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Ptolemy VI Philometor
Ptolemy VI Philometor, also known as Ptolemy Philometor, was a Greek Macedonian king of Ptolemaic Egypt who reigned 180–164 and 163–145 BCE, dying in Syria in 145.
Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator
Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator is the conventional name for a shadowy Ptolemaic prince of second-century BC Egypt, probably Ptolemy Memphites, murdered by his father around 130 BC.
Ptolemy VIII Physcon
Ptolemy VIII Physcon, also known as Ptolemy VIII Euergetes II, was a king of Ptolemaic Egypt who reigned, with interruptions, from 170 BC until his death in 116 BC.
Ptolemy X Alexander I
Ptolemy X Alexander I (Ptolemy Alexander) was a king of Ptolemaic Egypt who ruled from 107 to 88 BC, displacing his brother Ptolemy IX, and died trying to retake the kingdom.
Ptolemy XI Alexander II
Ptolemy XI Alexander II, also known as Ptolemy Alexander II, was a king of Ptolemaic Egypt whose reign of about 18 days in 80 BC ended in lynching.
Ptolemy XII Auletes
Ptolemy XII Auletes (Neos Dionysos), Ptolemaic king of Egypt 80-58 and 55-51 BCE and father of Cleopatra VII; known for his flute-playing nickname, 6,000-talent alliance with Rome in 59 BCE, 58 BCE exile under Berenice IV, and restoration by Gabinius in 55 BCE.
Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator
Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator (62/61–47 BCE), Ptolemaic pharaoh of Egypt from 51 BCE, brother-husband and rival of Cleopatra VII; ordered Pompey's murder, fought Caesar in the Alexandrian War, and drowned in the Nile after the Battle of the Nile, aged about 15.
Ptolemy XIV
Ptolemy XIV Philopator was a king of Ptolemaic Egypt, younger brother of Cleopatra VII, her nominal co-ruler from 47 BC until his death in 44 BC.
Ptolemy, son of Agesarchos
Ptolemy, son of Agesarchos (Greek: Πτολεμαῖος ὁ Ἀγησάρχου) was a Ptolemaic official of Arcadian origin who served as strategos, or governor, of Cyprus in the 2nd century BC.
Pu-Ba'lu
Pu-Ba'lu was the ruler of Yursa, a south Canaanite polity possibly located at Tel Haror, who corresponded with pharaohs Amenhotep III and Akhenaten in the Amarna letters.
PU-Sarruma
PU-Sarruma, also read Pu-sharruma, is a conjectured ruler placed at the head of the dynasty preceding the Hittite Old Kingdom in the 17th century BC.
Puabi
Puabi, also read Shub-ad, was a queen of Early Dynastic Ur in southern Mesopotamia, buried around 2500 BCE in tomb PG 800 with lavish gold jewelry.
Puannum
Puannum (Puanum) is a legendary king of the First Dynasty of Kish in the Sumerian King List, which assigns him a reign of 840 years.
Puduhepa
Puduhepa (Puduḫepa), also Puduheba, was a Hurrian-born Hittite queen, wife of Hattusili III, who led peace negotiations with Ramesses II and served as great queen from 1267 BC.
Puduhepa letters
The Puduhepa letters are the royal correspondence sent in the name of Puduḫepa, great queen of the Hittites, chiefly with Ramesses II of Egypt after their 1259 BC peace treaty.
PUGNUS-mili II
PUGNUS-mili II was an early Iron Age king of Melid in south-eastern Turkey, known from inscribed reliefs at Arslantepe dated to the 12th–11th century BC.
Pumayyaton
Pumayyaton, also known as Pumiathon, was the last Phoenician king of Kition and Idalion on Cyprus, son of Milkyaton, who reigned at least 46 years before Ptolemy I executed him around 312 BC.
Punic inscriptions of Lilybaeum
The Punic inscriptions of Lilybaeum are votive stelae from Carthaginian Lilybaeum, modern Marsala in western Sicily, dating from the city's founding around 396 BC to the Roman conquest in 241 BC.
Punic law
Punic law, also called Carthaginian law, is the legal order of ancient Carthage, headed by two annually elected suffetes and overseen by a 104-member tribunal that judged commanders.
Punic passages of the Poenulus
The Punic passages of the Poenulus are Punic-language texts Plautus embedded in Act 5 of his comedy Poenulus, spoken by the Carthaginian merchant Hanno searching for his lost children.
Punic people
The Punic people, known to the Romans as Carthaginians, were the people of Carthage in North Africa, from the city's founding in 814 BC to its destruction by Rome in 146 BC.
Punic religion
Punic religion, also called Carthaginian religion, was the polytheistic religion of Carthage and the western Phoenicians until the city's destruction in 146 BCE, centered on the gods Baal Hammon and Tanit and the tophet sanctuary.
Punic Tabella Defixionis
The Punic Tabella Defixionis (KAI 89) is a 3rd-century-BC lead curse tablet from Carthage, found in 1899, the only legible curse tablet from the city before Roman rule.
Punic votive inscriptions
Punic votive inscriptions, also known as Phoenician votive inscriptions, are formulaic dedications carved on stelae to the deities Tinnit and Baʿl Ḥammon, above all in the tophet of Carthage.
Punic Wars
Punic Wars: three conflicts between Rome and Carthage (264-146 BC), also called the Hannibalic War era. Fought over Sicily and Mediterranean dominance; Rome won all three, destroyed Carthage in 146 BC, and took Sicily, Spain, and naval supremacy.
Punic-Libyan bilingual of Dougga
The Punic-Libyan bilingual of Dougga, also called the Dougga bilingual inscription, is a pair of 3rd–2nd century BC inscriptions from Thugga, Tunisia, carved in both Punic and Libyco-Berber.
Punt expedition of Mentuhotep III
A trading expedition sent by Egyptian king Mentuhotep III around 2003 BC, led by the steward Henu to bring fresh incense from the land of Punt.
Punt expedition of Ramesses III
The Punt expedition of Ramesses III was a 12th-century BC Egyptian Red Sea trading voyage to Punt, known almost entirely from the Great Harris Papyrus I as the last historical record of the trade.
Punt expedition of Sahure
The Punt expedition of Sahure, or Expedition of Sahure to Punt, was a trading voyage sent around 2450 BC by the Egyptian king Sahure to the land of Punt.
Punt trade mission of Pepi II
The Punt trade mission of Pepi II was Old Kingdom Egypt's trade with Punt under Pepi II (ca. 2278–2184 BCE), known only from two inscriptions.