurgum, reigning from about 860 BC and appearing as a tributary of Shalmaneser III.
Halparuntiya III (Gurgum)
Halparuntiya III, also Qalparunda III, was a king of the Neo-Hittite state of Gurgum, capital at Marqas (modern Kahramanmaraş, Turkey), around 800 BC, known from a gate lion bearing a seven-generation genealogy.
Hama inscriptions
The Hama inscriptions, also called Hama orthostats or Hama stelae, are Hieroglyphic Luwian royal monuments from Hama, Syria, chiefly of the 9th-century BC kings Urhilina and Uratami.
Hamiyata
Hamiyata was a king of Masuwari, the Luwian name for Til Barsip on the Euphrates in Syria, ruling in the late 10th or early 9th century BC.
Hammurabi II of Yamhad
Hammurabi II was a king of Yamhad, an Amorite kingdom whose capital was Halab (modern Aleppo, Syria), ruling in the middle of the 17th century BC.
Hamutal
Hamutal, daughter of Jeremiah of Libnah, was a queen consort of Judah, wife of King Josiah and mother of the kings Jehoahaz and Zedekiah in the late seventh century BC.
Hananiah (commander of the citadel)
Hananiah is a mid-5th-century BC official of Persian-period Yehud, named in Nehemiah 7:2 as commander of the citadel of Jerusalem and commended as more trustworthy and God-fearing than most.
Hanun (son of Nahash)
Hanun was a king of Ammon, son and successor of Nahash, reigning around the end of the eleventh century BC; his humiliation of David's envoys triggered the Ammonite–Israelite war.
Hanunu of Gaza
Hanunu of Gaza was king of Gaza in the 730s BC, known from the inscriptions of Tiglath-pileser III; he fled to Egypt in 734 BC and was reinstated as an Assyrian vassal.
Hapatila
Hapatila was the earliest named king of Masuwari, the Luwian name of Til Barsip on the Euphrates, known only as a dynastic ancestor of the 10th and 9th centuries BCE.
Harran Census
The Harran Census is a group of Neo-Assyrian clay tablets, excavated at Nineveh and held in the British Museum, that record households, landholdings, and livestock in the district around Harran.
Hasanbeyli inscription
The Hasanbeyli inscription is a Phoenician-language basalt stele acquired in 1894 at Hasanbeyli in southern Turkey, dated roughly 750 to 700 BC and cataloged as KAI 23.
Hattusili (king of Kummuh)
Hattusili, also known as Hattushili and called Qatazili in Assyrian sources, was a 9th-century BC ruler of Kummuhi, a Syro-Hittite kingdom on the upper Euphrates who allied with Assyria.
Hazael (king of Aram-Damascus)
Hazael, also Hasael, was king of Aram-Damascus from about 842 to 798 BC and its most powerful king, a usurper who withstood Assyria and conquered Israelite lands.
Hazael (king of Qedar)
Hazael, also spelled Hazail, was a seventh-century BC Arab ruler based at Adummatu, the first man named king of the Arabs in Assyrian records, attacked by Sennacherib around 690 BC.
Hazael horse frontlet
The Hazael horse frontlet is a bronze horse-bridle plaque with an Aramaic inscription naming Hazael, king of Damascus in the 9th century BC, excavated at the Temple of Hera on Samos in 1984.