3,576 articles
Capital punishment in France
Capital punishment in France, ended by the loi Badinter (Law 81-908) of 9 October 1981 under Robert Badinter and Mitterrand; constitutionally banned since 2007 (article 66-1), with France campaigning for universal abolition.
Capital punishment in India
Capital punishment in India: legal death penalty under the IPC/BNS and 17+ other statutes, restricted by the Bachan Singh 'rarest of rare' doctrine; hanging is the sole method; 1,279 death sentences 2016–2025, 564 on death row end-2024, last executions March 2020.
Capital punishment in Iran
Capital punishment in Iran is applied by hanging under the Islamic Penal Code's hudud, qesas (retribution), and ta'zir categories, covering murder, drug offenses, apostasy, adultery, and security charges; at least 2,159 executions were recorded in 2025.
Capital punishment in Japan
Capital punishment in Japan (死刑) is a legal penalty for murder, executed by hanging in secrecy with same-morning notice. Japan and the US are the only G7 retentionists; 718 postwar executions; Hakamada's 2024 acquittal fueled abolition calls.
Capital punishment in Pennsylvania
Capital punishment in Pennsylvania: death penalty for first-degree murder, still law but under a governor's moratorium since 2015; 103 on death row, 3 executions since 1976, 13 exonerations.
Capital punishment in Singapore
Capital punishment in Singapore: mandatory hanging for murder and drug trafficking above thresholds (15 g heroin, 500 g cannabis), with 2012 courier discretion, rising executions (17 in 2025, 19 in 2026), and dismissed constitutional challenges.
Capital punishment in Texas
Capital punishment in Texas: the state's death penalty system, from colonial-era hangings through the electric chair and lethal injection. Texas leads the U.S. in modern executions, peaking at 40 in 2000, then declining after the 2005 life-without-parole law.
Capital punishment in the Philippines
Capital punishment in the Philippines, abolished by Republic Act 9346 on June 24, 2006, was restored 1993 to 2006 under RA 7659; the Second Optional Protocol to the ICCPR was ratified in 2007, and revival bills remain pending.
Capital punishment in the United Kingdom
Capital punishment in the UK was abolished for murder by the 1965 Murder (Abolition of Death Penalty) Act, made permanent in 1969, and fully abolished for all remaining crimes in 1998; the government now opposes the death penalty in all circumstances.
Capital punishment in the United States
Capital punishment in the United States, also called the death penalty, is legal in 27 states, the federal government, and the military, with executions resumed since 1977.
Capo dei capi
Capo dei capi ("boss of bosses") is an informal Mafia title for the supreme leader, used for Riina and Provenzano in Sicily and held by Morello through Maranzano in the American Mafia until 1931.
Capture of El Mayo
Capture of El Mayo: July 25, 2024 U.S. arrest of Sinaloa Cartel co-founder Ismael "El Mayo" Zambada García and Joaquín Guzmán López, delivered by abduction from Sinaloa; Zambada received a life sentence in 2026.
Carding (fraud)
Carding is payment card fraud: stealing or buying card data and using it for unauthorized purchases, via card-testing bots, carding forums, and dark web marketplaces; covers US federal offenses from access device fraud to wire fraud.
Caril Ann Fugate
Caril Ann Fugate, later Caril Ann Clair, was the 14-year-old companion of Charles Starkweather convicted of first degree murder in the 1958 Nebraska-Wyoming killing spree, sentenced to life, paroled in 1976 after claiming hostage status.
Carl Eugene Watts
Carl "Coral" Eugene Watts (1953-2007), the "Sunday Morning Slasher," an American serial killer who attacked women in Texas, Michigan, and Ontario; received 1982 Texas immunity for confessed killings, was later convicted of two Michigan murders, and died of prostate cancer in custody.
Carl Gröpler
Carl Gröpler (Franz Friedrich Carl Gröpler) was a German executioner who served about 30 years, carried out roughly 130 executions, and beheaded Peter Kürten, the "Vampire of Düsseldorf", in 1931.
Carl Panzram
Carl Panzram (1892-1930), American career criminal and confessed serial killer, executed at Leavenworth for killing laundry foreman Robert Warnke; his death-row autobiography, kept by guard Henry Lesser, was published in 1970 as Killer: A Journal of Murder.
Carl Tanzler
Carl Tanzler (Georg Karl Tänzler, Count Carl von Cosel, 1877-1952), German-born Key West radiology technologist who exhumed tuberculosis patient Elena Milagro de Hoyos in 1933 and lived with her preserved corpse for seven years until the 1940 discovery; case dropped under the statute of limitations.
Carl Williams (criminal)
Carl Anthony Williams (1970-2010), Melbourne amphetamine trafficker and gangland war figure, ordered murders of Moran family rivals, received three consecutive life sentences, and was bashed to death in Barwon Prison.
Carlie's Law
Carlie's Law (H.R. 4150, 108th Congress) was a 2004 federal bill by Rep. Katherine Harris named for murder victim Carlie Brucia; it would have mandated revocation of federal probation for violent offenders but never became law.
Carlo Gambino
Carlo Gambino (1902–1976), Sicilian-born American Mafia boss known as Don Carlo, led New York's Gambino crime family from 1957 to 1976, controlled East Coast rackets, and died of natural causes without significant prison time.
Carlos Lehder
Carlos Lehder is a Colombian-German former drug trafficker who co-founded the Medellín cartel and was released in Colombia in 2025 after more than 30 years in US prison.
Carlos Marcello
Carlos Marcello (Calogero Minacore, 1910-1993), boss of the New Orleans Mafia from 1947, Gulf Coast organized crime overlord, deported 1961, Brilab convict, HSCA Kennedy assassination figure.
Carlton Leach
Carlton Leach, also known as "The Footsoldier", is an English former West Ham ICF football hooligan, doorman, and author born in 1959 in Canning Town, London, whose autobiography Muscle inspired the 2007 film Rise of the Footsoldier.
Carmageddon
Carmageddon (1997) is a vehicular combat racing game by Stainless Games and SCi where players win races by completing laps, destroying rivals, or killing pedestrians; it sparked censorship, sold millions, and spawned a series.
Carmen Sandiego (character)
Carmen Sandiego is the fictional master thief created for Brøderbund's 1985 educational game Where in the World is Carmen Sandiego? by Dane Bigham, Lauren Elliott, Gene Portwood, and David Siefkin, head of V.I.L.E. and star of games, TV shows, and a 2019 Netflix series.
Carmine Agnello
Carmine Agnello is the name of a Gambino crime family member, ex-husband of Victoria Gotti, and his son, a reality TV personality imprisoned for COVID-19 loan fraud.
Carmine Falcone
Carmine "The Roman" Falcone is a DC Comics Gotham crime lord created by Frank Miller and David Mazzucchelli in Batman: Year One (1987), head of the Falcone crime family, killed by Two-Face in The Long Halloween, and portrayed by Tom Wilkinson, John Doman, Titus Welliver, John Turturro, and Mark Strong.
Carmine Galante
Carmine Galante (1910–1979), nicknamed 'The Cigar' and 'Lilo', was an American Mafioso and de facto boss of New York's Bonanno crime family. He built the family's Montreal heroin pipeline, served 12 years of a 20-year narcotics sentence, and was shot dead at a Brooklyn restaurant in 1979.
Carmine Persico
Carmine John Persico Jr., 'The Snake' (August 8, 1933 - 2019), longtime boss of New York's Colombo crime family, convicted in the 1986 Commission Trial, ran the family from prison, and died serving a long federal sentence.