9,901 articles
Patent Cooperation Treaty
The Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT), signed in Washington in 1970 and administered by WIPO, allows a single international patent application effective in all 159 Contracting States, delaying national phase entry to 30 months.
Patent infringement
Patent infringement is the unauthorized making, using, selling, or importing of a patented invention, plus induced and contributory infringement. Covers claim-by-claim tests, doctrine of equivalents, remedies, litigation costs, and US, Japanese, and Chinese differences.
Patent law of China
Patent Law of the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国专利法), the national patent statute adopted 1984, effective 1985, covering inventions, utility models, and designs with terms of 20, 10, and 15 years, amended 1992, 2000, 2008, and 2020.
Patent pool
A patent pool is an agreement between two or more patent owners to license their patents to one another or to third parties, usually under a single royalty.
Patent troll
Patent troll, also patent assertion entity (PAE) or non-practicing entity (NPE): a disparaging label for patent holders who assert patents to obtain settlements and license fees without making products; distinguished by empirical evidence on costs, litigation behavior, and share of U.S. patent suits.
Patna High Court (पटना उच्च न्यायालय)
Patna High Court (पटना उच्च न्यायालय), High Court of Judicature at Patna, Bihar's top court. Constituted by Letters Patent 9 February 1916, opened by Lord Hardinge, first Chief Justice Sir Edward Chamier; separate Orissa court from 1948.
Patriarca crime family
The Patriarca crime family is the New England La Cosa Nostra organization, named for boss Raymond L.S. Patriarca and based on Federal Hill, Providence; it ran gambling, extortion, and loansharking before federal RICO prosecutions in 1989-1991 dismantled its leadership.
Patriation Reference
Patriation Reference (Re: Resolution to amend the Constitution, [1981] 1 SCR 753): 1981 Supreme Court of Canada opinion holding unilateral federal patriation legal but contrary to a convention requiring substantial provincial consent.
Patricia A. Gaughan
Patricia Anne Gaughan is a US district judge for the Northern District of Ohio, appointed by Bill Clinton in 1995 and chief judge from 2017 to 2023.
Patricia A. Millett
Patricia Ann Millett, born 1963 in Dexter, Maine, is an American jurist serving on the D.C. Circuit appeals court since 2013, appointed by President Barack Obama.
Patricia A. Seitz
Patricia A. Seitz, born 1946, is a senior United States district judge of the Southern District of Florida, appointed by President Clinton in 1998 and assuming senior status in 2012.
Patricia C. Fawsett
Patricia C. Fawsett, born 1943 in Montreal, is an American jurist serving as a senior judge of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida.
Patricia Krenwinkel
Patricia Krenwinkel (Patricia Diane Krenwinkel), born 1947 in Los Angeles, is a Manson Family follower serving life for seven 1969 Tate–LaBianca murders; she is California's longest-serving female inmate.
Patricia Scotland
Patricia Scotland, Baroness Scotland of Asthal, is a Dominican-born British barrister and Labour peer who was the 6th Commonwealth Secretary-General (2016–2025), the first woman in the post, after serving as the first female UK Attorney General.
Patricia Stallings
Patricia Stallings, Missouri woman wrongfully convicted in 1991 of murdering her son Ryan by antifreeze poisoning; GC-FID misread propionic acid, a methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) metabolite, as ethylene glycol; exonerated September 20, 1991.
Patricia T. Giles
Patricia T. Giles, also known as Patricia Tolliver Giles, is an American jurist serving as a US district judge for the Eastern District of Virginia since 2021.
Patricide
Patricide is the killing of one's father, a form of parricide (also matricide). Rare, about 4-5% of homicides; offenders mostly adult sons, often with psychosis, personality disorder, or abuse histories.
Patrick A. Conmy
Patrick A. Conmy, born 1934, is an American jurist who served as a United States district judge for the District of North Dakota from 1985 until 2000.
Patrick Adamiak
Patrick Tate Adamiak, US Navy veteran and firearms collector, convicted 2022 in E.D. Virginia under the National Firearms Act, sentenced to 20 years, denied certiorari, and pardoned by President Trump in September 2026.
Patrick C. Pitts
Patrick C. Pitts, born Patrick Casey Pitts in 1980, is an American jurist serving as a United States district judge for the Northern District of California since 2023.
Patrick Crusius
Patrick Wood Crusius (born 1998) is the American who killed 23 people and injured 22 in the racist August 3, 2019 El Paso Walmart shooting targeting Hispanics; he posted a 'Hispanic invasion' manifesto, pleaded guilty to 90 federal counts, and received 90 consecutive life sentences plus a state life term.
Patrick E. Higginbotham
Patrick E. Higginbotham, born 1938, is an American jurist serving as a senior judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit since 2006.
Patrick Eugene Prendergast
Patrick Eugene Prendergast, Irish immigrant news vendor, assassinated Chicago mayor Carter Harrison Sr. on October 28, 1893 over a denied Corporation Counsel appointment; convicted, insanity defense failed, hanged July 13, 1894.
Patrick Fitzgerald
Patrick J. Fitzgerald, American attorney, U.S. Attorney for the Northern District of Illinois 2001-2012 (distinct from the football coach of the same name), special counsel in the Valerie Plame leak case who convicted Scooter Libby and Governors Ryan and Blagojevich.
Patrick Franklin Andrews
Patrick Franklin Andrews is an American federal inmate serving a life sentence for the 2007 stabbing murder of fellow inmate Jesse Harris at USP Hazelton, West Virginia, committed with Kevin Bellinger while Andrews was already serving 35 years to life for two earlier murders; distinct from California death-row inmate Jesse James Andrews.
Patrick J. Bumatay
Patrick Joseph Bumatay, born 1978 in Secaucus, New Jersey, is an American jurist serving as a Ninth Circuit federal appeals judge since 2019, appointed by President Trump.
Patrick J. Schiltz
Patrick J. Schiltz is an American jurist who has served as a United States district judge in Minnesota since 2006, appointed by President George W. Bush.
Patrick Kearney
Patrick Wayne Kearney, known as the Trash Bag Killer, is an American serial killer who murdered young men and boys across Southern California until 1977.
Patrick Mackay
Patrick David Mackay, also known as David Groves, is a British serial killer born 1952 who confessed to 11 murders (1973-1975), including Father Anthony Crean; convicted of three manslaughters in 1975.
Patrick Pearse
Patrick Pearse (Pádraig Mac Piarais), 1879–1916, Irish teacher, poet, and revolutionary; founded St Enda's school, edited An Claidheamh Soluis, drafted and read the 1916 Proclamation, and was executed for the Easter Rising.