3,576 articles
California Men's Colony
California Men's Colony (CMC) is a CDCR men's prison northwest of San Luis Obispo, California, on Camp San Luis Obispo grounds, with East (Level III) and West (Level I/II, closed 2023) facilities, intermediate medical care, PIA industries, and inmate firefighting.
California State Prison, Corcoran
California State Prison, Corcoran (CSP-COR) is a CDCR men's prison in Kings County, California, activated 1988, housing minimum to maximum security levels including a Security Housing Unit, with a 2,916-bed design capacity.
Cameron Todd Willingham
Cameron Todd Willingham: Texas man executed February 17, 2004 for the 1991 Corsicana house fire that killed his three daughters; independent arson experts later found the arson evidence scientifically invalid, making his case a leading wrongful-execution example.
Camorra
The Camorra is a Neapolitan mafia-type criminal organization based in Naples and Campania, made up of autonomous clans rather than a single hierarchy, dating to the early 19th century.
Candace Newmaker
Candace Newmaker (born Candace Tiara Elmore, 1989) was a 10-year-old American girl who died of asphyxiation on April 18, 2000, during a rebirthing attachment-therapy session in Evergreen, Colorado; her death led to therapist convictions and to rebirthing bans in Colorado and North Carolina.
Candy Montgomery
Candy Montgomery, Candace Lynn Wheeler, is an American woman who killed her friend Betty Gore with an axe in Wylie, Texas, in June 1980, before being acquitted.
Caning
Caning is corporal punishment using a rattan cane on the hands, back, or buttocks in school and judicial settings. Derived from British colonial practice, it persists in Singapore, Malaysia, Brunei, and Aceh, Indonesia, while WHO evidence links corporal punishment to child harm.
Caning in Singapore
Judicial corporal punishment with a rattan cane for male offenders in Singapore, governed by the Criminal Procedure Code 2010; mandatory for about 30 offenses, capped at 24 strokes, exempting women and men over 50, expanded to scams in 2025.
Caning of Michael Fay
Caning of Michael Fay: 1994 judicial caning in Singapore of 18-year-old American Michael Peter Fay for spray-painting cars, sentenced to six strokes under the Vandalism Act 1966, reduced to four after Clinton's clemency appeal, causing a US-Singapore diplomatic rift.
Cannabis in Australia
Cannabis in Australia: the most consumed illicit drug, illegal to sell everywhere, medically legal since 2016, decriminalised in South Australia in 1987, and personal possession of up to 50 g permitted in the ACT.
Cannabis in Canada
Marijuana in Canada is legal for adult non-medical use under the Cannabis Act, which took effect on 17 October 2018, making Canada the first major industrialized nation to legalize cannabis.
Cannabis in India
Cannabis in India (ganja, charas, bhang): a plant long used ritually and medicinally, banned for cultivation, production, and consumption under the NDPS Act 1985, with bhang excluded and licensed industrial cultivation permitted under Section 14.
Cannabis in Italy
Cannabis in Italy is governed by narcotics law d.P.R. 309/1990: personal possession is an administrative offense, sale and cultivation are criminal, and Law 242/2016 permits industrial hemp.
Cannabis in Mexico
Cannabis in Mexico: introduced by the Spanish in the 16th century, outlawed in 1920, briefly regulated in 1940 under Cárdenas; medical use legalized 2017; Supreme Court struck the recreational ban in 2021, yet no legal sales market exists.
Cannabis in Spain
Cannabis in Spain: personal use decriminalized by Supreme Court rulings since 1974; cannabis social clubs (2001 onward); major EU seizure and cultivation hub; medical cannabis framework Real Decreto 903/2025.
Cannabis in Thailand
Cannabis in Thailand (กัญชา): decriminalized 9 June 2022 under Anutin Charnvirakul's Bhumjaithai policy, first in Asia; 18,433 dispensaries followed; from June 2025 sales are prescription-only medical use.
Cannabis in the United Kingdom
Cannabis in the United Kingdom: a Class B controlled drug under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971, illegal recreationally, but prescribable as cannabis-based medicinal products by specialist doctors since November 2018.
Cannabis in the United States
Cannabis (marijuana) in the United States: federally a Schedule I controlled substance under the 1970 CSA, but medical use legal in 40 states and recreational use in 24; medical cannabis moved to Schedule III in April 2026.
Cannon (TV series)
Cannon is a CBS crime drama (1971–1976) starring William Conrad as Frank Cannon, a Los Angeles ex-cop turned private investigator; a Quinn Martin production of 120 episodes that spawned Barnaby Jones and a 1980 revival film.
Capital murder
Capital murder: murder made death-eligible by statute in 27 US states and under federal law, defined via aggravating circumstances, tried in bifurcated guilt and sentencing phases under Furman-Gregg-Ring doctrine.
Capital punishment
Capital punishment (death penalty): state execution of a person as punishment for a crime. 113 countries fully abolitionist by 2025; recorded executions rose to 2,707 in 17 countries in 2025, led by Iran, Saudi Arabia, and China.
Capital punishment by country
Capital punishment by country: legal status and use of the death penalty worldwide. 113 countries fully abolitionist by end 2025; 2,707 executions recorded in 2025, mostly Iran and Saudi Arabia; China data secret.
Capital punishment by the United States federal government
Capital punishment by the United States federal government is the execution of death sentences for federal crimes. It saw 13 executions in 2020 and 2021, and is being restored under the Trump administration starting in 2025.
Capital punishment by the United States military
Capital punishment by the United States military: death sentences under the Uniform Code of Military Justice. 15 capital offenses, presidential approval required, death row at Fort Leavenworth; last execution 1961 (John Bennett); Nidal Hasan's firing-squad execution pending.
Capital punishment for juveniles in the United States
Capital punishment for juveniles in the United States, the execution of offenders under 18 at the time of the crime, was barred by Roper v. Simmons (2005) under the Eighth Amendment, after Thompson, Stanford, and international treaty criticism.
Capital punishment in California
Capital punishment in California: legal penalty under the 1978 Proposition 7 statute; only 13 executions since 1978, last in 2006, under Governor Newsom's 2019 moratorium; largest US death row; documented racial disparities.
Capital punishment in Canada
Capital punishment in Canada: legal history from 230 British-era capital offences to abolition. Last executions 1962 (Turpin, Lucas, Don Jail); Bill C-84 abolished civilian death penalty 1976 by 130–124; military 1998.
Capital punishment in China
Capital punishment in China: legal death penalty for extremely serious crimes; thousands executed yearly per Amnesty estimates, figures a state secret; Supreme People's Court review since 2007; two-tier sentence with two-year reprieve.
Capital punishment in Europe
Capital punishment in Europe: Belarus is the only European country that retains and carries out the death penalty; all EU and Council of Europe states abolished it under ECHR Protocols 6 and 13, with no 2025 executions recorded.
Capital punishment in Florida
Capital punishment in Florida: lethal injection or electrocution at Florida State Prison. First state to reinstate after Furman (1972); 8-of-12 jury threshold, record 19 executions in 2025 under DeSantis, 30 death-row exonerations, no clemency since 1983.