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Criminal law and penal justice

3,576 articles

Haji Mastan (حاجی مستان)

Haji Mastan (حاجی مستان, Mastan Haider Mirza), 1926-1994, Bombay dock porter turned gold smuggler and Mumbai underworld don of the Karim Lala-Varadarajan troika, later founder of the Dalit Muslim Suraksha Mahasangh.

Halden Prison

Halden fengsel (Halden Prison): high-security Norwegian prison for men in Østfold, opened April 2010, 227 closed places plus transition house, no window bars, rehabilitation-focused design, high costs, criticized for lockdowns in 2023.

Halfway house

Halfway house, also called residential reentry center or community-based residential facility: supervised transitional housing for people leaving prison, addiction treatment, or institutions, with rules, services, and mixed recidivism evidence.

Halil Ay

Halil Ay, Turkish organized-crime figure and alleged Anucur gang leader in Istanbul; survived the 13 January 2023 Haliç Bridge ambush, found killed in France in August 2023; later namesake of the Ay Grubu indictment.

Hamida Djandoubi (حميدة جندوبي)

Hamida Djandoubi (حميدة جندوبي), a Tunisian laborer living in Marseille, was guillotined at Baumettes prison on 10 September 1977, the last execution in France and Western Europe.

Hamza Bendelladj

Hamza Bendelladj, aka Bx1, is an Algerian hacker co-developer and marketer of the SpyEye banking trojan; arrested in Bangkok in 2013, extradited to the US, and sentenced in 2016 to 15 years in prison.

Hanged, drawn and quartered

Hanged, drawn and quartered: the English statutory penalty for male high traitors from the Treason Act 1352 until the late 18th century, involving dragging on a hurdle, partial hanging, disembowelling, beheading, and quartering; abolished with quartering in 1870.

Hanging

Hanging is suspension of a person by a noose or ligature around the neck, used historically and currently as a judicial execution method (Iran, Japan, Taiwan) and a common suicide method; death mechanisms include asphyxia, cerebral vessel occlusion, and cardiac inhibition.

Hangman's knot

The hangman's knot, also called the hangman's noose, is a running noose with multiple coils, historically used for judicial hanging; in forensics, its position on the neck largely determines the mechanism of death.

Hangwani Maumela

Hangwani Maumela, also known as Hangwani Morgan Maumela, is a South African businessman.

Hannah Ocuish

Hannah Ocuish, also spelled Occuish, was a girl of Pequot and African American descent, believed to have had an intellectual disability, hanged at age 12 for murdering a 6-year-old girl.

Happy Land fire

The Happy Land fire was a 1990 arson attack at the unlicensed Happy Land Social Club in the Bronx, New York, that killed 87 people trapped inside.

Hardboiled

Hardboiled fiction: American crime-fiction school born in 1920s pulp magazines like Black Mask, featuring tough cynical private eyes such as Hammett's Sam Spade and Chandler's Philip Marlowe, written in terse realist prose and distinguished from classical detective stories by moral ambiguity, urban corruption, and its later fusion into film noir.

Harley Davidson Guindon

Harley Davidson Guindon, known as Harley Guindon, is a Canadian clothing salesman from Oshawa, Ontario, son of Satan's Choice founder Bernie Guindon and a former Hells Angels vice-president.

Harold Shipman

Harold Shipman, British GP and serial killer, convicted 2000 of murdering 15 patients with diamorphine; the Shipman Inquiry under Dame Janet Smith concluded he killed about 250 patients before his 2004 death in Wakefield prison.

Harold Wayne Nichols

Harold Wayne Nichols, Tennessee death row inmate executed December 11, 2025 for the 1988 rape and murder of Chattanooga student Karen Pulley, after pleading guilty and 35 years of appeals.

Harpe brothers

The Harpe brothers, Micajah "Big Harpe" and Wiley "Little Harpe," were American frontier outlaws who murdered at least 20 people across Tennessee and Kentucky in 1797 and 1799.

Harrison Narcotics Tax Act

The Harrison Narcotics Tax Act (1914), also called the Harrison Act or Harrison Narcotic Act, was the first major U.S. federal drug law, taxing and registering handlers of opium and coca products and becoming, through court rulings, the foundation of American drug prohibition until 1970.

Harry Aleman

Harry "The Hook" Aleman (1939–2010) was a Chicago Outfit hit man convicted in 1997 of the 1972 murder of William Logan, retried after a 1977 acquittal bought with a $10,000 bribe.

Harry J. Anslinger

Harry J. Anslinger (1892–1975) was the first and longest-serving Commissioner of the U.S. Federal Bureau of Narcotics, 1930–1962, architect of the 1937 Marihuana Tax Act, the Boggs Act, and the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs.

Harry Kendall Thaw

Harry Kendall Thaw (1871-1947), Pittsburgh railroad-heir millionaire, murdered architect Stanford White at Madison Square Garden in 1906 over White's affair with his wife Evelyn Nesbit; his two trials, the first 'trial of the century,' ended in an insanity acquittal.

Harry Maione

Harry "Happy" Maione (1908–1942), Brooklyn gangster, led the Ocean Hill Hooligans and killed for Murder, Inc.; executed at Sing Sing February 19, 1942 for the Rudnick murder.

Harry Pierpont

Harry "Pete" Pierpont (1902-1934), Muncie, Indiana bank robber, mentor and organizer of the Dillinger gang; freed Dillinger from the Lima, Ohio jail, captured in Tucson January 1934, executed in Ohio's electric chair October 17, 1934.

Hart family murders

Hart family murders: 2018 murder-suicide in which Jennifer and Sarah Hart drove their SUV off a California cliff with six adopted children, after years of abuse reports across three states.

Harvey Glatman

Harvey Murray Glatman, the Glamour Girl Slayer and Lonely Hearts Killer, was an American serial killer (1927–1959) who posed as a freelance photographer to lure, bind, photograph, and strangle three women in Southern California, and was executed in San Quentin's gas chamber on September 18, 1959.

Harvey Logan

Harvey Alexander Logan, alias Kid Curry (1867–1904), was an American Old West outlaw with Butch Cassidy's Wild Bunch, credited with eight or nine killings, captured in Knoxville in 1901, and dead by reported suicide after a 1904 Colorado train robbery.

Harvey Weinstein sexual abuse cases

Harvey Weinstein sexual abuse cases: criminal prosecutions and civil claims against the Miramax co-founder after October 2017 New York Times and New Yorker reporting; convictions in New York and California, a 2024 reversal, retrials, and the #MeToo movement.

Hate crime

Hate crime: a criminal offense motivated in whole or in part by bias against protected characteristics such as race, religion, disability, sexual orientation, or gender identity; distinct from non-criminal hate incidents, and significantly undercounted in official statistics.

Hate crime laws in the United States

Hate crime laws in the United States: federal statutes from the 1968 civil rights laws to the 2009 Shepard-Byrd Act, plus state penalty-enhancement and data-collection laws covering bias-motivated crimes against race, religion, gender identity, and other protected characteristics.

Hate Crime Statistics Act

Hate Crime Statistics Act: 1990 U.S. federal law, amended 1994, requiring federal tracking of bias-motivated crimes; implemented through the FBI UCR Hate Crime Statistics Data Collection.