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Early Dynastic period (Mesopotamia)
The Early Dynastic period, also called the Early Dynastic Period of Sumer, was the era of competing Sumerian city-states in southern Mesopotamia, c. 2900–2334 BC.
East India House Inscription
The East India House Inscription is a large limestone building inscription of King Nebuchadnezzar II, carved at Babylon and now kept in the British Museum.
Ebabbar archive
The Ebabbar archive is the tablet archive of the Ebabbar temple of Šamaš at Sippar, spanning Neo-Babylonian to early Persian rule and the largest of its kind.
Eclectic Chronicle
The Eclectic Chronicle, numbered ABC 24, is a Babylonian chronicle on tablet BM 27859 in the British Museum, summarizing Babylonian history from about 1080 BC onward.
Eduba
The eduba (é.dub.ba.a, "tablet house"; Akkadian bīt tuppim) was where ancient Mesopotamian scribes trained, known chiefly from Old Babylonian private houses such as Nippur's House F.
Egibi Archive
The Egibi Archive, or Egibi family archive, is a collection of about 1,700 cuneiform tablets from Babylon recording one family's affairs across five generations, from about 606 to 484 BCE.
Egibi family
The Egibi family was an entrepreneurial, land-owning family of Babylon active for five generations from Nebuchadnezzar II into the reign of Xerxes I (sixth to early fifth centuries BC).
Ekišnugal (Iraq)
Ekišnugal (é-kiš-nu-ĝál₂), also Egišnugal, was the main temple of the moon-god Nanna/Sin at Ur, Iraq, with its ziggurat E-temen-nigur; distinct from a same-named Sîn temple in Babylon, restored by rulers from Ur-Nammu to Nabonidus.
Ekitušgarza
Ekitušgarza, meaning "House, Abode of the Regulations," was a temple of the goddess Bēlet-Eanna in Babylon's Tuba district, rebuilt by Nebuchadnezzar II and not yet identified by excavation.
Elamite campaigns of Kutir-Nahhunte
The Elamite campaigns of Kutir-Nahhunte were the mid-12th-century BC military campaigns by which the Elamite king Kutir-Nahhunte destroyed Kassite Babylonia and carried the statue of Marduk to Susa.
Elamite dynasty of Babylon
The Elamite dynasty of Babylon, also called the Seventh Dynasty of Babylon, was a Babylonian dynasty consisting of the single Elamite-descent king Mar-biti-apla-uṣur, who ruled in the 980s BC.
Elamite intervention in Babylonia
The Elamite intervention in Babylonia was a series of Elamite military and political involvements in southern Mesopotamia during the 650s BC, ending with Assurbanipal's sack of Susa in 646 BC.
Elamite invasion of Mesopotamia
The Elamite invasion of Mesopotamia was Elam's campaign under Siwe-palar-huppak against a coalition of Babylon, Mari, and Aleppo around 1765–1764 BC, ending Elamite suzerainty and opening Hammurabi's conquests that unified Mesopotamia under Babylon.
Elamite raids of Kidin-Hutran III
The Elamite raids of Kidin-Hutran III were two expeditions by the Elamite king Kidin-Hutran against Kassite Babylonia, defeating Enlil-nadin-šumi in 1224 BC and Adad-šuma-iddina in 1222–17 BC.
Elamite sack of Babylon
The Elamite sack of Babylon, also known as Shutruk-Nahhunte's sack of Babylon, was Elam's capture of Babylon in the 1150s BCE, ending the Kassite dynasty.
Elamite sack of Eshnunna
The Elamite sack of Eshnunna was the capture and plunder of Eshnunna, east of the Diyala River, by an Elamite-led coalition in late 1766 or early 1765 BC.
Elamma
Elamma was an Old Assyrian merchant, younger son of Iddin-Suen, who traded at Kanesh in the 19th century BC; his archive of 372 tablets was published in 2017.
Elulmesh
Elulmesh (Elulumeš) is a Gutian king listed in the Sumerian King List as ruling Babylonia after the Akkadian dynasty, known only from later king lists.
Elulu (king of Akkad)
Elulu was a king of Akkad around 2190 BC, listed in the Sumerian King List as one of four rival kings who together reigned only three years after Shar-kalli-sharri died.
Elulu (king of Ur)
Elulu of Ur was, according to the Sumerian King List, the third king of the First Dynasty of Ur, assigned a 25-year reign between Meskiagnunna and Balulu.
Emah
Emah (E-maḫ, "Exalted House") was the temple of the mother goddess Ninmah (Bēlet-ilī) at Babylon, beside the Ishtar Gate; excavated by Koldewey in 1900 and rebuilt under Nebuchadnezzar II and Ashurbanipal.
Emisum
Emisum, also written Emišum, was the second ruler of Larsa in southern Mesopotamia, credited with a 28-year reign around 2004–1977 BC, though scholars doubt he ruled independently.
Emutbal
Emutbal, also written Yamut-Bal, was an ancient land east of the Tigris River, rising in 1834 BC under the Amorite Kudur-Mabuk and taken over by Hammurabi in 1763 BC.
En (office)
En, meaning "lord", was a Sumerian title used by rulers of Uruk and, later, by high priestesses of the moon god Nanna at Ur, attested from about 3000 BC.
En-me-nuna
En-me-nuna is a legendary early ruler of Kish named in the Sumerian King List, fifth of the First Dynasty, assigned a 660-year reign and succeeded by his son Melem-Kish.
En-men-dur-ana
En-men-dur-ana, also written Enmeduranki, is the legendary seventh antediluvian king of Sippar in the Sumerian King List, a figure later linked to the biblical patriarch Enoch.
En-men-gal-ana
En-men-gal-ana (Sumerian en-me-en-gal-an-na; Enmegalanna) is a legendary antediluvian king of Bad-tibira in the Sumerian King List, second between En-men-lu-ana and Dumuzid, with a mythical reign of 28,800 years.
En-men-lu-ana
En-men-lu-ana is the third legendary antediluvian king in the Sumerian King List, a ruler of Bad-tibira credited with a 43,200-year reign and known only from later copies of the list.
En-nun-tarah-ana
En-nun-tarah-ana is the ninth king of the First Dynasty of Uruk in the Sumerian King List, credited with an 8-year reign and known from no contemporary inscription.
En-sipad-zid-ana
En-sipad-zid-ana is the legendary antediluvian king of Larak in the Sumerian King List, the third of five pre-Flood cities, credited with a reign of 28,800 years that scholars read as a sexagesimal construct.