edgepedia

Ancient Near East, Egypt, Nubia, and the Punic world

5,147 articles

Gisco

Gisco, also called Gisgo, was a Carthaginian general of the mid-4th century BC, son of Hanno, recalled from exile to lead Carthage's forces in Sicily after the defeat at the Crimissus in 339 BC.

Gisco (father of Hasdrubal)

Gisco, also spelled Gisgo, was a Carthaginian aristocrat of the 3rd century BC, known almost solely as the father of Hasdrubal, a leading Carthaginian general.

Gisco (First Punic War general)

Gisco, also spelled Gesco, was a Carthaginian general of the First Punic War who held Lilybaeum against Rome until 241 BC, then was seized by mutinous mercenaries.

Gisco Strytanus

Gisco Strytanus, also rendered Gisgo Strytanus, was a Carthaginian ambassador sent to Rome in 149 BC, at the outbreak of the Third Punic War, to offer submission.

Gisgo (officer of Hannibal)

Gisgo, also Latinized Gisco, was a Carthaginian officer in Hannibal's army. Before the battle of Cannae in 216 BC, he marveled at the Roman host, drawing Hannibal's famous retort.

Gishakidu

Gishakidu (Gišakidu) was a ruler of the Sumerian city-state of Umma around 2385 BC, whose cone and vase inscriptions are the first documents recording the Umma–Lagash border conflict from Umma's own point of view.

Giza writing board

The Giza writing board is a plastered wooden writing board excavated by George Andrew Reisner at Giza in 1904, inscribed with a list beginning with names of Dynasty 5 kings.

God's Wife of Amun

The God's Wife of Amun (hmt ntr) was the highest-ranking priestess of ancient Egypt, an office centered at Thebes from about 1550 BC until its abolition under Persian rule.

Gökbez relief

The Gökbez relief is a Neo-Hittite rock relief of the storm god Tarhunzas at Gökbez village in Niğde Province, Turkey, dated to the 8th century BCE.

Golden bowl of Hasanlu

The Golden bowl of Hasanlu is a solid gold bowl with mythological relief scenes, found in 1958 at Hasanlu Tepe in northwestern Iran and held by the National Museum of Iran.

Gordias

Gordias, also spelled Gordios (Greek: Γόρδιος), is a legendary king of Phrygia, remembered as a peasant raised to kingship by an omen, as father of Midas, and as owner of the Gordian Knot.

Governor of Upper Egypt

The Governor of Upper Egypt, or Overseer of Upper Egypt (jmj-r Šmʿw), was an ancient Egyptian office created around 2400 BC to administer Upper Egypt as a whole region.

Gozan Pedestal inscription

The Gozan Pedestal inscription is a short Old Aramaic text on a limestone altar from Tell Halaf, commemorating the Aramaean ruler Zdnt of the Bakhiani house.

Gözne Boundary Stone

The Gözne Boundary Stone is a five-line Aramaic inscription carved on natural rock near Gözne Castle in Mersin Province, Turkey, marking the boundary of Lampron in the name of Baalshamin.

Gozo Phoenician shipwreck

The Gozo Phoenician shipwreck is a Phoenician merchant ship of the 7th century BC lying at 110 m depth off Xlendi Bay on Gozo, Malta.

Gozo stele

The Gozo stele, known as CIS I 132 or Melitensia Quinta, is a Punic limestone inscription found on Gozo, Malta, in 1855, commemorating temple renovations.

Graeco-Babyloniaca

The Graeco-Babyloniaca are about 16 or 17 clay tablets, mostly of the late first millennium BC, transliterating Sumerian and Akkadian cuneiform texts into Greek letters.

Graffito of Esmet-Akhom

The Graffito of Esmet-Akhom is a bilingual hieroglyphic and Demotic inscription carved at Philae on 24 August 394 AD, regarded as the last securely dated hieroglyphic inscription.

Great Chief of the Ma

Great Chief of the Ma, or Great Chief of the Meshwesh, was a hereditary title of Libyan chiefs in Egypt; its best-known holder founded the 22nd Dynasty as Shoshenq I.

Great Edict of Horemheb

The Great Edict of Horemheb, also called the Decree of Horemheb, is a sandstone stela at Karnak inscribed with laws against official corruption and extortion, discovered in 1882.

Great Estate of the Palace

The Great Estate of the Palace (Hwt aAt) was a major royal production and administrative center of Old Kingdom Egypt, larger than an ordinary Hwt estate.

Great Harris Papyrus

The Great Harris Papyrus, also known as Papyrus Harris I, is the longest surviving document from pharaonic Egypt, a 42-meter roll from about 1150 BC recording Ramesses III's deeds.

Great Hymn to the Aten

The Great Hymn to the Aten is an ancient Egyptian religious poem to the sun disk, inscribed in the tomb of Ay at Amarna around 1348 BCE.

Great Karnak Inscription of Merneptah

The Great Karnak Inscription of Merneptah is a 79-column triumphal inscription on a wall at Karnak temple, recording the pharaoh's victory over a Libyan-led invasion around 1208 BC.

Great King (Hittite title)

Great King, written LUGAL.GAL, was the title of Hittite kings ruling from Hattuša about 1650 to 1180 BC, equal in rank to Egypt and Assyria.

Great Kings of Hanigalbat

The Great Kings of Hanigalbat were Assyrian grand viziers of the 13th century BC who, bearing the title king of Hanigalbat, ruled the former Mitanni kingdom from Dur-Katlimmu.

Great Overlord of the Oryx Nome

The Great Overlord of the Oryx Nome was the title of the governors of the Sixteenth Upper Egyptian nome during the late Eleventh and early Twelfth Dynasties.

Great Powers club

The Great Powers club is the modern label for the Late Bronze Age Near Eastern kings who recognized each other as equals in the 14th and 13th centuries BC.

Great Prayer to Šamaš

The Great Prayer to Šamaš, also called the Shamash Hymn, is a 200-line Akkadian hymn to the sun god Šamaš, presenting him as the divine judge who sees all deeds.

Great Pyramid of Giza

Great Pyramid of Giza (Pyramid of Khufu, Cheops): 4th Dynasty Old Kingdom royal tomb near Cairo, c. 2589–2566 BC, 146.5 m original height, only surviving ancient Seven Wonder, built by paid Egyptian workers.