2,407 articles
Bro culture
Bro culture: social practices of male peer groups addressing each other as "bro", rooted in U.S. fraternity life and linked to homosociality, banter, and, critically, misogyny; British analogue is lad culture.
Broligarchy
Broligarchy, slang portmanteau of bro and oligarchy, names male tech-billionaire dominance of business and politics, coined by Carole Cadwalladr in 2024 and popularized by Brooke Harrington's Atlantic essay.
Brooke Astor
Brooke Astor (Roberta Brooke Russell, 1902–2007), New York socialite and philanthropist, ran the Vincent Astor Foundation and gave away about $195 million to NYC institutions; her son Anthony Marshall was convicted of exploiting her.
Brown (racial classification)
Brown (racial classification), including pardo in Brazil, the informal brown label for US Latinos and South Asian Americans, and colonial pardo/mestizo ancestry terms; distinct from White and Black categories and defined by phenotype or mixed ancestry.
Brownies & Downies
Brownies&downieS is a Dutch inclusive lunch café franchise founded in 2010 by Thijs Swinkels in Veghel, where staff with and without intellectual disabilities work together; about 60 locations, sold to Albron in 2022.
Bubi people
The Bubi are the indigenous Bantu-speaking people of Bioko Island (Fernando Pó), Equatorial Guinea, settled about 2000 years ago, speaking basal Bantu language Bubi, organized in matrilineal clans, and politically marginalized by the Fang majority.
Buganda clan system
The Buganda clan system organizes Baganda society into patrilineal clans called ebika, each identified by a totem, governing naming, marriage, and land in the Kingdom of Buganda, Uganda.
Bugis
The Bugis (To Ugi') are the largest ethnic group of South Sulawesi, Indonesia, speaking Buginese (27 dialects, lontara script), predominantly Muslim, with kingdoms like Bone and Wajo and a large diaspora in Malaysia, Singapore, and Kalimantan; over 7 million worldwide.
Bugis migration to the Malay Peninsula
The Bugis migration to the Malay Peninsula is the centuries-long movement of Bugis people from South Sulawesi, Indonesia, who settled mainly in Johor and Selangor and entered Malay royal houses.
Bukharan Jews
Bukharan Jews, also called Bukharian Jews, are the Jews of Central Asia whose native language is Judeo-Tajik, or Bukhori; most now live in Israel and New York.
Bulgarian refugee crisis (1912–1926)
The Bulgarian refugee crisis (1912–1926) was the influx of about 280,000 refugees, mostly ethnic Bulgarians, into Bulgaria after the Balkan Wars, the First World War, and border changes.
Bulgarians (българи)
Bulgarians (българи): South Slavic nation of Bulgaria, 84.6% of 2021 census respondents; formed from Bulgar, Slavic, and Thracian merger; state founded 681; diaspora in the Balkans.
Bulgars
The Bulgars were Turkic-speaking steppe people driven north of the Sea of Azov by the Khazars in the 7th century; their branches founded Danube Bulgaria (681) and Volga Bulgaria (capital Bolghar), and gave modern Bulgarians their name.
Bullingdon Club
The Bullingdon Club is an exclusive all-male dining society for Oxford students, founded in 1780 as a cricket club.
Bumiputera (Malaysia)
Bumiputera is Malaysia's category for Malays, Orang Asli, and Sabah and Sarawak natives, about 69.4% of the 2020 population, protected under Article 153 and favored by affirmative action since the 1971 New Economic Policy.
Bunt (community)
Bunts (also Nadavas), a landholding community of Tulu Nadu in coastal Karnataka, traditionally matrilineal via aliya santana, with recorded history from a 9th-century inscription and bhuta spirit worship.
Burakumin (部落民)
Burakumin (部落民), also called the Dowa issue, are Japan's largest minority, descendants of Tokugawa-era eta and hinin outcastes, legally emancipated in 1871 yet still facing employment, marriage, housing, and family-registry-based discrimination.
Bureau of Indian Affairs
The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), established 1824, is the Interior Department's oldest bureau, administering federal trust responsibilities and services for 575 federally recognized tribes and about 1.9 million American Indians and Alaska Natives.
Burgher people
Burghers (Sinhala Lansi) are a Sri Lankan Eurasian community descended from VOC settlers and Portuguese-era unions; tiny census minority (0.18% in 2012), English-speaking, largely emigrated to Australia after 1956.
Burke's Peerage
Burke's Peerage: British genealogical reference series founded in London in 1826 by John Burke, recording lineages of the peerage, baronetage and landed gentry; distinguishable from Debrett's Peerage and now owned by Burke's Peerage Limited.
Burkina Faso displacement crisis
The Burkina Faso displacement crisis is the mass forced displacement of roughly 2 million people, a tenth of the population, driven by an armed insurgency since 2015.
Burkinabè migration to Côte d'Ivoire
Burkinabè migration to Côte d'Ivoire is the movement of workers from Burkina Faso southward, beginning with colonial forced recruitment in the early twentieth century and continuing voluntarily after 1946.
Burusho people
Burusho (Burúśo), Karakoram mountain people of the Hunza, Nagar, and Yasin valleys of Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan, plus a Srinagar diaspora; speakers of Burushaski, a language isolate with Hunza, Nagar, and Yasin (Werchikwar) varieties, traditionally mir-ruled and terraced-farming.
Buryats
Buryats (буряад), a Mongolic-speaking Siberian people around Lake Baikal, live divided across Russia, Mongolia, and China after 20th-century migrations; mostly Buddhists with shamanist traditions, they cluster genetically with South Siberian Turkic groups.
Cacique
Cacique: a Taíno-origin term the Spanish applied to indigenous town and village leaders across the Americas; cacicazgo is the office. Distinct from pre-Hispanic titles like curaca and psihipqua, it became a Crown-validated colonial institution and, as caciquismo, later meant rural boss rule.
Caddo
Caddo (from Kadohadachho, "real chief"): a Caddoan-speaking Native American people of the Red River and East Texas, organized into Hasinai, Kadohadacho, and Natchitoches groups; removed to Indian Territory in 1859; today the Caddo Nation of Oklahoma, headquartered near Binger.
Cagot
The Cagots, also known as Agotes, were a hereditary outcast group of south-west France and the Navarrese Pyrenees, shunned as reputed lepers despite being healthy.
Cahuilla
The Cahuilla (Iviatim) are an inland southern California Indigenous people speaking a Takic (Uto-Aztecan) language, organized into Wildcat and Coyote patrimoieties, today on reservations including Agua Caliente, Morongo, and Torres-Martinez.
Cajuns
Cajuns are Louisiana descendants of the Acadians, French-speaking colonists of Nova Scotia exiled by the British in 1755 who settled in southwest Louisiana's Acadiana; their culture centers on Cajun French, music, dance, and food such as gumbo.
Calais Jungle
The Calais Jungle, also known as Camp de la Lande, was an informal refugee camp near Calais, France, home to about 10,000 migrants until its demolition in October 2016.