56 articles
Ithobaal I
Ithobaal I, also known as Ethbaal, was a king of Tyre from about 887 to 856 BC, a priest of Astarte who killed his predecessor and fathered Jezebel.
Ithobaal III
Ithobaal III, also written Ethbaal III or Ittobaal III, was a king of Tyre in the late 7th and early 6th century BC, during Nebuchadnezzar II's siege of the city.
Ittobaal II
Ittobaal II, also written Ithobaal II or Ethbaal II, was a king of Tyre who reigned around 750 to 740 BC and paid tribute to Tiglath-pileser III of Assyria.
Luli
Luli, also known as Elulaios, was a Phoenician king who ruled Tyre in the late eighth century BC and rebelled against Assyria, fleeing to Cyprus in 701 BC.
Matinu-baal
Matinu-baal, also spelled Matinba'al, was the king of Arwad, a Phoenician island city off the Syrian coast, at the time of the Battle of Qarqar in 853 BC.
Mattan I (king of Tyre)
Mattan I, also transmitted as Metten, was a king of Tyre in the ninth century BC, father of Pygmalion and of Elissa, the Dido of legend.
Mattan II (king of Tyre)
Mattan II was a king of Tyre whose brief reign, dated 730–729 BC, is known only from the Tyrian king list transmitted by Josephus from Menander of Ephesus.
Mattan IV (king of Tyre)
Mattan IV was a king of Tyre under Persian Achaemenid rule, named by Herodotus as commander of the Tyrian contingent in Xerxes' fleet in 480 BC.
Merbaal
Merbaal, transmitted in Greek as Merbalos and Latinized as Merbal, was king of Tyre for four years, recalled from Babylon to restore the monarchy after the judges period.
Methusastartus
Methusastartus, also transmitted as Methustratos, was a king of Tyre after Abdastartus and before Astarymus; his name and dates rest on derived king lists, since Josephus's text leaves the reign unnamed.
Milkyaton (king of Kition)
Milkyaton, also known as Melekiathon, was a Phoenician king of Kition and Idalion on Cyprus who reigned from 392 BC for at least thirty years, commemorating a naval victory over Salamis.
Ozbaal (king of Byblos)
Ozbaal, also known as Uzbaal, was king of Byblos, a Phoenician city, in the early 4th century BC, known from his silver coinage and his mother Batnoam's sarcophagus inscription.
Phelles
Phelles (Pheles) was a king of Tyre who, according to Menander of Ephesus, murdered his brother Aserymus to seize the throne, reigned eight months, and was killed by Ithobalus, priest of Astarte.
Philocles
Philocles, also transliterated Philokles, was a Phoenician by birth and Greek by culture who ruled as King of the Sidonians, serving the first two Ptolemies until about 279 BC.
Pumayyaton
Pumayyaton, also known as Pumiathon, was the last Phoenician king of Kition and Idalion on Cyprus, son of Milkyaton, who reigned at least 46 years before Ptolemy I executed him around 312 BC.
Pygmalion of Tyre
Pygmalion, also called Pigmalion, was a king of Tyre who reigned c. 841–794 BC, the last ruler named in Josephus's Tyrian king list down to Carthage's founding.
Shipitbaal I (king of Byblos)
Shipitbaal I (Šipitba'al) was an early king of Byblos who reigned around 900–880 BC and is known from the Phoenician royal inscription KAI 7, which names his father Elibaal.
Shipitbaal III (king of Byblos)
Shipitbaal III was a king of Byblos around 500 BC, the first attested ruler of the city in the Persian period, known only from a descendant's inscription and a silver roll.
Tabnit
Tabnit, also known as Tabnit I, was a king of the Sidonians and priest of Astarte in the late sixth and early fifth centuries BC.
Tennes (king of Sidon)
Tennes (Greek Τέννης) was king of Sidon under Achaemenid Persian rule, reigning 351–347 BC; he led Phoenicia's revolt against Artaxerxes III and was executed after Sidon fell.
Yakinlu (king of Arwad)
Yakinlu, also spelled Yakin-Lu, was king of the island Phoenician city-state of Arwad in the 7th century BC; he submitted to Ashurbanipal of Assyria, sent a daughter to Nineveh, and was succeeded by his son Azibaal.
Yatonmilk (Phoenician prince)
Yatonmilk, also written Yatanmilk, was a Phoenician prince of Sidon, son and crown prince of King Bodashtart, known only from his father's inscriptions at the Eshmun sanctuary.
Yeharbaal (king of Byblos)
Yeharbaal, sometimes read Yehadbaal, was a fifth-century BC member of Byblos's royal family, son of King Urimilk II and father of King Yehawmilk, known only from the Yehawmilk stele.
Yehawmilk (king of Byblos)
Yehawmilk, also written Yehawmilik, was king of the Phoenician city of Byblos under Persian rule, remembered for a limestone stele dated to about 450 BC.
Yehimilk (king of Byblos)
Yehimilk was a king of Byblos, a Phoenician city in present-day Lebanon, in the 10th century BC, known only from his own inscription recording his rebuilding of the city's temples.
Zakarbaal (king of Byblos)
Zakarbaal, also written Zakar-Ba'al, was a king of the Phoenician city of Byblos in the 11th century BC, known from the Egyptian Tale of Wenamun.