56 articles
Abdalonymus
Abdalonymus (Phoenician ʿAbdʾalonīm) was king of Sidon from 332 to 312 BC, appointed by Alexander the Great and remembered as a gardener raised to kingship.
Abdamon
Abdamon was a king of Sidon and member of the Baalshillem dynasty during the mid-5th century BC; he ruled while the city was under Achaemenid Persian overlordship.
Abdashtart I
Abdashtart I, rendered Straton I in Greek sources, was king of Sidon from 365 to 352 BC under Persian rule, and his reign ended in a revolt against Persia.
Abdashtart II
Abdashtart II, Hellenized as Straton II, was a client-king of Sidon under the Persian Empire from 342 to 333 BC, deposed by Alexander the Great after Issus.
Abdastartus
Abdastartus ('servant of Ashtart') was a king of Tyre, son of Baleazarus and grandson of Hiram I, who reigned nine years around 929–921 BC before being murdered.
Abdi-Milkutti
Abdi-Milkutti, also rendered Abdimilkutti, was king of Sidon in the early seventh century BC. He rebelled against Esarhaddon, was beheaded, and Sidon was sacked in 677 BC.
Abibaal (king of Byblos)
Abibaal was a king of Byblos, a Phoenician city on the Levantine coast, conventionally dated to around the 10th century BC and known only from one inscription.
Abibaal (king of Tyre)
Abibaal, in Greek Abibalus, was a king of Tyre in the 10th century BC, known only as the father and predecessor of Hiram I through later king lists.
Amoashtart
Amoashtart was a royal woman of Sidon in the Persian period, priestess of Astarte and mother of King Eshmunazar II, known from his sarcophagus inscription (KAI 14).
Astarymus
Astarymus, also known as Aserymus, was a king of Tyre in the 9th century BC who reigned nine years and was slain by his brother Pheles, who seized the kingdom.
Azemilcus
Azemilcus, also known as Azemilkos, was king of Tyre in the mid-4th century BC, reigning during Alexander the Great's seven-month siege of the city in 332 BC.
Azibaal
Azibaal, also written Azi-Baal or Azbaal, was a king of the Phoenician island city-state of Arwad, appointed to the throne by the Assyrian king Ashurbanipal after his father Yakinlu's death.
Baal I (king of Sidon)
Baal I, also written Ba'al I, was a king of Tyre on the Phoenician coast who reigned from about 680 BC as a vassal of the Neo-Assyrian kings.
Baal-Eser II
Baal-Eser II, rendered Ba'lmanezer in Assyrian records, was a king of Tyre known from Josephus's king list and from an Assyrian inscription recording his tribute to Shalmaneser III in 841 BC.
Baal-Ezer II
Baal-Ezer II, also rendered Badezorus, was a king of Tyre who reigned six years and died around 841 BC, son of Ithobaal I and father of Mattan I.
Baalmilk I (king of Kition)
Baalmilk I, also rendered Baalmelek, was the first named king of the Phoenician dynasty of Kition on Cyprus, reigning in the early fifth century BC and known from his coinage, dated 475–450 BC.
Baalmilk II (king of Kition)
Baalmilk II, also rendered Baalmelek II, was a Phoenician king of Kition and Idalion on Cyprus, known from a dedication to Anat and silver coins dated 425–400 BC.
Baalshillem I (king of Sidon)
Baalshillem I (Phoenician Bʿlšlm) was a king of Sidon in the fifth century BC, reigning from about 450 to 426 BC as the first ruler of the dynasty bearing his name.
Baalshillem II (king of Sidon)
Baalshillem II (Ba'lshillem II) was king of the Sidonians from about 401 to 366 BC under Achaemenid Persian rule, known from the KAI 281 inscription and his silver coinage.
Belus of Tyre
Belus of Tyre is the legendary king of Tyre named by Virgil as the father of Dido, and identified with the historical king Mattan I.
Bodashtart
Bodashtart (Bdʾštrt), also rendered Bod'aštart, was king of the Sidonians in the late 6th century BC, known from about thirty inscriptions recording his building works at Sidon.
Deleastartus
Deleastartus is a name in the Tyrian king list preserved by Josephus quoting Menander of Ephesus; the transmitted text makes him the father of King Astartus, not a king.
Elibaal (king of Byblos)
Elibaal, also written Eliba'al, was a king of Byblos in the 10th century BC, son of King Yehimilk, known from a Phoenician inscription on a bust of Osorkon I.
Eshmunazar I
Eshmunazar I was the first known king of Sidon's royal house under Achaemenid Persian rule, in the second quarter of the 6th century BC, known only through his descendants' inscriptions.
Eshmunazor II
Eshmunazor II, also Eshmunazar II, was a king of Phoenician Sidon in the Persian period, whose sarcophagus bears the longest known Phoenician inscription of that era.
Evagoras II
Evagoras II (Euagoras II) was a Greek king of Salamis in Cyprus, deposed around 351 BC, who served Persia and minted coins as king of Sidon from 346 to 343 BC.
Gerostratos (king of Arwad)
Gerostratos, in Phoenician Gerashtart, was king of the island city of Arwad in northern Phoenicia in the mid-4th century BC, known from Arrian's account of Alexander the Great's campaign.
Hiram I
Hiram I, also spelled Hirom and called Huram in the Hebrew Bible, was king of Tyre for 34 years, c. 969–936 BC, allied with David and Solomon.
Hiram II (king of Tyre)
Hiram II (Hirom II) was king of Tyre from about 739 to 731/730 BC, an Assyrian vassal who paid tribute to Tiglath-pileser III and plotted with Rezin of Damascus.
Hiram III
Hiram III, also known as Hirom III, was a king of Tyre in the sixth century BC who reigned twenty years as a vassal under Babylonian overlordship.